2019-07-15 Writing: complex sentences, time clauses

Greg Malivuk
gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all classes
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What is a sentence fragment? - A group of words that is missing something. A broken piece of a sentence.
- missing object: “I break.” (You break what?)
- missing subject: “Is very hot today.” (In English every verb needs a subject: “It is very hot.”)
- missing verb: “Three qualities of a good teacher.”
- missing independent clause: “As soon as I get home.” “When I want lunch.”
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p. 91 practice 10 - Which of these are fragments?
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Every sentence must have at least one independent clause.
Sentence Types:
simple sentence = one independent clause
compound sentence = two or more independent clauses
complex sentence = one independent clause and (at least) one dependent clause
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Dependent clauses must start with a subordinating conjunction or subordinator.
(Remember, compound sentences need coordinating conjunctions between the clauses.)
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subordinating conjunction examples: because, as soon as, when, after, before, if, unless, even though, although, until
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p. 88 - Make sure you understand the differences in meaning of these time subordinators.

I’ll call you after I get home. = I’ll call you sometime between when I get home and when I go to bed.
I’ll call you when I get home. = I’ll call you pretty soon, but I might change or use the bathroom first.
I’ll call you as soon as I get home. = I will call you at the same moment that I enter the door.

I’m at work before 5pm. = I’m usually at work before 5 and may sometimes work past 5.
I’m at work until 5pm. = I’m at work before 5, and then at 5 I leave.
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Note: We do not use future grammar in time clauses, even if the meaning is about the future.
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Comma Rules:
compound sentence = [independent clause], [coordinating conjunction] [independent clause].
complex sentence = [independent clause] [subordinator] [dependent clause]. (no comma)
		OR: [subordinator] [dependent clause], [independent clause]. (yes comma)
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Homework: p. 88-89 practice 8 - Underline each independent clause once and each dependent clause twice. Circle each time subordinator and add commas if needed.