2017-09-30 Saturday: 3 Water

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
“2017-09-30 Saturday: 3 Water”
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p. 33 part 2 - With your partner, try to guess which numbers correctly complete each sentence.
1 70 (⅔ percent = 0.67%)
2 3
3 46
4 10
5 200
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What are some things you could do to use less water?
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p. 34 - What is happening (and where) in each of these pictures?
A - People are diving or snorkeling in the ocean.
B - They are rafting in a river.
C - He is swimming in a cenote.
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Vocabulary: water and recreation
p. 34 part 1 - With your partner, decide where the best place is to do each activity. Which activities have you done?
To specify that it’s in fast-moving water, we sometimes say “white water rafting”.
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parts 4 and 5 - Listen to the audio and answer the questions.
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Grammar: past continuous
The girl was rafting down the Zambezi.
He wasn’t concentrating on what he was doing.
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Form: was/were + verb(ing)
+	She was rafting.
- 	He wasn’t concentrating.
? y/n	Was she rafting?
	Yes, she was. / No, she wasn’t.
  info	Why was she rafting?
	(subject question: Who was swimming in the cenote?)
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Meaning: an action that was in progress at a specific time in the past
I was sleeping when the phone rang. (Probably the sleeping stopped when the phone rang.)
We were rafting when we saw a hippo. (The rafting didn’t stop when they saw the hippo.)
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- compared to simple past
I was eating dinner at 7 o’clock. = I was already in the middle of dinner at 7.
I ate dinner at 7 o’clock. = I started at 7.
(I had (already) eaten dinner at 7 o’clock. = I finished before 7.)
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Common conjunctions with simple past and past continuous:
I was sleeping when the phone rang.
The phone rang while I was sleeping. (“while” means something continued for a while)
I brought an umbrella because it was raining.
It was raining so I brought an umbrella. (A cause can be continuous, but effects are usually simple.)
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p. 35 part 10 - Complete the sentences with the correct forms of each verb and the correct conjunctions. (The conjunction goes where the slash ‘/’ is in each sentence.)
1 I was taking a photo of the hippo when I dropped my camera in the water.
2 My friend fell out of the raft because he wasn’t holding on. / because he didn’t hold on. (Simple past means there was a specific time when he needed to hold on but didn’t.)
3 I saw some strange fish while I was diving.
4 I was having some problems with my mask so my brother helped me.
	(This could be any combination of simple and continuous, with slightly different meanings.)
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Note: all the activities on p. 34 are “go” verbs - We usually say them with “go” for recreation:
We should go swimming tomorrow. I went kayaking yesterday. They’re going snorkeling later.
(Most “go” activities are things we do for fun or exercise while moving around. The exception is “bowling”.)
“I’m going to go swimming.” - CORRECT
“I’m going to swimming.” - WRONG
“I’m going swimming.” - CORRECT
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How much do you know about the Titanic? (The ship, not the movie.)
- It was huge. It was the biggest ship at that time.
- They didn’t put enough lifeboats on the ship.
- Titanic hit an iceberg and sank. (sink-sank-sunk = fall through water involuntarily)
- It happened in 1912.
- It was a fancy ship.
- It was going from England to the United States.
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p. 36 - Read the article “Return to the Titanic”
part 1 - Which of these questions go with each paragraph?
1 b
2 a
3 d
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BREAK
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Titanic timeline
1912 - The ship traveled and sank in the Atlantic.
1960s - Two US nuclear submarines disappeared.
1985 - Robert Ballard found the Titanic.
2004 - He went back to the ship 19 years later.
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p. 37 part 4 - Put the events in order according to the article.
1 b c a (or c b a, because the agreements between Ballard and the Navy happened together)
2 b c a
3 c a b
Notice the use of past perfect for things that happened first, and simple past for things that happened in 1985 and 2004.
The most common use of past perfect is a speaker talking or telling a story about one time, and explaining something that happened before that time.
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part 7 - Choose the correct options for each sentence.
1 had been
2 sank
3 was
4 had disappeared
5 hadn’t located (the other techniques were used before they developed this technology)
6 had visited
	(“because” “before” and “after” often don’t use past perfect, because the time order is clear.)
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By the time the ambulance arrived at the hospital, the patient had already died.
	(The action of “die” happened and finished before the ambulance arrived.)
By the time the ambulance arrived at the hospital, the patient was already dead.
	(The condition of “dead” started before and continued when the ambulance arrived.)
Before the ambulance arrived at the hospital, the patiend had looked dead.
	(This suggests that later the patient was revived and was never dead.)
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Lateral Thinking Puzzles - Ask yes/no questions to the person with the answer to try and figure out an explanation for each of these situations.
Hint: All of them have something to do with water.
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Extra: A man lives on the 12th floor of an apartment building. Every morning he takes the elevator directly to the lobby and leaves for work. In the evening, if he’s alone and it’s not raining, he takes the elevator to the 10th floor and walks up the stairs to his apartment. If there’s someone else in the elevator or it’s raining, he takes the elevator to the 12th floor.
Why?
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p. 41 - Read the blog post.
part 2 - Answer these questions.
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part 3 - In what order did these things happen?
1 There was a storm.
2 A ship lost a cargo of sneakers.
3 The sun came out.
4 They grabbed things to take to the beach.
5 They jumped into the car.
6 (They headed down to the beach.)
7 The kids rushed down to the water.
What words does the blog use instead of the bold words above?
Except for “headed down” above (and “got there” below), most of the words in the blog are more interesting or more dramatic than their synonyms. They give us a better image or idea of what happened.
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part 4b - Find the words in the text that are used instead of the words in the box.
raining - pouring
full of people - packed
looking - staring
(arrived - got there)
holding - clutching
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part 4c - Choose the correct words from below to complete each sentence.
1 raced (ran very fast)
2 exhausted (very tired)
3 boiling (very hot)
4 scrambled (walked/climbed quickly but with difficulty)
5 wandered (walked with no hurry or destination)
6 collapsed (fell straight down with no resistance)
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Homework: write a blog entry about something fun or exciting you did on a (real or fake) past weekend
	also: read the article on p. 39 and do parts 3, 4, 5, 6 on p. 38