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- kvm -help
- QEMU emulator version 1.0 (qemu-kvm-1.0), Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
- usage: qemu [options] [disk_image]
- 'disk_image' is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0
- Standard options:
- -h or -help display this help and exit
- -version display version information and exit
- -machine [type=]name[,prop[=value][,...]]
- selects emulated machine (-machine ? for list)
- property accel=accel1[:accel2[:...]] selects accelerator
- supported accelerators are kvm, xen, tcg (default: tcg)
- -cpu cpu select CPU (-cpu ? for list)
- -smp n[,maxcpus=cpus][,cores=cores][,threads=threads][,sockets=sockets]
- set the number of CPUs to 'n' [default=1]
- maxcpus= maximum number of total cpus, including
- offline CPUs for hotplug, etc
- cores= number of CPU cores on one socket
- threads= number of threads on one CPU core
- sockets= number of discrete sockets in the system
- -numa node[,mem=size][,cpus=cpu[-cpu]][,nodeid=node]
- -fda/-fdb file use 'file' as floppy disk 0/1 image
- -hda/-hdb file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 0/1 image
- -hdc/-hdd file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 2/3 image
- -cdrom file use 'file' as IDE cdrom image (cdrom is ide1 master)
- -drive [file=file][,if=type][,bus=n][,unit=m][,media=d][,index=i]
- [,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s[,trans=t]][,snapshot=on|off]
- [,cache=writethrough|writeback|none|directsync|unsafe][,format=f]
- [,serial=s][,addr=A][,id=name][,aio=threads|native]
- [,readonly=on|off]
- use 'file' as a drive image
- -set group.id.arg=value
- set <arg> parameter for item <id> of type <group>
- i.e. -set drive.$id.file=/path/to/image
- -global driver.property=value
- set a global default for a driver property
- -mtdblock file use 'file' as on-board Flash memory image
- -sd file use 'file' as SecureDigital card image
- -pflash file use 'file' as a parallel flash image
- -boot [order=drives][,once=drives][,menu=on|off]
- [,splash=sp_name][,splash-time=sp_time]
- 'drives': floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), network (n)
- 'sp_name': the file's name that would be passed to bios as logo picture, if menu=on
- 'sp_time': the period that splash picture last if menu=on, unit is ms
- -snapshot write to temporary files instead of disk image files
- -m megs set virtual RAM size to megs MB [default=384]
- -mem-path FILE provide backing storage for guest RAM
- -mem-prealloc preallocate guest memory (use with -mem-path)
- -k language use keyboard layout (for example 'fr' for French)
- -audio-help print list of audio drivers and their options
- -soundhw c1,... enable audio support
- and only specified sound cards (comma separated list)
- use -soundhw ? to get the list of supported cards
- use -soundhw all to enable all of them
- -usb enable the USB driver (will be the default soon)
- -usbdevice name add the host or guest USB device 'name'
- -device driver[,prop[=value][,...]]
- add device (based on driver)
- prop=value,... sets driver properties
- use -device ? to print all possible drivers
- use -device driver,? to print all possible properties
- File system options:
- -fsdev fsdriver,id=id,path=path,[security_model={mapped|passthrough|none}]
- [,writeout=immediate][,readonly]
- Virtual File system pass-through options:
- -virtfs local,path=path,mount_tag=tag,security_model=[mapped|passthrough|none]
- [,writeout=immediate][,readonly]
- -virtfs_synth Create synthetic file system image
- -name string1[,process=string2]
- set the name of the guest
- string1 sets the window title and string2 the process name (on Linux)
- -uuid %08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%012x
- specify machine UUID
- Display options:
- -display sdl[,frame=on|off][,alt_grab=on|off][,ctrl_grab=on|off]
- [,window_close=on|off]|curses|none|
- vnc=<display>[,<optargs>]
- select display type
- -nographic disable graphical output and redirect serial I/Os to console
- -curses use a curses/ncurses interface instead of SDL
- -no-frame open SDL window without a frame and window decorations
- -alt-grab use Ctrl-Alt-Shift to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)
- -ctrl-grab use Right-Ctrl to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)
- -no-quit disable SDL window close capability
- -sdl enable SDL
- -spice <args> enable spice
- -portrait rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD)
- -rotate <deg> rotate graphical output some deg left (only PXA LCD)
- -vga [std|cirrus|vmware|qxl|xenfb|none]
- select video card type
- -full-screen start in full screen
- -g WxH[xDEPTH] Set the initial graphical resolution and depth
- -vnc display start a VNC server on display
- i386 target only:
- -win2k-hack use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug
- -no-fd-bootchk disable boot signature checking for floppy disks
- -no-acpi disable ACPI
- -no-hpet disable HPET
- -balloon none disable balloon device
- -balloon virtio[,addr=str]
- enable virtio balloon device (default)
- -acpitable [sig=str][,rev=n][,oem_id=str][,oem_table_id=str][,oem_rev=n][,asl_compiler_id=str][,asl_compiler_rev=n][,{data|file}=file1[:file2]...]
