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- ; Civilizations____________________________________________________________________________Civilizations
- ;JAPANESE CLANS_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
- #RACE_OTOMO
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_OTOMO
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_MORI
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_MORI
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_ICHIJO
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_ICHIJO
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_URAKAMI
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_URAKAMI
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_MIYOSHI
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_MIYOSHI
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_ODA
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_ODA
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_IMAGAWA
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_IMAGAWA
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_TAKEDA
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_TAKEDA
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_HOJO
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_HOJO
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_UESUGI
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_UESUGI
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_DATE
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_DATE
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_TOKUGAWA
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_TOKUGAWA
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_SHIMAZU
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_SHIMAZU
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_RYUZOJI
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_RYUZOJI
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_SAITO
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_SAITO
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_MATSUNAGA
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_MATSUNAGA
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_CHOSOKABE
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_CHOSOKABE
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
- #RACE_MOGAMI
- ^
- ^It is not known when humans first settled on the Japanese archipelago, but the Jomon people might be called
- proto-Japanese, and they were spread throughout the archipelago by 250 BC. The Yayoi culture that arose in Kyushu,
- while the Jomon culture was still evolving, spread gradually eastward, overwhelming the Jomon. Culturally, the
- Yayoi represents a notable advance and flourished for some five or six centuries, from the 3rd century BC to the
- 3rd century AD. The unification of Japan under the Yamato court, with the tenno ("Emperor of Heaven") at its center,
- occurred around the mid-4th century. The 6th century reign of Kentai (507-531 AD) represents a decline of Yamato
- influence both at home and abroad; the period can be characterized by the growing accumulation of power by regional
- leaders and a weakening of royal influence.
- ^ After the Onin War, the power of independent local leaders increased markedly, and in many instances deputies
- of great shugo houses usurped the domains of their superiors; a new type of feudal lord, the daimyo, took their place.
- This Sengoku ("Warring States") period was marked by constant conflict among many such lords. The Yamato court was
- resuscitated by efforts made within the royal family itself, primarily the reforms of Prince Shotoku, who drafted
- the Seventeen-Article Constitution of 604 AD. The death of Shotoku in 622 prevented his Confucian ideals of government
- from bearing full fruit when the Soga family, regaining its former power, executed Shotoku's son Yamashiro and all
- his family in 643. Two years later, princes Nakano and Nakatomi engineered a coup d'état within the palace, killing
- the Soga family and wiping out all forces opposed to the imperial family. They then set about establishing a system
- of centralized government with the emperor as absolute monarch that would last 1000 years.
- ^ In the late Heian period, the more powerful of the {Samurai} gathered in or near the capital, where they served
- both the military needs of the emperor and also as bodyguards for the great noble houses. Emerging from provincial
- warrior bands, the aristocratic Samurai caste of the Kamakura period (1192-1333), with their military
- #DESC_RACE_MOGAMI
- ^
- ^
- ^skills and deep pride in their stoicism, developed a disciplined culture distinct from the earlier, quiet refinement of the imperial
- court.
- ^ During the Muromachi period (1338-1573) under the growing influence of Zen Buddhism, the samurai culture produced
- many uniquely Japanese arts that continue today. Eventually, from among these warring Samurai clans arose the able
- {Tokugawa} Takechiyo, founder of the Edo shogunate (1603-1867 AD), which ended the incessant conflicts and brought
- reform and peace to the islands. Although Spanish and Portuguese traders and missionaries had been in Japan since
- the mid-1500s, it was the arrival of a squadron of U.S. warships commanded by Commodore Matthew C. Perry in Uraga Bay
- in July 1853 that finally opened the nation to Western influence - and brought pressure for political reforms and a
- national identity. The Meiji government that followed the overthrow of the shogunate set about the task of
- westernization and the creation of a modern state, and moved Japan onto the world stage.
- ^ Ironically, Japan's new, influential role - marked by the ensuing Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905),
- Japan's involvement in the First World War and in the Allied intervention in Siberia following the Bolshevik
- Revolution of 1918 - led indirectly to the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrors that followed. The summer of
- 1945 brought disaster for the Japanese: the Americans took Okinawa in a bloody invasion, in August the Soviet
- Union declared war and swept over Manchuria, and atomic bombs largely destroyed the cities of Hiroshima and
- Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, respectively. The Pacific War came to an end on August 14, with the formal surrender
- signed on September 2 in Tokyo Bay aboard the battleship USS Missouri. With postwar American aid, from 1952 to 1973
- Japan experienced accelerated economic growth and social change. By the 1990s, Japan was again a first-class power,
- the senior partner in the emerging Asian economic bloc.
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