2018-05-05 Sat TOEFL: integrated skills (S and W)

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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Integrated Skills (Speaking and Writing)
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Speaking Section: six tasks, about 20 minutes total, 5m30s
1 independent, open-ended - 15 seconds to prepare / 45 seconds to speak
2 independent, choice - 15/45
3 integrated reading/listening/speaking, campus announcement and conversation - 30/60
4 integrated reading/listening/speaking, academic text and lecture - 30/60
5 integrated listening/speaking, problem and solutions - 20/60
6 integrated L/S, academic lecture - 20/60
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Speaking Task 3 - Campus Situation / Student Opinion
- Read a campus announcement (100 words, usually 45 seconds)
- Listen to a conversation between students about the announcement.
- Prepare for 30 seconds
- Speak for 60 seconds
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The reading is only on the screen for 45 seconds. You will not see it again.
- Find the ACE
	Announcement
	Change
	Event
- Look for 1-3 reasons in the text
- You DON’T need to pay attention to names, places, or dates.
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When you take notes on the conversation, it’s a good idea to separate the man and the woman. You will have to explain one of their opinions.
You can predict whose opinion you’ll have to explain while listening:
- Who is the most emotional? (anger, confusion, happiness, conviction)
- Who answers the most questions?
- Who talks the most?
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Cambridge practice S38.1
What is the text about?
- Change: demolishing a classroom building to make a fine arts center
Why is the change happening? (What are the benefits of the change?)
- It will have classrooms and stages for plays and concerts.
- Heating and cooling system will be green energy.
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Listening: The man asks, “Are you going to join our protest…” - This tells you it’s his opinion you’ll have to talk about.
Why does he have this opinion?
- to preserve history
- there’s an empty lot they could use for the fine arts center
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Preparation (30 seconds)
- Circle the main points you’re going to talk about (what’s the text about? what’s the opinion? what are the reasons?)
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Speaking (60 seconds)
1 Briefly summarize the announcement
2 State the opinion of the speaker: “The man plans to protest the change because he is against it.”
3 Lead-in (optional): “He gives two reasons for this opinion.”
4 First reason: “The first reason is that he thinks we should preserve…”
5 Detail/example
6 Second reason: “His other reason is that there’s already space for the fine arts center…”
7 Detail/example
(8 Conclusion - if you have extra time)
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Practice the other task 3 examples in the PowerPoint
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BREAK
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Speaking Task 4 - Academic Text and Lecture
- Read: 45-50 seconds, about 100 words
- Listen: One person (a professor)
- Prepare: 30 seconds
- Speak: 60 seconds
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When you read:
- Identify important terms and definitions
- Don’t need to focus on the examples from the reading
- Is the reading objective or one-sided?
When you listen:
- If the speaker disagrees, identify the points of disagreement.
- If the speaker agrees, identify the additional information they give, or the two examples.
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Cambridge examples
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Text: about phytoplankton
- single-celled plants
- important for marine animals
- produce lots of oxygen
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Lecture: about an experiment with phytoplankton
- They added iron to the water and it increased the number of phytoplankton
	This confirms that they need iron.
- This suggests a possibility of removing CO2 from the atmosphere with phytoplankton
- It could also increase the amount of marine life available
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Response:
1 Introduction: summarize the definition or explanation from the reading
2 Lead-in/overview of what the professor says
3 First point (The experiment)
4 Detail/Example
5 Second point (Implications for CO2)
6 Detail/Example
7 Third point (Implications for marine life)
8 Detail/Example
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Cambridge Practice Test 1 - symbiosis
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Text:
symbiosis is a relationship between organisms
- mutualism - both benefit
- parasitism - one is harmed
- commensalism - one is not helped or harmed
	obligate - the organism that benefits can’t survive without the other
	facultative - the organism can survive with or without the other
Lecture:
- First, he summarizes mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism
- bees and bee orchids: we don’t know how it affects the bee (it benefits the flower)
- skin and bacteria: changes from commensal to parasitism if the skin is burned
- coral and shrimp and crabs: from commensalism to mutualism if the coral is attacked
Prompt: Describe the two examples where the relationship changes.
Response outline:
1 Introduction: Summarize the explanation of symbiosis (you can mention that there are three types)
2 Lead-in/overview of what the professor says (The professor describes two relationships that change.)
3 First point (Bacteria on our skin)
4 Detail/Example
5 Second point (shrimp and crabs that live on coral)
6 Detail/Example
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ETS volume 2 - test 2
Text: entertainment merchandising
- marketing form where one brand or product is used to promote another
Lecture: two examples
- popular character when he was young, then there were toys of that character
- his daughter has a toy she likes, then there was a TV show about it
Take 5 minutes to prepare a “perfect” response to this prompt.
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Record your own response to test 3.
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Pronunciation and grammar are mostly evaluated to the extent that they require “listener effort” to understand.
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If you type neice instead of niece, it’s fine because that’s not a different word and it’s clear what you meant.
If you type “nice”, however, that requires additional reader effort to figure out.
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Integrated Writing
Read the text for ETS 2 test 3 - about people reading literature
The first time you read, focus on getting the main idea and the main supporting points
R0 = young people are reading less literature, and that’s bad
R1 = nothing else provides the intellectual stimulation of literature
R2 = what people are reading instead is superficial and trivial, and lowers the level of culture
R3 = talented writers are being neglected and this will lead to less literature in the future
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What is your prediction about the main idea of the lecture?
R0 = it’s not actually that bad
R1 = many other types of books are intellectually stimulating, not just literature
R2 = other things like music and movies can still be high culture
R3 = it might be authors’ faults if they’re writing things people find hard to understand
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Homework: Cambridge practice with reading inference questions, available at the link I emailed to you