- ACPI table description
- -smbios file=binary
- load SMBIOS entry from binary file
- -smbios type=0[,vendor=str][,version=str][,date=str][,release=%d.%d]
- specify SMBIOS type 0 fields
- -smbios type=1[,manufacturer=str][,product=str][,version=str][,serial=str]
- [,uuid=uuid][,sku=str][,family=str]
- specify SMBIOS type 1 fields
- Network options:
- -net nic[,vlan=n][,macaddr=mac][,model=type][,name=str][,addr=str][,vectors=v]
- create a new Network Interface Card and connect it to VLAN 'n'
- -net user[,vlan=n][,name=str][,net=addr[/mask]][,host=addr][,restrict=on|off]
- [,hostname=host][,dhcpstart=addr][,dns=addr][,tftp=dir][,bootfile=f]
- [,hostfwd=rule][,guestfwd=rule][,smb=dir[,smbserver=addr]]
- connect the user mode network stack to VLAN 'n', configure its
- DHCP server and enabled optional services
- -net tap[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,ifname=name][,script=file][,downscript=dfile][,sndbuf=nbytes][,vnet_hdr=on|off][,vhost=on|off][,vhostfd=h][,vhostforce=on|off]
- connect the host TAP network interface to VLAN 'n' and use the
- network scripts 'file' (default=/etc/qemu-ifup)
- and 'dfile' (default=/etc/qemu-ifdown)
- use '[down]script=no' to disable script execution
- use 'fd=h' to connect to an already opened TAP interface
- use 'sndbuf=nbytes' to limit the size of the send buffer (the
- default is disabled 'sndbuf=0' to enable flow control set 'sndbuf=1048576')
- use vnet_hdr=off to avoid enabling the IFF_VNET_HDR tap flag
- use vnet_hdr=on to make the lack of IFF_VNET_HDR support an error condition
- use vhost=on to enable experimental in kernel accelerator
- (only has effect for virtio guests which use MSIX)
- use vhostforce=on to force vhost on for non-MSIX virtio guests
- use 'vhostfd=h' to connect to an already opened vhost net device
- -net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,listen=[host]:port][,connect=host:port]
- connect the vlan 'n' to another VLAN using a socket connection
- -net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,mcast=maddr:port[,localaddr=addr]]
- connect the vlan 'n' to multicast maddr and port
- use 'localaddr=addr' to specify the host address to send packets from
- -net dump[,vlan=n][,file=f][,len=n]
- dump traffic on vlan 'n' to file 'f' (max n bytes per packet)
- -net none use it alone to have zero network devices. If no -net option
- is provided, the default is '-net nic -net user'
- -netdev [user|tap|socket],id=str[,option][,option][,...]
