# Video lecture, Collections
print("Welcome!")

# collection of products
products = ['Washing machine', 'Coffee maker', 'Freezer', 'Vacuum cleaner']

# you can just get a single variable by accessing a certain index
test = products[2]
print(test)

# ask user for a integer
choice = input("Which product would you like to see?\n")
choice = int(choice)

# check that the user gave a proper index (less than the amount of products)
if choice < len(products) and choice >= 0:
    # or we can also ask this from the user and place it as index
    first = products[choice]
    print(first)
else:
    print("Bad index! Product doesn't exist!")

# NEW FILE
products = ['Washing machine', 'Coffee maker', 'Freezer', 'Vacuum cleaner']

# looping through all products and printing one name at a time
for p in products:
    print(p)

# NEW FILE

products = ['Washing machine', 'Coffee maker', 'Freezer', 'Vacuum cleaner']

# get the number of products
amount = len(products)

# process each product one at a time
for index in range(amount):
    # index only contains the index number, not the value of the product
    # print(index)
    p = products[index]
    # print(p)

    # we can now combine both the index and the product!
    # here a numbered list from 1 to 4
    print(f"{index + 1}. {p}")

# NEW FILE
# a tuple, just like list, but can't be changed afterwards
weekdays = ("Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday", "Sunday")

# tuples can't be changed afterwards (TypeError)
# weekdays[2] = "Someday"

# ask from user and reduce 1 so numbers and days match
# for example 3 = Wednesday
choice = input("Which day would you like to see?\n")
choice = int(choice) - 1

print(weekdays[choice])

# NEW FILE
# a dictionary is a "variable" containing
# other variables related to each other
# for example, one person
person = {
    "name": "Test Person",
    "age": 31,
    "location": "Rovaniemi"
}

# getting data from dictionary
print("Your name:")
print(person["name"])
print()

# ... or the age, another way.
person_age = person['age']
print("Your age:")
print(f"{person_age} years old.")

# NEW FILE
products = ['Washing machine', 'Coffee maker', 'Freezer', 'Vacuum cleaner']

# changing a certain product with index
products[1] = "CHANGED PRODUCT"

print(products)

# ask user for the index instead
choice = input("Which product to change?\n")
choice = int(choice)

# ask user for the new product for the previous index
new_product = input("What is the new product?\n")

products[choice] = new_product

print(products)

# NEW FILE

# three day's temperature data
day_1 = [13.5, 12.8, 11.9, 6.8]
day_2 = [11.6, 11.7, 8.4, 7.5]
day_3 = [12.5, 9.5, 10.3, 8.1]

# add all days into one list
all_days = [day_1, day_2, day_3]

# because we have a list of lists
# we need a for-loop inside a for-oop
# go through each day
for day in all_days:
    print("NEW DAY!")

    # go through each temperature of one day at a time
    for temperature in day:
        print(temperature)

# NEW FILE

# dictionary in dictionary

book = {
    "name": "My Lady Jane",
    "year": 2016,
    "publisher": {
        "name": "HarperTeen",
        "organization": "HarperCollins Publishers",
        "location": "New York"
    }
}

# getting the book name
print(book['name'])

# getting the publisher, then gettin the location of publisher
publisher = book['publisher']
print(publisher['location'])

# we can also get everything with one code line
print(book['publisher']['location'])

# NEW FILE
# string variable containing three pieces of data
# separated by underscode
# in one of the exercises, you can just put this
# in a for-loop!
text = "ORDER2327_C5162_2021"

# split into a list by underscore
parts = text.split("_")
print(parts)

# get the data into separate variables
order = parts[0]
client = parts[1]
year = parts[2]

print(order)
print(client)
print(year)

# NEW FILE
# append is useful, here we filter
# short and long city names in two
# seperate lists!

# cities
cities = ["rovaniemi", "oulu", "helsinki", "stockholm", "madrid", "oslo"]

# intiialize "empty buckets" or lists for short and long city names
short_city_names = []
long_city_names = []

# go through cities and filter them into short and long city names
for city in cities:
    # less or equal to 6 characters long
    if len(city) <= 6:
        short_city_names.append(city)
    else:
        long_city_names.append(city)


print(short_city_names)
print(long_city_names)

# NEW FILE
# cities
cities = ["rovaniemi", "helsinki", "stockholm", "oulu", "madrid", "oslo"]



# break can be used to end the loop earlier
# if some condition is met
for city in cities:
    # less or equal to 6 characters long
    if len(city) <= 6:
        # short city name, quit the loop
        break
    else:
        # otherwise print city name
        print(city)

# continue can be used to skip a turn if needed
for city in cities:
    # less or equal to 6 characters long
    if len(city) <= 6:
        # short city name, skip this cycle
        continue
    else:
        # otherwise print city name
        print(city)


# NEW FILE
# sometimes using collections allow you to
# use powerful collection functions
# for example, average of numbers
# notice, we don't need a loop this way!
grades = [5, 7, 5, 6, 9, 8, 6, 10]

# get sum + amount
total = sum(grades)
amount = len(grades)

# average = total sum / number of elements
average = total / amount
print("The average is:")
print(average)

# NEW FILE
cities = ["Rovaniemi", "helsinki", "London", "Madrid", "Rome"]

# default way of sorting
# doesn't work correctly if some words
# start with capital and some with lowercase letters
# sorted_cities = sorted(cities)
# print(sorted_cities)

# a trick by using a lambda function
# before comparing cities to each other
# change the city names CAPITAL
cities.sort(key=lambda v: v.upper())

print(cities)