SmartQuary V2

local function TurtleState()
    local x, y, z = 0, 0, 0
    local dir = "n"
    local path = "/data/turtleState.json"

    local function load()
        if not fs.exists("/data") then
            fs.makeDir("/data")
        end

        if fs.exists(path) then
            local file = fs.open(path, "r")
            local data = textutils.unserializeJSON(file.readAll())
            file.close()
            x = data.x or 0
            y = data.y or 0
            z = data.z or 0
            dir = data.dir or "n"
        end
    end

    local function save(newX, newY, newZ, newDir)
        x = newX or x
        y = newY or y
        z = newZ or z
        dir = newDir or dir

        local file = fs.open(path, "w")
        file.write(textutils.serializeJSON({
            x = x,
            y = y,
            z = z,
            dir = dir
        }))
        file.close()
    end

    local function get()
        return x, y, z, dir
    end

    load()

    return {
        load = load,
        save = save,
        get = get
    }
end

dirIndex = { n = 0, e = 1, s = 2, w = 3 }
dirNames = { "n", "e", "s", "w" }

turtleState = TurtleState()
x, y, z, dir = turtleState.get()

local function refuelAll(limit)
    if turtle.getFuelLevel() < limit then
        for i = 1, 16, 1 do
            turtle.select(i)
            turtle.refuel()
        end
    end
end

local function resetState()
    x, y, z, dir = 0, 0, 0, "n"
    turtleState.save(x, y, z, dir)
    print("Turtle state reset to 0, 0, 0, facing north.")
end

local function isOre(dir)
    local inspectFn

    if dir == "" or dir == "forward" then
        inspectFn = turtle.inspect
    elseif dir == "up" then
        inspectFn = turtle.inspectUp
    elseif dir == "down" then
        inspectFn = turtle.inspectDown
    else
        error("Invalid direction: expected '', 'forward', 'up', or 'down'", 2)
    end

    local success, data = inspectFn()
    if not success or not data.name then
        return false
    end

    local name = data.name

    local whiteList = {
        "ore", "resources", "basis_block_core", "blockmetal"
    }

    for _, good in ipairs(whiteList) do
        if name:find(good) then
            return true
        end
    end

    return false
end

local function isInventoryFull()
    for i = 1, 16 do
        if turtle.getItemCount(i) == 0 then
            return false
        end
    end
    return true
end

local function dumpInventory(dir)
    local dropFn

    if dir == "" or dir == "forward" then
        dropFn = turtle.drop
    elseif dir == "up" then
        dropFn = turtle.dropUp
    elseif dir == "down" then
        dropFn = turtle.dropDown
    else
        error("Invalid direction: must be '', 'up', or 'down'", 2)
    end

    for i = 1, 16 do
        turtle.select(i)
        dropFn()
    end

    turtle.select(1) -- Restore selection
end

local function SmartDig(dir)

    local digFunction, inspectFunction, attempts

    if dir == "" or dir == "forward" then
        digFunction = turtle.dig
        inspectFunction = turtle.inspect
    elseif dir == "up" then
        digFunction = turtle.digUp
        inspectFunction = turtle.inspectUp
    elseif dir == "down" then
        digFunction = turtle.digDown
        inspectFunction = turtle.inspectDown
    else
        error("Invalid direction: expected '', 'forward', 'up', or 'down'", 2)
    end

    attempts = 2

    local function DigFallingEntity()
        while digFunction() do
            os.sleep(0.5)
        end
    end

    local function DigNormal()
        digFunction()
    end

    while attempts > 0 do
        local success, data = inspectFunction()
        if not success then
            return
        end

        local name = data.name or ""
        if name:find("gravel") or name:find("sand") then
            DigFallingEntity()
        elseif name:find("turtle") or name:find("lava") or name:find("water") or name:find("bedrock") then
            return
        else
            DigNormal()
        end