- Character device options:
- -chardev null,id=id[,mux=on|off]
- -chardev socket,id=id[,host=host],port=host[,to=to][,ipv4][,ipv6][,nodelay]
- [,server][,nowait][,telnet][,mux=on|off] (tcp)
- -chardev socket,id=id,path=path[,server][,nowait][,telnet],[mux=on|off] (unix)
- -chardev udp,id=id[,host=host],port=port[,localaddr=localaddr]
- [,localport=localport][,ipv4][,ipv6][,mux=on|off]
- -chardev msmouse,id=id[,mux=on|off]
- -chardev vc,id=id[[,width=width][,height=height]][[,cols=cols][,rows=rows]]
- [,mux=on|off]
- -chardev file,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]
- -chardev pipe,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]
- -chardev pty,id=id[,mux=on|off]
- -chardev stdio,id=id[,mux=on|off][,signal=on|off]
- -chardev tty,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]
- -chardev parport,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]
- Bluetooth(R) options:
- -bt hci,null dumb bluetooth HCI - doesn't respond to commands
- -bt hci,host[:id]
- use host's HCI with the given name
- -bt hci[,vlan=n]
- emulate a standard HCI in virtual scatternet 'n'
- -bt vhci[,vlan=n]
- add host computer to virtual scatternet 'n' using VHCI
- -bt device:dev[,vlan=n]
- emulate a bluetooth device 'dev' in scatternet 'n'
- Linux/Multiboot boot specific:
- -kernel bzImage use 'bzImage' as kernel image
- -append cmdline use 'cmdline' as kernel command line
- -initrd file use 'file' as initial ram disk
- Debug/Expert options:
- -serial dev redirect the serial port to char device 'dev'
- -parallel dev redirect the parallel port to char device 'dev'
- -monitor dev redirect the monitor to char device 'dev'
- -qmp dev like -monitor but opens in 'control' mode
- -mon chardev=[name][,mode=readline|control][,default]
- -debugcon dev redirect the debug console to char device 'dev'
- -pidfile file write PID to 'file'
- -singlestep always run in singlestep mode
- -S freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' to start execution)
- -gdb dev wait for gdb connection on 'dev'
- -s shorthand for -gdb tcp::1234
- -d item1,... output log to /tmp/qemu.log (use -d ? for a list of log items)
- -D logfile output log to logfile (instead of the default /tmp/qemu.log)
- -hdachs c,h,s[,t]
- force hard disk 0 physical geometry and the optional BIOS
- translation (t=none or lba) (usually qemu can guess them)
- -L path set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps
- -bios file set the filename for the BIOS
- -enable-kvm enable KVM full virtualization support
- -xen-domid id specify xen guest domain id
- -xen-create create domain using xen hypercalls, bypassing xend
- warning: should not be used when xend is in use
- -xen-attach attach to existing xen domain
- xend will use this when starting qemu
- -no-reboot exit instead of rebooting
- -no-shutdown stop before shutdown
- -loadvm [tag|id]
- start right away with a saved state (loadvm in monitor)
- -daemonize daemonize QEMU after initializing
- -option-rom rom load a file, rom, into the option ROM space
- -clock force the use of the given methods for timer alarm.
- To see what timers are available use -clock ?
- -rtc [base=utc|localtime|date][,clock=host|vm][,driftfix=none|slew]
- set the RTC base and clock, enable drift fix for clock ticks (x86 only)
- -icount [N|auto]
- enable virtual instruction counter with 2^N clock ticks per
- instruction
- -watchdog i6300esb|ib700
- enable virtual hardware watchdog [default=none]
- -watchdog-action reset|shutdown|poweroff|pause|debug|none
- action when watchdog fires [default=reset]
- -echr chr set terminal escape character instead of ctrl-a
- -virtioconsole c
- set virtio console
- -show-cursor show cursor
- -tb-size n set TB size
- -incoming p prepare for incoming migration, listen on port p
- -nodefaults don't create default devices
- -chroot dir chroot to dir just before starting the VM
- -runas user change to user id user just before starting the VM
- -prom-env variable=value
- set OpenBIOS nvram variables
- -semihosting semihosting mode
- -old-param old param mode
- -readconfig <file>
- -writeconfig <file>
- read/write config file
- -nodefconfig
- do not load default config files at startup
- -trace [events=<file>][,file=<file>]
- specify tracing options
- -no-kvm disable KVM hardware virtualization
- -no-kvm-irqchip disable KVM kernel mode PIC/IOAPIC/LAPIC
- -no-kvm-pit disable KVM kernel mode PIT
- -no-kvm-pit-reinjection
- disable KVM kernel mode PIT interrupt reinjection
- -tdf enable guest time drift compensation
- -kvm-shadow-memory MEGABYTES
- allocate MEGABYTES for kvm mmu shadowing
- During emulation, the following keys are useful:
- ctrl-alt-f toggle full screen
- ctrl-alt-n switch to virtual console 'n'
- ctrl-alt toggle mouse and keyboard grab
- When using -nographic, press 'ctrl-a h' to get some help.
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