Ways to eliminate switch in code

foreach (var animal in zoo) {
    switch (typeof(animal)) {
        case "dog":
            echo animal.bark();
            break;

        case "cat":
            echo animal.meow();
            break;
    }
}

foreach (var animal in zoo) {
    echo animal.speak();
}

class RequestHandler {

    public void handleRequest(int action) {
        switch(action) {
            case LOGIN:
                doLogin();
                break;
            case LOGOUT:
                doLogout();
                break;
            case QUERY:
               doQuery();
               break;
        }
    }
}

interface Command {
    public void execute();
}

class LoginCommand implements Command {
    public void execute() {
        // do what doLogin() used to do
    }
}

class RequestHandler {
    private Map<Integer, Command> commandMap; // injected in, or obtained from a factory
    public void handleRequest(int action) {
        Command command = commandMap.get(action);
        command.execute();
    }
}

class House {
    private int state;

    public void enter() {
        switch (state) {
            case INSIDE:
                throw new Exception("Cannot enter. Already inside");
            case OUTSIDE:
                 state = INSIDE;
                 ...
                 break;
         }
    }
    public void exit() {
        switch (state) {
            case INSIDE:
                state = OUTSIDE;
                ...
                break;
            case OUTSIDE:
                throw new Exception("Cannot leave. Already outside");
        }
    }

abstract class HouseState {
    public HouseState enter() {
        throw new Exception("Cannot enter");
    }
    public HouseState leave() {
        throw new Exception("Cannot leave");
    }
}
class Inside extends HouseState {
    public HouseState leave() {
        return new Outside();
    }
}
class Outside extends HouseState {
    public HouseState enter() {
        return new Inside();
    }
}

class House {
    private HouseState state;
    public void enter() {
        this.state = this.state.enter();
    }
    public void leave() {
        this.state = this.state.leave();
    }
}

void InitMap(){
    Map[key1] = Object/Action;
    Map[key2] = Object/Action;
}

Object/Action DoStuff(Object key){
    return Map[key];
}

switch

IState

switch(*IP) {
    case OPCODE_ADD:
        ...
        break;
    case OPCODE_NOT_ZERO:
        ...
        break;
    case OPCODE_JUMP:
        ...
        break;
    default:
        fixme(*IP);
}

opcode_table[*IP](*IP, vm);

... // in somewhere else:
void opcode_add(byte_opcode op, Vm* vm) { ... };
void opcode_not_zero(byte_opcode op, Vm* vm) { ... };
void opcode_jump(byte_opcode op, Vm* vm) { ... };
void opcode_default(byte_opcode op, Vm* vm) { /* fixme */ };

OpcodeFuncPtr opcode_table[256] = {
    ...
    opcode_add,
    opcode_not_zero,
    opcode_jump,
    opcode_default,
    opcode_default,
    ... // etc.
};

public class Animal
{
       public abstract void Speak();
}


public class Dog : Animal
{
   public virtual void Speak()
   {
       Console.WriteLine("Hao Hao");
   }
}

public class Cat : Animal
{
   public virtual void Speak()
   {
       Console.WriteLine("Meauuuu");
   }
}

foreach (var animal in zoo)
{
    echo animal.speak();
}

if a = 1 then
     do something else
     if a = 2 then
         do something else
     else
         if a = 3 then
             do the last thing
         endif
     endif
  endif

if a = 1 then
   do something
endif
if a = 2 then
   do something else
endif
if a = 3 then
   do something more
endif

procedure processA(a:int)
    if a = 1 then
       do something
       procedure_return
    endif
    if a = 2 then
       do something else
       procedure_return
    endif
    if a = 3 then
       do something more
       procedure_return
    endif
end_procedure

private void doLog(LogLevel logLevel, String msg) {
   String prefix;
   switch (logLevel) {
     case INFO:
       prefix = "INFO";
       break;
     case WARN:
       prefix = "WARN";
       break;
     case ERROR:
       prefix = "ERROR";
       break;
     default:
       throw new RuntimeException("Oops, forgot to add stuff on new enum constant");
   }
   System.out.println(String.format("%s: %s", prefix, msg));
 }

for i from 1 to 1000 {statement1; statement2}
if something=false then {statement1; statement2}
while isOKtoLoop {statement1; statement2}