<img src="/api/TestBase64Image" alt="image test" />

[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class TestBase64ImageController : Controller
{
    private const string _base64Image = "data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQEBLAEsAAD/7Sfg.....";
    private const string _base64Image2 = "/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQEBLAEsAAD/7Sfg.....

    [HttpGet]
    public async Task Get()
    {
        Response.ContentType = "image/jpeg";
        //Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
        //Response.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("image/jpeg").ToString();
        //Response.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("text/plain").ToString();

        //Response.Headers.Add("Content-Length", _base64Image.Length.ToString());
        //HttpContext.Response.ContentLength = _base64Image.Length;

        await Response.Body.WriteAsync(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(_base64Image), 0, _base64Image.Length);
        //await Response.Body.FlushAsync();
    }
}

app.Run(async (context) =>
{
    await context.Response.WriteAsync("Hello World!");
});

byte[] image = Convert.FromBase64String(_base64Image2);
await Response.Body.WriteAsync(image, 0, image.Length);