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  1. I thought I would post this separately, as there has been a number posts questioning the food amounts and calories recommended on the PKD:
  2. First of all, I will preface this saying that the 0.66g/d of protein has been stated as a requirement, which means it is minimum. Members here are eating anywhere from this up to 1g/kg.
  3. The recommendations will also be different from people healing from disease (needs to be strict, and preferably consult with PM directly) and people who just want to feel better, lose weight or are highly active and/or involved in strenous exercise.
  4. I was given the following guidelines, but these were specific to me so read the following paragraph carefully!
  5. (I was around 95kg, 186cm, with around 10% bodyfat at the time, lifting weights 4x/week and my goal was both to heal intestinal permeability, reduce inflammation and joint pain, and improve my gym performance and muscle mass.)
  6. 500g of meat + 175g of added fat
  7. So you can see that in my case it was slightly above 1g/kg (1.05g to be specific), but that was what *I* needed to maintain.
  8. I now find that 90g protein also works fine, although some days I eat 120g of protein (eyeball measure, I don’t count or weigh my food anymore), and still register below 4 in glucose the next morning and ketones above 2.
  9. Fat is the main caloric lever I feel best and most satiated on, however.
  10. YOU should experiment and find what works for YOU, not spend time arguing on the Internet.
  11. Take morning, fasted blood glucose and ketones, measure bodyweight.Watch what happens over time, how you feel and what happens to bodycomposition (losing weight while losing fat should be fine, losing muscle beyond the initial water weight and inflammation is not).
  12. This process of self-monitoring is also more valuable than asking some random person on this forum what they are eating or what they think you should eat. Do a consult with PM if you are struggling to understand.
  13. General guidelines:
  14. 1. Ramp-up period: Irrespective of previous way of eating, animal fat and protein should be gradually increased, while not changing the components of the original diet.
  15. 2. First phase: Moving toward ketosis with 2:1 fat:protein ratio, eating to hunger and avoiding fasting. The target for ketones is 2-5 (minimum 1.5), fasting blood glucose below 4mmol/L. Length of this period: 2-5 days but can be more than that.
  16. 3. Second phase: Finding out the ideal amount of food for stabilizing weight (preventing weight loss), relying on daily bodyweight measurements. Bodyweight should be measured in the morning before breakfast (fasting). Stabilizing weight can take 2-3 weeks.
  17. The above points were for the dietary transfer, and does not equal optimizing performance (for sports or weightlifting)!
  18. 4. Optimizing performance (or increasing stamina, or increasing muscle mass): In point 3. you have already found out what amount of food is needed maintain weight (prevent weight loss). When optimizing performance there will be a need to add a certain amount of food on the top of this. But this "added" food should contain fat:protein in the ratio of 3:1.
  19. Optimizing performance takes at least 6-8 weeks or even more.
  20. Vitamins should be covered only from organ meats of grazing animals.
  21. It is better not to eat eggs. If eating eggs, it should be coming from organic source.
  22. Tea and alcohol is not compatible with point 4. (optimizing performance). Coffee may not be compatible either with point 4. Some coffee is fine.
  23. The only acceptable carbohydrate is honey (in limited amounts of course).
  24. Acceptable vegetables:
  25. From organic source otherwise, vegetables can accumulate pesticides and nitrates:
  26. carrot, turnip, cabbage, kale, celery, Brussel sprouts, broccoli, cauliflower, cucumber, mushroom, lettuce, radish, parsnip, beetroot
  27. Jumping in and out of ketosis is not allowable in point 4 (optimizing performance). At this point a sustained ketosis is needed.
  28. Now for the main point, about caloric needs:
  29. I think the main confusion lies in trying to figure all of this out through calories in - calories out. And this is based off of protein having 4kcal/g, carbs having the same, and fats having 9kcal/g.
  30. Problem is that those numbers don’t really add up in the real world - they’re derived from algorithms on average people living average lives eating average foods (whatever that may be).