        -- Check again in case something fell
        local again, newData = inspectFunction()

        if again then
            attempts = attempts - 1
        else
            return
        end
    end
end

local function forward()
    SmartDig("forward")

    if turtle.forward() then
        if dir == "n" then
            z = z - 1
        elseif dir == "s" then
            z = z + 1
        elseif dir == "e" then
            x = x + 1
        elseif dir == "w" then
            x = x - 1
        end

        turtleState.save(x, y, z, dir)
        return true
    end

    return false
end

local function back()
    if turtle.back() then
        if dir == "n" then
            z = z + 1
        elseif dir == "s" then
            z = z - 1
        elseif dir == "e" then
            x = x - 1
        elseif dir == "w" then
            x = x + 1
        end

        turtleState.save(x, y, z, dir)
        return true
    end

    return false
end

local function up()
    SmartDig("up")
    if turtle.up() then
        y = y + 1
        turtleState.save(x, y, z, dir)
        return true
    end

    return false
end

local function down()

    SmartDig("down")

    if turtle.down() then
        y = y - 1
        turtleState.save(x, y, z, dir)
        return true
    end

    return false
end

local function turnLeft()
    turtle.turnLeft()
    local idx = (dirIndex[dir] - 1) % 4
    dir = dirNames[idx + 1]
    turtleState.save(x, y, z, dir)
end

local function turnRight()
    turtle.turnRight()
    local idx = (dirIndex[dir] + 1) % 4
    dir = dirNames[idx + 1]
    turtleState.save(x, y, z, dir)
end

local function turnToDirection(desiredDir)
    if dir == desiredDir then return end

    local current = dirIndex[dir]
    local target = dirIndex[desiredDir]
    local diff = (target - current) % 4

    if diff == 1 then
        turnRight()
    elseif diff == 2 then
        turnRight()
        turnRight()
    elseif diff == 3 then
        turnLeft()
    end
end

local function moveToLocation(desiredX, desiredY, desiredZ)
    -- Move vertically first (Y axis)
    while y < desiredY do
        if not up() then return false end
    end
    while y > desiredY do
        if not down() then return false end
    end

    -- Move along X axis
    if desiredX > x then
        turnToDirection("e")
        while x < desiredX do
            if not forward() then return false end
        end
    elseif desiredX < x then
        turnToDirection("w")
        while x > desiredX do
            if not forward() then return false end
        end
    end

    -- Move along Z axis
    if desiredZ > z then
        turnToDirection("s")
        while z < desiredZ do
            if not forward() then return false end
        end
    elseif desiredZ < z then
        turnToDirection("n")
        while z > desiredZ do
            if not forward() then return false end
        end
    end

    return true
end

local function removeDataFromArray(array, data)
    local foundIndex = -1

    for i, v in ipairs(array) do
        if data == v then
            foundIndex = i
        end
    end

    if foundIndex ~= -1 then
        table.remove(array, foundIndex)
    end

end

local function doesArrayContain(array, data)
    for i, v in ipairs(array) do
        if data == v then
            return true
        end
    end

    return false
end

local function createPositionKey(x, y, z)
    return string.format("%d,%d,%d", x, y, z)
end

local function getPositionKeyWithDirection(relativeDir)
    local dx, dy, dz = 0, 0, 0

    if relativeDir == "up" then
        dy = 1
    elseif relativeDir == "down" then
        dy = -1
    elseif relativeDir == "forward" then
        if dir == "n" then dz = -1
        elseif dir == "s" then dz = 1
        elseif dir == "e" then dx = 1
        elseif dir == "w" then dx = -1 end
    elseif relativeDir == "back" then
        if dir == "n" then dz = 1
        elseif dir == "s" then dz = -1
        elseif dir == "e" then dx = -1
        elseif dir == "w" then dx = 1 end
    elseif relativeDir == "left" then
        if dir == "n" then dx = -1
        elseif dir == "s" then dx = 1
        elseif dir == "e" then dz = -1
        elseif dir == "w" then dz = 1 end
    elseif relativeDir == "right" then
        if dir == "n" then dx = 1
        elseif dir == "s" then dx = -1
        elseif dir == "e" then dz = 1
        elseif dir == "w" then dz = -1 end
    else
        error("Invalid direction for getPositionKeyWithDirection: " .. tostring(relativeDir))
    end

