import java.util.Scanner;
class Assignment18{
    char mat[][];
    int row, col;

    Assignment18(int row, int col){
		mat = new char[this.row = row][this.col = col];
    }

    void input(){
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("Input the elements of the array");
        for(int i = 0; i < row; i++){
            for(int j = 0; j < col; j++){
                System.out.printf("mat[%d][%d] = ", i, j);
                mat[i][j] = sc.nextLine().charAt(0);
            }
        }
	}

	void generateMatrix(){
		char curr_ch = (char) 0;
		for(int i = 0; i < row; i++){
			for(int j = 0; j < col; j++){
				mat[i][j] = curr_ch;
				curr_ch += 1;
			}
		}
	}

	void leftShift(){
		for(int i = 0; i < row; i++){
			// Perform left shift on ith row
			for(int j = 0; j < col - 1; j++){
				char temp = mat[i][j];
				mat[i][j] = mat[i][j + 1];
				mat[i][j + 1] = temp;
			}
		}
	}

	void rightShift(){
		for(int i = 0; i < row; i++){
			// Perform right shift on ith row
			for(int j = col - 1; j >= 1; j--){
				char temp = mat[i][j];
				mat[i][j] = mat[i][j - 1];
				mat[i][j - 1] = temp;
			}
		}
	}

	void upShift(){
		for(int j = 0; j < col; j++){
			// Perform upshift on jth column
			for(int i = 0; i < row - 1; i++){
				char temp = mat[i][j];
				mat[i][j] = mat[i + 1][j];
				mat[i + 1][j] = temp;
			}
		}
	}

	void downShift(){
		for(int j = 0; j < col; j++){
			// Perform upshift on jth column
			for(int i = row - 1; i >= 1; i--){
				char temp = mat[i][j];
				mat[i][j] = mat[i - 1][j];
				mat[i - 1][j] = temp;
			}
		}
	}

	void allDiagonalShift(){
		// Left Diagonal Shift
		int half = row / 2;
		for(int i = 0; i < half; i++){
			char temp = mat[i][i];
			mat[i][i] = mat[col - 1 - i][col - 1 - i];
			mat[col - 1 - i][col - 1 - i] = temp;
		}

		// Right Diagonal Shift
		int index = 0;
		for(int i = col - 1; i >= half; i--){
			char temp = mat[index][i];
			mat[index][i] = mat[i][index];
			mat[i][index] = temp;
			index++;
		}
	}

	char[] getCycle(char mat[][], int r_left, int c_left){
		int row = mat.length;
		int col = mat[0].length;

		char boundary[] = new char[(2 * col) + (2 * row) - 4];
		int curr_r = r_left, curr_c = c_left, index = 0;

		// Right
		for(int i = 0; i < col; i++){
			boundary[index] = mat[curr_r][i];
			index++;
		}
		// Down
		for(int i = 1; i < row; i++){
			boundary[index] = mat[i][col - 1];
			index++;
		}
		// Left
		for(int i = col - 2; i >= 0; i--){
			boundary[index] = mat[row - 1][i];
			index++;
		}
		// Up
		for(int i = row - 2; i >= 1; i--){
			boundary[index] = mat[i][curr_c];
			index++;
		}
		return boundary;
	}

	char[] getCycle(int cycle_num){
		char temp[] = new char[row * col];
		int curr_r = cycle_num - 1, curr_c = cycle_num - 1, index = 0;
		int max_row = row - curr_r, max_col = col - curr_c;

		// Right
		for(int i = curr_c; i < max_col; i++){
			temp[index] = mat[curr_r][i];
			index++;
		}
		// Down
		for(int i = curr_r + 1; i < max_row; i++){
			temp[index] = mat[i][max_col - 1];
			index++;
		}
		// Left
		for(int i = max_col - 2; i >= curr_c; i--){
			temp[index] = mat[max_row - 1][i];
			index++;
		}
		// Up
		for(int i = max_row - 2; i >= curr_r + 1; i--){
			temp[index] = mat[i][curr_c];
			index++;
		}

		char boundary[] = new char[index];
		// Copying content from temp to boundary
		for(int i = 0; i < index; i++){
			boundary[i] = temp[i];
		}

		return boundary;
	}

	void insertCircular(char boundary[], int cycle_num){
		int curr_r = cycle_num - 1, curr_c = cycle_num - 1, index = 0;
		int max_row = row - curr_r, max_col = col - curr_c;

		// Right
		for(int i = curr_c; i < max_col; i++){
			mat[curr_r][i] = boundary[index];
			index++;
		}
		// Down
		for(int i = curr_r + 1; i < max_row; i++){
			mat[i][max_col - 1] = boundary[index];
			index++;
		}
		// Left
		for(int i = max_col - 2; i >= curr_c; i--){
			mat[max_row - 1][i] = boundary[index];
			index++;
		}
		// Up
		for(int i = max_row - 2; i >= curr_r + 1; i--){
			mat[i][curr_c] = boundary[index];
			index++;
		}
	}

	void cyclingShift(int cycle_num){
		char boundary[] = getCycle(cycle_num);

		if(cycle_num % 2 == 1){
			// Clockwise Shift
			for(int i = boundary.length - 1; i >= 1; i--){
				char temp = boundary[i];
				boundary[i] = boundary[i - 1];
				boundary[i - 1] = temp;
			}
		}
		else{
			// Anti-Clockwise Shift
			for(int i = 0; i < boundary.length - 1; i++){
				char temp = boundary[i];
				boundary[i] = boundary[i + 1];
				boundary[i + 1] = temp;
			}
		}

		insertCircular(boundary, cycle_num);
	}

	void cyclingShift(){
		int half = row / 2;
		for(int cycle_num = 1; cycle_num <= half; cycle_num++){
			cyclingShift(cycle_num);
		}
	}

	void display(){
		for(int i = 0; i < row; i++){
			for(int j = 0; j < col; j++){
				System.out.print(mat[i][j] + "\t");
			}
			System.out.println();
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[]args){
		Assignment18 obj = new Assignment18(5, 5);

		obj.input();
		System.out.println("Before");
		obj.display();
		obj.leftShift();
		System.out.println("\nAfter Left Shift");
		obj.display();
		obj.upShift();
		System.out.println("\nAfter Up Shift");
		obj.display();
		obj.rightShift();
		System.out.println("\nAfter Right Shift");
		obj.display();
		obj.downShift();
		System.out.println("\nAfter Down Shift");
		obj.display();
		obj.allDiagonalShift();
		System.out.println("\nAfter All Diagonal Shift");
		obj.display();
		obj.cyclingShift();
		System.out.println("\nAfter All Cycling Shifts");
		obj.display();
	}
}