webinar-for-loops-2021-08-07

# WEBINAR: For Loops 2021 Aug 7
# We use loops to repeat actions

# a WHILE loop is basically an IF statement
# that repeats as long as its condition is true


# FOR LOOPS are used for repeating actions for every element
# in a container like a list, string, tuple, etc...

# Focus on FOR LOOPS for the OA (don't worry about while loops so much)
# Don't worry about nested loops either :), just one loop at a time

# BASIC LOOP syntax with a list
# for __ in __:
# for _myVar_ in _someContainer_:
myList = ["Agent Scully", "Agent Mulder", "Walter Skinner", "CSM", "Mr. X"] # X-Files characters
for item in myList:
    print(item)

myString = "Just sit right back and you'll hear a tale."
# for char in myString:
#     print(char, end=" ")
# print("Be careful on the next call.")

# tuple
myTuple = ("Gilligan", "Castaway002", "red", "crew") # things about Gilligan
for item in myTuple:
    print(item)

# dictionaries
scoobiesDCT = {
    "Scooby": "a blue collar",
    "Shaggy": "green",
    "Velma": "orange",
    "Daphne": "purple",
    "Fred": "an ascot"
}
for key in scoobiesDCT:
    # nameOfDictionary[key] = value
    print(key, scoobiesDCT[key])
for k, v in scoobiesDCT.items():
    # print(k + " always wears " + v + ".") # string CONCATENATION
    # print("%s always wears %s" % (k, v)) # data conversion specifiers/string modulo
    print("{} always wears {}.".format(k, v)) # string class .format() method - BEST!

for n in range(0, 5):
    print(n)

for i in range(len(myList)):
    item = myList[i]
    # print(i, myList[i])
    print(i, item)

for i, item in enumerate(myList):
    print(i, item)

# break - ends the loop entirely
# continue - end the CURRENT ITERATION of the loop
# for n in range(0, 5):
#   if n == 3:
#       # break # 0 1 2 and we're done
#       continue # 0 1 2 4
#   print(n)

myString = "Just sit right back and you'll hear a tale."
# IN keyword
if "back" in myString:
    print("It's there!")
print(myString.find("back")) # 15
print(myString.count("back")) # 1
# for item in myList:

# Ch 8 Task 10
# Complete the function to return the number of upper case letters in the given string
def countUpper(mystring):
    # string method isupper()
    count = 0
    for char in mystring:
        if char.isupper():
            count += 1
    return count

print(countUpper('Welcome to WGU'))# expected output: 4
print(countUpper('Hello Mary'))# expected output: 2

# Question:
# How to look up class/type methods on the exam...

# help(str)# outputs the entire help document on something
# help(list) # etc
# print(dir(str)) # dir() returns a list of just attribute (method and property) names
# exam has a Ref List for imported modules like math, random, os, datetime

# Since dir() returns a list, you can loop over it!
for item in dir(str):
    if not item.startswith("_"): # ignore the __methods()__ for this course
        print(item)