sealed trait Tree[+A]

  final case class Branch[A](left: Tree[A], right: Tree[A]) extends Tree[A]

  final case class Leaf[A](value: A) extends Tree[A]

  implicit val treeMonad = new Monad[Tree] {

    override def pure[A](value: A): Tree[A] = Leaf(value)

    override def flatMap[A, B](initial: Tree[A])(func: A => Tree[B]): Tree[B] =
      initial match {
        case Branch(l, r) => Branch(flatMap(l)(func), flatMap(r)(func))
        case Leaf(value) => func(value)
      }

    //@tailrec
    override def tailRecM[A, B](a: A)(func: (A) => Tree[Either[A, B]]): Tree[B] = {
      func(a) match {
        case Branch(l, r) =>
          Branch(
            flatMap(l) {
              case Right(l) => pure(l)
              case Left(l) => tailRecM(l)(func)
            },
            flatMap(r){
              case Right(r) => pure(r)
              case Left(r) => tailRecM(r)(func)
            }
          )

        case Leaf(Left(value)) => tailRecM(value)(func)

        case Leaf(Right(value)) => Leaf(value)
      }
    }
  }

override def tailRecM[A, B](a: A)(f: (A) => Tree[Either[A, B]]): Tree[B] = {
  @tailrec
  def go(toVisit: List[Tree[Either[A, B]]],
         toCollect: List[Tree[B]]): List[Tree[B]] = toVisit match {
    case (tree :: tail) =>
      tree match {
        case Branch(l, r) =>
          l match {
            case Branch(_, _) => go(l :: r :: tail, toCollect)
            case Leaf(Left(a)) => go(f(a) :: r :: tail, toCollect)
            case Leaf(Right(b)) => go(r :: tail, pure(b) +: toCollect)
          }
        case Leaf(Left(a)) => go(f(a) :: tail, toCollect)
        case Leaf(Right(b)) =>
          go(tail,
             if (toCollect.isEmpty) pure(b) +: toCollect
             else Branch(toCollect.head, pure(b)) :: toCollect.tail)
      }
    case Nil => toCollect
  }

  go(f(a) :: Nil, Nil).head
}