2015-10-24 Saturday: 12 Experts

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
“2015-10-17 Saturday: 11 Connections”
This is the same level and book as the “Core” class.
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Homework: p. 134 parts 2, 3, and 4 about the article on p. 135, and write a report about a first contact experience (with an uncontacted tribe or with aliens, whichever you prefer).
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p. 134 part 2
the printing press - a way to more quickly print books (previously someone had to write it by hand to copy a book)
connecting tools - types of technology we can use to communicate (printing press, phone, telegraph, TV, etc.)
digital communication - communication through computers
social networking - the way people connect on social websites like Facebook and Twitter
digital media - the ways that we connect and share information digitally
new media - the new ways we connect and share information (opposed to “traditional media” like newspapers, TV, and radio, including the websites for newspapers and stations)
part 3
1 b
2 a
3 b
4 a
part 4
1 can change
2 might not have
3 have not started
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p. 141 - The man uses birds to fish. How do you think he does this?
What other animals do we use to help us with things they are better at?
dogs and birds for hunting
dogs to herd sheep and cows
dogs to find people, drugs, bombs, etc.
dogs to assist people with disabilities (service dogs)
(service horses also exist)
horses, donkeys, mules, camels, oxen, goats, elephants, and dogs to transport people and stuff
horses, dolphins, dogs, and cats as therapy animals
horses and oxen to help plow farm fields
bees for honey and wax and for pollinating plants
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p. 142 - what does it mean to say “in the field”?
part 1 - what is the purpose of each of these things to help with field work?
read the descriptions of Emma and Beth
part 4 - listen to their stories and choose which words from the box are used in each one
part 6 - listen again and answer the questions
p. 143 part 7 - Which woman probably said these things?
1 Emma
2 Beth
3 Beth
4 Emma
5 Beth
6 Emma
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We should have taken more repellant. = It was a good idea, but we didn’t do it.
We shouldn’t have put our tents in that spot. = It wasn’t a good idea, but we did it anyway.

We could have been killed. = We might have been killed. = It was possible, but it didn’t happen.

I might not have woken up. = It was possible not to wake up, but (luckily) I did.

We couldn’t have avoided the insects. = It wasn’t possible. (We could have done many different things, but none of them would have worked.)
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He might have called, but I don’t know because I can’t find my phone. = He could have called, but…
= Maybe this really happened, but I’m not sure.

He couldn’t have called. I had my phone on me the whole time and it never rang.
= He definitely didn’t call. I know it’s impossible.
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part 10 - complete the paragraph with should(n’t) have and could(n’t) have
1 shouldn’t have eaten
2 couldn’t have felt
3 should have had
4 should have taken
5 could have died
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part 12 - Think of a time you tried to do one of the things in the box, but it didn’t go well. Tell your partners what happened, and your partners will give advice about what you should have or shouldn’t have done instead.
“I told you so.”

You can hedge your advice if you also tell the person what problems it might have.
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p. 144 - What do you know about conditions in the Arctic?
Read about failed expeditions to find a Northwest Passage.
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BREAK
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p. 145 part 5
1 If they had learned to build igloos, the explorers would have been warm.
  = They didn’t learn to build igloos, so the explorers were not warm.
2 Parry’s men wouldn’t have been as healthy if they hadn’t eaten the salads.
  = Parry’s men were healthy because they ate the salads.
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Third Conditional = Past unreal conditional (it’s about things that didn’t really happen that way)
if + [past perfect], would/could/might + have + past participle

(Second conditional: if + [past simple], would/could/might + base form)

If they had built igloos, they would have survived. = I’m sure igloos would have saved them.
If they had built igloos, they might have survived. = I’m not sure, but it would have been possible.

If you had told me, I would have helped. = I didn’t help because you didn’t tell me. I definitely would have.
If you had told me, I could have helped. = I couldn’t help because you didn’t tell me. I would have been able to.
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part 8 - use past unreal conditionals to write sentences about each situation
2 If they had used dogs to pull their sleds, they would have been less exhausted.
3 If the men had taken only essential items, the sleds wouldn’t have been so heavy.
4 If they had eaten Inuit food, they might not have gotten scurvy.
5 If they had known their canned food was poisonous, they wouldn’t have become ill.
6 If they had asked local people, they would have known that the Arctic Ocean could/can freeze.
  (If they had known that the Arctic ocean could freeze, they might not have gotten stuck in the ice.)
7 If they had followed local customs, the expeditions might have been successful.

if + [past perfect], would/could/might + have + past participle

would/could/might + have + past participle + if + [past perfect] (no comma)
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“If they had taken essential items” = they did not take essential items (they were missing some important things)
“If they had taken only essential items” = they didn’t take only essentials (they also took some other things)
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In your group, use the Internet to become an “expert” on your topic in 15 minutes.
Ask the other groups questions and decide if you believe them.
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NO CLASS November 28 (Thanksgiving Break)
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p. 138 - Watch the video about crossing Antarctica. Why did the women do it? Does it seem like an interesting thing for you to try?
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Homework: units 11 and 12 tests (you do not need to write)