digraph "Programming Languge Timeline Chat" {
    rank=same;
    rankdir=LR;

    {rank=same; FlowMatic; Fortran; Lisp; Algol58;}
    FlowMatic [label = "FLOW-MATIC (1955)"]
    Fortran [label="\N (1957)"]
    Lisp [label="\N (1959)"]
    Algol58 [label="ALGOL 58 (1958)"]
    Fortran -> Algol58

    {rank=same; Cobol; Algol60; Basic}
    Cobol [label="COBOL (1960)"]
    Algol60 [label="ALGOL 60 (1960)"]
    Basic [label="\N (1964)"]
    FlowMatic -> Cobol
    Algol58 -> Algol60

    {rank=same; Apl; Bcpl; B; Simula}
    Apl [label="APL (1966)"]
    Bcpl [label="BCPL (1967)"]
    B [label="\N (1969)"]
    Simula [label="\N (1967)"]
    Algol60 -> Bcpl
    Fortran -> Basic
    Bcpl -> B
    Algol60 -> Simula

    {rank=same; Forth; Pascal; Smalltalk; C; Prolog; Sql; Ml}
    Forth [label="\N (1970)"]
    Pascal [label="\N (1970)"]
    Smalltalk [label="\N (1972)"]
    C [label="\N (1972)"]
    Prolog [label="\N (1972)"]
    Sql [label="SQL (1972)"]
    Ml [label="ML (1973)"]
    Algol60 -> Pascal
    Simula -> Smalltalk
    B -> C

    {rank=same; Modula; Scheme; Sh; Matlab; TiBasic; Abc; Awk}
    Modula [label="\N (1975)"]
    Scheme [label="\N (1975)"]
    Sh [label="Bourne Shell (1977)"]
    Matlab [label="\N (1978)"]
    TiBasic [label="TI Basic (1979)"]
    Abc [label="ABC (1975)"]
    Awk [label="AWK (1979)"]
    Pascal -> Modula
    Lisp -> Scheme
    Basic -> TiBasic
    C -> Abc [style="dotted"]
    Basic -> Abc [style="dotted"]
    C -> Awk

    {rank=same Cpp; ObjC; CommonLisp;}
    Cpp [label="C++ (1983)"]
    ObjC [label="Objective-C (1983)"]
    CommonLisp [label="Common Lisp (1984)"]
    C -> Cpp
    C -> ObjC
    Smalltalk -> ObjC [style="dashed"]
    Modula -> CommonLisp [style="invis"]
    Lisp -> CommonLisp

    {rank=same; Erlang; Mathematica; Bash; Miranda; Perl}
    Erlang [label="\N (1986)"]
    Mathematica [label="\N (1987)"]
    Bash [label="\N (1989)"]
    Miranda [label="\N (1986)"]
    Perl [label="\N (1987)"]
    Prolog -> Erlang
    Lisp -> Mathematica [style="dashed"]
    Sh -> Bash
    Sh -> Perl [style="dashed"]
    C -> Perl
    Awk -> Perl
    Ml -> Miranda [style="dashed"]
    Cpp -> Perl [style="invis"]

    {rank=same; Haskell; J; Python; Vb; Lua}
    Haskell [label="\N (1990)"]
    J [label="\N (1990)"]
    Python [label="\N (1991)"]
    Vb [label="Visual Basic (1991)"]
    Lua [label="\N (1993)"]
    Miranda -> Haskell
    Apl -> J
    Abc -> Python
    C -> Python
    Basic -> Vb
    Cpp -> Lua
    Modula -> Lua
    Scheme -> Lua [style="dashed"]

    {rank=same; Java; Php; Ruby; JavaScript; Racket; Ocaml}
    Java [label="\N (1995)"]
    Php [label="PHP (1995)"]
    Ruby [label="\N (1995)"]
    JavaScript [label="\N (1995)"]
    Racket [label="\N (1995)"]
    Ocaml [label="OCaml (1996)"]
    Cpp -> Java
    Smalltalk -> Java
    ObjC -> Java
    Perl -> Php
    Perl -> Ruby
    Smalltalk -> Ruby [style="dashed"]
    C -> JavaScript
    Scheme -> Racket
    Ml -> Ocaml
    Python -> JavaScript [style="invis"]