    return createPositionKey(x + dx, y + dy, z + dz)
end

local function smartMineOreVeinWorker(noOreDetected, oreDetected, backTrackLog)

    local targetPos = getPositionKeyWithDirection("forward")
    if not doesArrayContain(noOreDetected, targetPos) and not doesArrayContain(oreDetected, targetPos) then
        if isOre("forward") then
            table.insert(oreDetected, targetPos)
        else
            table.insert(noOreDetected, targetPos)
        end
    end

    targetPos = getPositionKeyWithDirection("down")
    if not doesArrayContain(noOreDetected, targetPos) and not doesArrayContain(oreDetected, targetPos) then
        if isOre("down") then
            table.insert(oreDetected, targetPos)
        else
            table.insert(noOreDetected, targetPos)
        end
    end

    targetPos = getPositionKeyWithDirection("up")
    if not doesArrayContain(noOreDetected, targetPos) and not doesArrayContain(oreDetected, targetPos) then
        if isOre("up") then
            table.insert(oreDetected, targetPos)
        else
            table.insert(noOreDetected, targetPos)
        end
    end

    targetPos = getPositionKeyWithDirection("right")
    if not doesArrayContain(noOreDetected, targetPos) and not doesArrayContain(oreDetected, targetPos) then
    turnRight()

        if isOre("forward") then
            table.insert(oreDetected, targetPos)
        else
            table.insert(noOreDetected, targetPos)
        end

    turnLeft()
    end

    targetPos = getPositionKeyWithDirection("left")
    if not doesArrayContain(noOreDetected, targetPos) and not doesArrayContain(oreDetected, targetPos) then
        turnLeft()

        if isOre("forward") then
            table.insert(oreDetected, targetPos)
        else
            table.insert(noOreDetected, targetPos)
        end

        turnRight()
    end




    -- Mine down if there is ore
    targetPos = getPositionKeyWithDirection("down")
    if doesArrayContain(oreDetected, targetPos) then

        if down() then
            table.insert(backTrackLog, "up")

            --remove ore and add to no ore list
            removeDataFromArray(oreDetected,targetPos)
            table.insert(noOreDetected, targetPos)

        else
            return false
        end
        smartMineOreVeinWorker(noOreDetected,oreDetected,backTrackLog)
    end

    -- Mine left if there is ore
    targetPos = getPositionKeyWithDirection("left")
    if doesArrayContain(oreDetected, targetPos) then
        turnLeft()
        table.insert(backTrackLog, "turnright")

        if forward() then
            table.insert(backTrackLog, "back")

            --remove ore and add to no ore list
            removeDataFromArray(oreDetected,targetPos)
            table.insert(noOreDetected, targetPos)

        else
            return false
        end
        smartMineOreVeinWorker(noOreDetected,oreDetected,backTrackLog)
    end

    -- Mine forward if there is ore
    targetPos = getPositionKeyWithDirection("forward")
    if doesArrayContain(oreDetected, targetPos) then
        if forward() then
            table.insert(backTrackLog, "back")

            --remove ore and add to no ore list
            removeDataFromArray(oreDetected,targetPos)
            table.insert(noOreDetected, targetPos)

        else
            return false
        end
        smartMineOreVeinWorker(noOreDetected,oreDetected,backTrackLog)
    end

    -- Mine right if there is ore
    targetPos = getPositionKeyWithDirection("right")
    if doesArrayContain(oreDetected, targetPos) then
        turnRight()
        table.insert(backTrackLog, "turnleft")

        if forward() then
            table.insert(backTrackLog, "back")

            --remove ore and add to no ore list
            removeDataFromArray(oreDetected,targetPos)
            table.insert(noOreDetected, targetPos)
        else
            return false
        end
        smartMineOreVeinWorker(noOreDetected,oreDetected,backTrackLog)
    end

