/*
description:     Rain Gauge with arduino with serial monitoring
                 Reports the daily-rain and rain-in-last-hour in inches
*/

#include "RTClib.h"
#include <Wire.h>
#define RainPin 12                         // The Rain input is connected to digital pin 2 on the arduino


bool bucketPositionA = false;             // one of the two positions of tipping-bucket
const double bucketAmount = 0.053;        // 0.053 inches atau 1.346 mm of rain equivalent of ml to trip tipping-bucket

//note:
//diketahui bahwa 1 inchi = 2.54 cm
//diketahui bahwa 1 tip sensor ini = 2.6 mL
//maka 0.053 inchi of rain didapat dari:
//panjang rain collector = 5.4 cm atau 2.126 inchi
//lebar rain collector = 3.6 cm atau 1.417 inchi
//luas=pxl -> 2.16 inchi x 1.417 inchi = 3.012 inchi persegi
//U.S. measures rain in inches so it would be 3.012 inchi kubik
//lalu dikonversi dari inchi kubik mjd mL dan didapat bahwa 3.012 inchi kubik = 49.358 mL
//yg artinya 1 inchi of rain = 49.358 mL
//sehingga 1 tip sensor ini mewakili 2.6 mL/49.358 mL = 0.053 inchi of rain

double dailyRain = 0.0;                   // rain accumulated for the day
double hourlyRain = 0.0;                  // rain accumulated for one hour
double dailyRain_till_LastHour = 0.0;     // rain accumulated for the day till the last hour
bool first;                               // as we want readings of the (MHz) loops only at the 0th moment

RTC_Millis rtc;                           // software RTC time


void setup(void) {
  Serial.begin(9600);                            // start the serial port
  rtc.begin(DateTime(_DATE, __TIME_));       // start the RTC
  pinMode(RainPin, INPUT);                       // set the Rain Pin as input.
  delay(4000);                                   // wait the serial monitor
  Serial.println("Rain Gauge Ready !!");         // rain gauge measured per 1 hour
  Serial.println("execute calculations once per hour !!");
}


void loop(void){
  DateTime now = rtc.now();

  // ++++++++++++++++++++++++ Count the bucket tips ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  if ((bucketPositionA==false)&&(digitalRead(RainPin)==LOW)){
    bucketPositionA=true;
    dailyRain+=bucketAmount;                               // update the daily rain
  }

  if ((bucketPositionA==true)&&(digitalRead(RainPin)==HIGH)){
    bucketPositionA=false;
  }
  // +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

  if(now.minute() != 0){
    first = true;
    //Serial.println("the fuck");// after the first minute is over, be ready for next read
  }

  if(first == true){

    hourlyRain = dailyRain - dailyRain_till_LastHour;      // calculate the last hour's rain
    dailyRain_till_LastHour = dailyRain;                   // update the rain till last hour for next calculation

    // fancy display for humans to comprehend
    Serial.println();
    Serial.print(now.minute());
    Serial.print(":");
    Serial.print(now.second());
    Serial.print(":  Total Rain for the day = ");
    Serial.print(dailyRain,3);                            // the '3' ensures the required accuracy digit dibelakang koma
    Serial.print(" inches atau ");
    Serial.print(dailyRain*2.54*10,3);
    Serial.println(" mm");
    Serial.println();
    Serial.print("     :  Rain in last hour = ");
    Serial.print(hourlyRain,3);
    Serial.print(" inches atau ");
    Serial.print(hourlyRain*2.54*10,3);
    Serial.println(" mm");
    Serial.println();

    first = false;                                        // execute calculations only once per hour
  }

  if(now.minute()== 0) {
    dailyRain = 0.0;                                      // clear daily-rain at midnight
    dailyRain_till_LastHour = 0.0;                        // we do not want negative rain at 01:00
  }
}