  31. To illustrate - it’s been shown that people who eat high amounts of protein just seem to be able to eat more calories than someone with a more balanced intake. This is due to the thermic effect of metabolizing protein (dietary induced thermogenesis - DIT), which can be on the order of 25-30% vs fats and carbs with 1-3%.
  32. When you eat large amounts of fiber, the body won’t have access to all of the calories - and the math doesn’t seem to add up. I.e. nuts providing about 70% of the calories of what they provide when measured by bomb calorimetry. There are 70kg vegans eating 4000-4500kcals and not gaining weight, even if they’re not particularly active (but still being constantly hungry and showing clear signs of undernourishment).
  33. It’s even been shown that eating larger meals early in the day increases DIT vs eating larger meals late in the day: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32073608/
  34. Deep ketosis has been less well studies, but there are a few NuSI studies by Kevin Hall et al. showing that there may be something going on (the studies are of too short duration to be meaningful IMO) where ketogenic states burn different amounts of calories than carb-based diets.
  35. Case in point: I normally maintain my bodyweight at 2800kcals or so on a normal carb-based diet.
  36. On PKD I’m eating around 2200kcals and maintaining (BW around 90kg), after the 2-3 week adaptation period (now going on 3 months).
  37. It has been stated in several interviews and shown with a nifty table that fats in the ketogenic state provide 2.5-3x more ATP than a glucose-based metabolism, and this may be the very explanation why the detailed calculations you are looking for don’t make any sense - you are stuck on a measure of energy (calories) that is confounded by multiple variables - which is why PM insists on eating the proper ratio with the proper foods and an amount that stabilizes the weight (the very definition of maintenance "calories").
  38. Hope that makes sense.
  39. We are all in this together - to learn how to eat a diet that will keep is healthy and thriving, even if some of the mainstream advice doesn’t agree with it I think there are too many cases of the aforementioned healing and thriving to give it an honest shot before asking critical questions on the validity of it.
  40.  
  41. ---
  42. Additional comments and remarks
  43. Most who switch from a typical Western diet to a ketogenic diet requires 1-2 weeks to adapt. The transition from a carnivore or "regular" ketogenic diet to PKD takes 2-5 days, as mentioned in the post.
  44. --------------
  45. These are instructions provided to me, and you would obviously have to take into account whether you still have fat to lose, your glycogen stores etc. This is why it says "2-5 days" for this phase, but it can take more. I was already at a low bodyfat%. Someone overweight will probably keep losing weight, but should still eat according to hunger while following the ratios. Most will already understand how satiating this diet is.
  46.  
  47. The metabolic slowdown can happen, but thyroid function is optimized, so following the guidelines should already account for whatever regulation may happen.
  48.  
  49. Yes, if fasting glucose begins to increase (and I would look at trend over time, not single day measurements), you should drop protein and increase fats.
  50. --------------
  51. First off, I couldn’t possibly account for every situation that people will be in when they go on the diet. So your lack of weight loss is an outlier, probably 98% do lose weight.
  52.  
  53. Now, as for losing weight - are you sure that it is healthy for you to lose those 10lbs at the moment? And why 10lbs, not 9lbs or 11lbs?
  54.  
  55. I see this all the time in my clients, they have this predetermined weight goal in their mind, and it may or may not be what actually looks good on them (as muscle and fat have different densities, and water weight isn’t tissue - it’s stored in tissues).
  56.  
  57. Also, as I have stated before in this group - fat is protective, so trouble losing it may be because your body is still under stress, inflammation or diseased - so you should first of all focus on getting healthy and nourished, then the weight will often come off by itself, in due course. This is one of the primary reasons why those who focus on the weight loss often fail (the weight loss statistics reflect this, barely 5% manage to maintain a 10% weight loss over a year), whereas those who focus on health will succeed because they are incorporating better habits and lifestyle practices that will eventually lead to the body shedding its protective layer.
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