/usr/local/MATLAB/R2017a/bin/matlab

sudo ln /usr/share/app-install/desktop/matlab-support:matlab.desktop /usr/share/applications/matlab.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
X-AppInstall-Package=matlab-support
X-AppInstall-Popcon=4
X-AppInstall-Section=multiverse

Version=1.0
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Exec=/usr/local/MATLAB/R2017a/bin/matlab -desktop
Name=MATLAB
Icon=/usr/share/app-install/icons/_usr_share_icons_hicolor_48x48_apps_matlab.png
Categories=Development;Math;Science
Comment=Scientific computing environment
StartupNotify=true
StartupWMClass=com-mathworks-util-PostVMInit

X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=app-install-data

ln: failed to create hard link '/usr/share/applications/matlab.desktop': File exists