2016-03-02 Core: 9 shopping, passives

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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Homework: workbook (handout) p. 52 (all)
part 1
1 receipt
2 bill
3 cash
4 bank statement
5 debit card
6 bank transfer
part 2
1 online banking, cash machines, and email passwords
2 Passwords should be unique and secret.
3 He is a security expert.
4 They are the most commonly used passwords.
part 3
1 the (specifically the millions of people who use these things)
2 -
3 - (2 and 3 are about those things in general)
4 a
5 a (you don’t have just one password (hopefully), so we can’t use “your” in these situations)
6 your / an (you may have one or more email addresses)
7 your
8 the (or “every”)
9 all
10 -
11 their (or -)
12 a
13 the (the specific list in the article)
14 the (the + (number) + superlative)
15 the
16 your
17 your
18 a

ATM = Automatic Teller Machine
Teller = the person you usually talk to at a bank
I am the teacher at BAE. = I am the only teacher.
Enter your password. = Enter the password you use (for this situation).
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How can you choose a strong password?
Use a passphrase (sentence) instead: “I wouldn’t have thought this morning that today would be the day I changed my password to this.” - used to be my Google password (easy to remember, very hard to guess, too long for some sites)
Use the initials of a sentence: IwhttmttwbtdIcmptt`1 (easy to remember, hard to guess, shorter)
Use a site like https://milliways.cryptomilk.org/passhash.html to generate strong passwords (it will generate the same password every time you give it the same information).
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p. 108 part 3 - Read the reviews on p. 109 and decide which product they are about.
A 2
B -
C 3
D 1
E 4

craftsmen = artists (sometimes art that you use is called a craft, but there’s not really a difference)
sweatshop conditions = conditions where people work long hours in an uncomfortable or unsafe environment for very low pay
a win-win situation = both parties in a deal “win”, nobody gets hurt by the deal
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part 4 - What are the main verbs in these sentences?
1 All fair-trade goods are bought directly from the producer. (by the customer)
2 Our featured crafts have been made from sustainable resources. (by the craftsmen)
3 Many of the featured products can be ordered online. (by the customer)

The Mona Lisa was painted in 1506. (by Leonardo da Vinci)
My car was stolen by a thief.
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Passive Voice (all tenses):
passive = [be] + past participle
(When I write [be], I mean it can be any form of the verb “to be”: am/is/are/was/were/be/being/been)

past/present/future = 3
perfect/not perfect = 2
progressive/simple = 2
3x2x2=12

We can use passive voice in 9 of these tenses (not common in perfect progressive tenses) and with modals.

“They must have been made by students as a joke.”
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Passive Voice (meaning):

Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa in 1506. (active)
The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci in 1506. (passive)
(If we’re talking about the painting, it should be the subject. But because the painting doesn’t do anything, these sentences will all be passive.)

I killed the spider.
The spider was killed (by me).

The spider died.
(no passive, because there’s no object to change to the subject)
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p. 109 part 7 - Choose the correct options (active or passive) to complete the paragraph.
1 is paid
2 are taken
3 have been weighed
4 get
5 are using
6 is being reviewed
7 will be contracted
8 can be packed and sold

simple past: It was ordered online.
past continuous: It was being ordered online.
past perfect: It had been ordered online.

simple present: It is ordered online.
present continuous: It is being ordered online.
present perfect: It has been ordered online.

simple future: It will be ordered online. (same form for all modals)
future continuous: It will be being ordered online. (a little strange, we might use “getting” instead)
future perfect: It will have been ordered online. (same form for all modals)
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BREAK
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part 8 - In pairs, first write the correct passive forms of the verbs, then choose the correct information for each sentence.
1 have been sold (“since 2003” -> present perfect) - Nokia 1101 cell phones
2 has been adapted (it could be adapted to more in the future -> present perfect) - Tetris
3 has been translated (it could be translated into more) - Agatha Christie
4 was nominated - The Color Purple
5 is worn - Ralph Lauren
6 has been viewed (it can still be viewed more) - Justin Bieber
7 were downloaded - Call of Duty
8 was bought - Picasso
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In one minute, list as many famous brand names as you can think of.
Share your lists in groups. Do you have many of the same brands? What main product do these brands produce?

Then come up with some reasons to buy famous brands, and some reasons to buy alternative, less famous brands.
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Reasons to buy famous brands:
- Predictable quality
- Fashion trends
- Customer service (famous brands are usually larger, more reliable companies)
- Easy to find everywhere
- Familiarity
Reasons to buy alternative brands:
- Often cheaper
- Can be better quality
- Something new
- Unique
- Can help local businesses and smaller companies
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Do you like to bargain for better prices? (bargain = negotiate for a lower price = haggle)
Is it normal to do this in your country? Where?
small (independent) shops, markets, street vendors, yard sales / garage sales
(In this country, you can usually bargain if the owner is the seller or if it’s a very expensive item like a car.)
auction: a sale in which buyers offer how much money they want to pay (bid), and the person who offers the highest amount can buy the thing
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Do you like to bring back souvenirs from your trips? What kinds of things?
magnets, snow globes, dolls, keychains, local products, miniature monuments, postcards, t-shirts
brochures, rocks or shells (it is sometimes illegal to remove these), pictures
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Homework: Read the article on p. 111 and do parts 3, 4, 5 on p. 110.