Vowels 😺 Umlauts

Audio-visual German language materials/Pronunciation
https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Audio-visual_German_language_materials/Pronunciation/Pronunciation_of_letters

Long vowels

long [aː] ("ah" as in "father")
Vater /ˈfaːtɐ/ (father)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Vater#Pronunciation
Kater /ˈkaː.tɐ/ 😺  (male cat)  https://yourdailygerman.com/meaning-kater/
https://yourdailygerman.com/meaning-kater/
haben  /ˈhaːbən/  (to have)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/haben#Pronunciation
Sahne /zaːnə/ (cream)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Sahne#Pronunciation

[eː] ("ay" as in "say")
lesen /ˈleːzn̩/ (to read)	[eː] – long vowel
gebe  /ˈɡeːbə/  (give)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gebe#Pronunciation

[iː] (as in "see")
Biene  BEE-nuh /ˈbiːnə/ (bee) 🐝   ee (as in "see")
spielen   to play
ziehen  (to pull)  [iː] – long, vowel

[oː] – long  (as in "go")
Brot (bread)
rote /ˈʁoːtə/ 🔴 (red)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rote#Pronunciation_3
oben	(above)  [oː]
Ohr  /oːr/ 👂 (ear) [oː] https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Ohr#Pronunciation

[uː] – long  ("oo" as in "moon")
Blume  /ˈbluːmə/ 🌸 (flower)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Blume#Pronunciation
Buch /buːx/ 📗 (book)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Buch#Pronunciation_3
Kuh /kuː/ 🐄 (cow)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Kuh#Pronunciation
Schule /ˈʃuːlə/ (school)
Fuß (foot)
Hut 👒 (hat)
Zug	 🚊 (train) [uː] – long

A vowel is usually long when it appears before a single consonant or when it is doubled (aa, ee, oo) or marked by a silent h (ah, eh, ih, oh, uh).

A silent h after a vowel usually makes it long
Bahn (train)
fahren [ˈfaːʁən] (go,drive)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fahren#Pronunciation
sehr [zeːɐ̯]  (very)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sehr#Pronunciation
mehr  /meːɐ̯/ (more)     https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mehr#Pronunciation
sehen  /zeː.ən/ (see)   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sehen#Pronunciation
Sohn /zoːn/ (son) "oh" as in "so"  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Sohn#Pronunciation

Double vowel (aa, ee, oo)
Haar (hair)
Meer [/meːɐ/] 🌊 (sea)  (long e)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Meer#Pronunciation_3
See (lake)	"ay" as in "say"   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/See#Pronunciation_3
Boot  /boːt/  boat 🚤  https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/german-english/boot

Short vowels _______________________________________________________________
"a" as in "must“
Mann /man/ 👨🏻  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Mann#Pronunciation_3
Dann /dan/  then  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dann#Pronunciation

[ɛ] – short  "e" as in "bet"
Bett /bɛt/  🛏️ (bed)   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Bett#Pronunciation_3
essen /ˈɛsən/ (to eat)  [ɛ] – short vowel, double consonant indicates shortness

[ɪ] – short "i" as in "bit"
Mitte /mɪ.tə/ (middle)	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Mitte#Pronunciation
mit /mɪt/ (with)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mit#Pronunciation_4
Milch /mɪlç/ 🥛 milk  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Milch#Pronunciation
ich  /ɪç/ I  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ich#Pronunciation_5

[ɔ] – short ("o" as in "lot")
Sonne /ˈzɔnə/ 🌞(sun)	https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Sonne#Pronunciation
Wolf /vɔlf/ 🐺  https://deutschable.com/how-do-you-say-wolf-in-german/

[ʊ] – short  ("oo" as in "foot")
und	 and
Mutter [ˈmʊtɐ] mother  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Mutter#Pronunciation
Hund /hʊnt/ 🐕‍🦺  (dog)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Hund#Pronunciation_2

Umlaut Pronunciation _______________________________________________________________

ä  Mädchen /ˈmɛːtçən/ /ˈmeːtçən/ girl   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/M%C3%A4dchen#Pronunciation

hätte   short [ɛ]

hören /ˈhøːrən/  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/File:De-h%C3%B6ren2.ogg
böse /ˈbøːzə/ 👿  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/File:De-b%C3%B6se.ogg
schön  /ʃøːn/  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/File:De-sch%C3%B6n.ogg
König	🤴 (king)  [øː] – long

Deux  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/File:LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-deux.wav

zwölf /t͡svœlf/  1️⃣2️⃣
können

über /ˈyːbɐ/ (over) -- "OO-ber"   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%BCber#Pronunciation
Tür /tyːr/ 🚪 (door) -- "toor"  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/T%C3%BCr#Pronunciation
grün /ɡʁyːn/ 🟢 (green) -- "groon"  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gr%C3%BCn#Pronunciation_2

dünn  /dʏn/  (thin)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/d%C3%BCnn
fünf /fʏnf/ 5️⃣   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/f%C3%BCnf#Pronunciation_2
Glück  /ɡlʏk/ (luck/happiness)   https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Gl%C3%BCck#Pronunciation

EI, AI, AY, EY are all pronounced like the English word “eye” or the Y in “my”.
Eier 🍳 🥚 (Eggs)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Eier#Pronunciation_2
kleine  /‘klaɪ̯nə/ (little)  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/kleine#Pronunciation_2

AU is pronounced like the OU in “house” or the OW in “brow”.
Haus  [haʊ̯s] 🏠  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Haus#Pronunciation_3

EU, ÄU are pronounced like the OY in “boy”.
neuen  new  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/neuen#Pronunciation
neu  nɔʏ̯/ neu (“oy” as in “Boy”)
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Verbs
schließen [ˈʃliːsn̩]  to close  https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/schlie%C3%9Fen#Pronunciation
YOURDAILYGERMAN
German grammar and vocabulary
Prefix Verb Dictionary
https://germanprefixes.com/base-verbs/
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Study German - Pronunciation
https://studygerman.io/pronunciation/vowel-length
Umlauts
https://studygerman.io/pronunciation/umlauts

Wikiversity
https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Audio-visual_German_language_materials/Pronunciation

Audio-visual German language materials/Pronunciation/Pronunciation of letters
https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Audio-visual_German_language_materials/Pronunciation/Pronunciation_of_letters

Games   https://www.learngermanwithgames.com/

Vocabulary
https://www.learngermanwithgames.com/resources/word-categories