import shapefile
sf = shapefile.Reader("MyFile.shp")
data = sf.record['desired_record_name']

import shapefile
sf = shapefile.Reader("MyFile.shp")
for r in sf.iterRecords():
    if r[0]=='desired_record_name':
        data = r
        break

import shapefile
sf = shapefile.Reader('MyFile.shp')
# name of fields
fields = sf.fields[1:]
field_names = [field[0] for field in fields]
# construction of a dctionary field_name:value
for r in sf.shapeRecords():
     atr = dict(zip(field_names, r.record))

{'field1': 'value1', 'field2': 'value2', ...,  'fieldn': 'valuen'}

if atr['field1'] == value:
       print atr
       action

def records(filename):
    # generator
    reader = shapefile.Reader(filename)
    fields = reader.fields[1:]
    field_names = [field[0] for field in fields]
    for sr in reader.shapeRecords():
        yield dict(zip(field_names, sr.record))
rec = records('MyFile.shp')
rec.next()
{'field1': 'value1', 'field2': 'value2', ...,  'fieldn': 'valuen'}
# or
for rec in records('MyFile.shp')
     if rec['field1'] == value:
         data = rec

for r in sf.shapeRecords():
   atr = dict(zip(field_names, r.record))
   geom = r.shape.__geo_interface__
   print dict(geometry=geom,properties=atr)
   {'geometry': {'type': 'Point', 'coordinates': (161821.09375, 79076.0703125)}, 'properties': {'DIP_DIR': 120, 'STRATI_TYP': 1, 'DIP': 30}}

from osgeo import ogr
ds = ogr.Open(r"path_toshapefile.shp")
lyr = ds.GetLayer()

# Apply a SQL WHERE Clause
lyr.SetAttributeFilter("FIELD = 'Value'")

# Loop over features
for feature in lyr:
    # do stuff with features selected by attribute filter