    -- Mine up if there is ore
    targetPos = getPositionKeyWithDirection("up")
    if doesArrayContain(oreDetected, targetPos) then

        if up() then
            table.insert(backTrackLog, "down")

            --remove ore and add to no ore list
            removeDataFromArray(oreDetected,targetPos)
            table.insert(noOreDetected, targetPos)

        else
            return false
        end
        smartMineOreVeinWorker(noOreDetected,oreDetected,backTrackLog)
    end

    --no ores next to turtle need to backtrack if there are any ores left
    if #oreDetected > 0 and #backTrackLog > 0 then
        local action = table.remove(backTrackLog)

        --back tracked
        if action == "turnright" then
            turnRight()
        elseif action == "turnleft" then
            turnLeft()
        elseif action == "back" then
            back()
        elseif action == "down" then
            down()
        elseif action == "up" then
            up()
        end

            --check backtracked location
        smartMineOreVeinWorker(noOreDetected,oreDetected,backTrackLog)




    else
        return true
    end

end

local function smartMineOreVein()

    local noOreDetected = {}
    local oreDetected = {}
    local backTrackLog = {}

    local startXPos, startYPos, startZPos, startDir = x, y, z, dir
    smartMineOreVeinWorker(noOreDetected,oreDetected,backTrackLog, true)

    moveToLocation(startXPos,startYPos,startZPos)
    turnToDirection(startDir)
end

local function mineWellAndCollectOres()
    local startXPos, startYPos, startZPos = x, y, z

    while down() do
        for i = 1, 4, 1 do
            turnLeft()
            if isOre("forward") then
                smartMineOreVein()
            end
        end
    end

    moveToLocation(startXPos,startYPos,startZPos)
end

local function mineWellInGrid(width, depth)
    local wellLocations = {}
    local startXPos, startYPos, startZPos, startDir = x, y, z, dir

    -- Generate initial well positions
    for z = 0, -(depth - 1), -1 do
        for x = 0, (width - 1), 1 do
            if z % 4 == 0 and x % 4 == 0 then
                table.insert(wellLocations, {x, y, z}) -- assumes y is global
            end
        end
    end

    -- Duplicate with (2, 0, -2) offset
    local originalCount = #wellLocations
    for index = 1, originalCount do
        local loc = wellLocations[index]
        table.insert(wellLocations, {loc[1] + 2, loc[2], loc[3] - 2})
    end

    -- Remove locations out of bounds
    local i = 1
    while i <= #wellLocations do
        local x, _, z = table.unpack(wellLocations[i])
        if x < 0 or x >= width or math.abs(z) > depth then
            table.remove(wellLocations, i)
        else
            i = i + 1
        end
    end

    for i = 1, #wellLocations, 1 do

        moveToLocation(wellLocations[i][1], wellLocations[i][2], wellLocations[i][3])
        mineWellAndCollectOres()

        moveToLocation(startXPos,startYPos,startZPos)
        turnToDirection(startDir)

        turnLeft()
        turnLeft()

        refuelAll(2000)

        dumpInventory("forward")
    end
end

--go to starting location when loaded again
moveToLocation(0,0,0)
turnToDirection("n")

local args = { ... }

if not args[1] then
    print("Usage:")
    print("mine reset (Reset turtle origin point)")
    print("mine smartQuary <width> <depth> (Mine a grid of ore wells)")
    return

elseif args[1] == "reset" then
    resetState()
    return

elseif args[1] == "smartQuary" then
    local width = tonumber(args[2])
    local depth = tonumber(args[3])

    if width and depth then
        mineWellInGrid(width, depth)
    else
        print("Usage: mine smartQuary <width> <depth>")
        print("Example: mine smartQuary 16 20")
    end
    return

else
    print("Unknown subcommand: " .. tostring(args[1]))
    print("Use one of the following:")
    print("reset")
    print("smartQuary <width> <depth>")
    return
end