#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

void AddToCount()
{
    static int count = 0;
    count++;
    cout << count << endl;
}

class Item
{
public:
    Item()
    {
        cout << "An Item has been created!\n";
    }
    ~Item()
    {
        cout << "An Item has been destroyed!\n";
    }
protected:

private:
};

class Critter
{
public:
    // Must be initialized outside the class
    static int CritterCount;

    static void AnnounceCount()
    {
        cout << CritterCount << endl;
    }
};
int Critter::CritterCount = 0;


int main()
{
    // Will print '1' and '2'
    AddToCount();
    AddToCount();

    {
        // Item is created and destroyed because of scope
        // unless Item is declared 'static'
        static Item item;
    }

    // 'CritterCount' is accessible even though
    // no Critter object was instantiated
    // If Critter object were instantiated, 'CritterCount' value would be shared
    // among all Critter objects.
    Critter::CritterCount = 13;
    cout << Critter::CritterCount << endl;
    Critter::AnnounceCount();


    system("pause");
}