2014-10-27 Structure: passive states & beliefs

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http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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Homework: 250-252 (reading and questions)
(If you don't do it, I'll give you a quiz instead.)
part A
1 c
2 d
3 a
4 d
5 b
6 a
7 d
8 c
part B
1 Americans
2 bathroom
3 sink
4 shaving
5 toothbrush
6 dentists
7 psychiatrists/psychologists (mental health counselors)
8 illnesses/disorders
"Motel of the Mysteries" - book about future archaeologists who dig up a present-day motel
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Many archaeologists believe that it had a religious purpose.
-> It is believed to have had a religious purpose.
(It is believed now, it had religious purpose in the past.)

Those people believed they would prevent disease.
-> They were believed to prevent disease.
(Belief and prevnetion were at the same time.)

The Romans believed that the Egyptians had built them.
-> They were believed to have been built by the Egyptions.
-> It was believed that the Egyptians had built them.

It is said that Egyptians worshipped their kings as gods.
("It" doesn't mean any specific thing. This is similar to sentences like, "It's important to study.")

"claim" and "allege" mean that someone said this thing, but I don't necessarily believe it.
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"It is believed (by some) that Obama is a reptilian alien."
-> this is a "weasel word", because I don't give any information about who believes this or how reliable they are
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p. 257 exercise 2
2 are surrounded by / are located in
3 is composed of / is made up of/ is divided into
4 is located / is found
5 is composed of / is made up of
6 is bordered by
7 is made up of / is composed of
8 is divided into
9 are found to the / are located (to the)
10 are found in / are located in
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p. 258 exercise 3
2 was thought to be
3 is claimed to be
4 are/were regarded as
5 were believed to be
6 have been considered
7 is said to live
8 was regarded as
9 is assumed to be
10 are alleged to be

He is alleged to be the criminal. (2 syllables)
He is the alleged criminal. (3 syllables)
Allegedly, he is the criminal. (4 syllables)
(noun: allegation)
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c: before 'e', 'i', or 'y', almost always /s/
   before other letters, always /k/
g: before 'e', 'i', or 'y' sometimes the same as 'j'
   before other letters, always /g/