    {rank=same; Cs; Scala; Factor; Groovy}
    Cs [label="C# (2000)"]
    Scala [label="\N (2003)"]
    Factor [label="\N (2003)"]
    Groovy [label="\N (2004)"]
    Java -> Cs
    C -> Cs
    Cpp -> Cs
    Java -> Scala
    Haskell -> Scala
    Ocaml -> Scala
    Forth -> Factor
    Java -> Groovy

    {rank=same; Clojure; Go; GolfScript}
    Clojure [label="\N (2007)"]
    Go [label="\N (2009)"]
    GolfScript [label="\N (2007)" color="red"]
    Lisp -> Clojure
    Java -> Clojure [style="dashed"]
    C -> Go
    Java -> GolfScript [style="dashed"]
    Scala -> Clojure [style="invis"]

    {rank=same; Rust; Kotlin; Elixir; TypeScript; Julia; Swift; Pyth}
    Rust [label="\N (2010)"]
    Kotlin [label="\N (2011)"]
    Elixir [label="\N (2012)"]
    TypeScript [label="\N (2012)"]
    Julia [label="\N (2012)"]
    Swift [label="\N (2014)"]
    Pyth [label="\N (2014)" color="green"]
    C -> Rust
    Erlang -> Rust
    Java -> Kotlin
    Scala -> Kotlin
    Groovy -> Kotlin
    Erlang -> Elixir
    Ruby -> Elixir
    Clojure -> Elixir [style="dashed"]
    JavaScript -> TypeScript
    Matlab -> Julia
    Mathematica -> Julia
    Ruby -> Julia
    Perl -> Julia [style="dashed"]
    CommonLisp -> Julia
    Python -> Julia
    ObjC -> Swift
    Python -> Swift
    Python -> Pyth

    {rank=same; Raku; CJam; Husk; Matl; Brachylog; Jelly; Keg; Pip; Osabie;
    Charcoal; Jolf; Japt; Ohm;}
    Raku [label="\N (2015)"]
    CJam [label="\N (2015)" color="green"]
    Brachylog [label="\N (2015)" color="green"]
    Husk [label="\N (2017)" color="blue"]
    Jelly [label="\N (2015)" color="blue"]
    Keg [label="\N (2018)" color="blue"]
    Matl [label="MATL (2015)" color="green"]
    Pip [label="\N (2015)" color="green"]
    Osabie [label="05AB1E (2015)" color="blue"]
    Charcoal [label="\N (2016)" color="blue"]
    Jolf [label="\N (2015)" color="blue"]
    Japt [label="\N (2015)" color="blue"]
    Ohm [label="\N (2017)" color="blue"]
    Perl -> Raku
    GolfScript -> CJam
    Haskell -> Husk
    Matlab -> Matl
    Prolog -> Brachylog
    J -> Jelly
    Python -> Pip [style="dashed"]
    Php -> Pip [style="dashed"]
    Perl -> Pip [style="dashed"]
    Elixir -> Osabie [style="dashed"]
    Mathematica -> Charcoal
    JavaScript -> Jolf
    Jolf -> Japt
    JavaScript -> Japt
    Pyth -> Japt
    Jelly -> Ohm
    Osabie -> Ohm
    Swift -> Raku [style="invis"]

    {rank=same; Vyxal; Fig; Nibbles; Hbl; Arn; Risky; Flax}
    Vyxal [label="\N (2020)" color="blue"]
    Arn [label="\N (2020)" color="blue"]
    Nibbles [label="\N (2021)" color="purple"]
    Risky [label="\N (2021)" color="purple"]
    Hbl [label="HBL (2021)" color="purple"]
    Fig [label="\N (2022)" color="purple"]
    Flax [label="\N (2020)" color="blue"]
    Keg -> Vyxal
    Python -> Vyxal
    Clojure -> Fig
    Lisp -> Hbl
    J -> Arn
    Apl -> Arn
    Jelly -> Flax
    Vyxal -> Fig [style="dashed"]
    Husk -> Fig [style="dashed"]
    GolfScript -> Nibbles
    Risky -> Hbl [style="dashed"]
}