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- read [-ers] [-a aname] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]
- One line is read from the standard input, or from the file descriptor fd supplied as an argument to the -u option, and the first word is assigned to the
- first name, the second word to the second name, and so on, with leftover words and their intervening separators assigned to the last name. If there are
- fewer words read from the input stream than names, the remaining names are assigned empty values. The characters in IFS are used to split the line into
- words using the same rules the shell uses for expansion (described above under Word Splitting). The backslash character (\) may be used to remove any
- special meaning for the next character read and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the following meanings:
- -a aname
- The words are assigned to sequential indices of the array variable aname, starting at 0. aname is unset before any new values are assigned.
- Other name arguments are ignored.
- -d delim
- The first character of delim is used to terminate the input line, rather than newline.
- -e If the standard input is coming from a terminal, readline (see READLINE above) is used to obtain the line. Readline uses the current (or
- default, if line editing was not previously active) editing settings.
- -i text
- If readline is being used to read the line, text is placed into the editing buffer before editing begins.
- -n nchars
- read returns after reading nchars characters rather than waiting for a complete line of input, but honor a delimiter if fewer than nchars charac‐
- ters are read before the delimiter.
- -N nchars
- read returns after reading exactly nchars characters rather than waiting for a complete line of input, unless EOF is encountered or read times
- out. Delimiter characters encountered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause read to return until nchars characters are read.
- -p prompt
- Display prompt on standard error, without a trailing newline, before attempting to read any input. The prompt is displayed only if input is com‐
- ing from a terminal.
- -r Backslash does not act as an escape character. The backslash is considered to be part of the line. In particular, a backslash-newline pair may
- not be used as a line continuation.
- -s Silent mode. If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.
- -t timeout
- Cause read to time out and return failure if a complete line of input (or a specified number of characters) is not read within timeout seconds.
- timeout may be a decimal number with a fractional portion following the decimal point. This option is only effective if read is reading input
- from a terminal, pipe, or other special file; it has no effect when reading from regular files. If read times out, read saves any partial input
- read into the specified variable name. If timeout is 0, read returns immediately, without trying to read any data. The exit status is 0 if
- input is available on the specified file descriptor, non-zero otherwise. The exit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded.
- -u fd Read input from file descriptor fd.
- If no names are supplied, the line read is assigned to the variable REPLY. The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out
- (in which case the return code is greater than 128), a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a readonly variable) occurs, or an invalid file
- descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u.
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