// Array of Output Pin variables, set to the pins being used
const int b_size = 4;
const int b[b_size] = {2, 3, 4, 5};
// Output Buffer
int b_buf = 0x00;
// Input Variables

// Serial Monitor Buffer
int s_buf = 0x00;

/* 's' is an array of integers of size 8. Note that arrays at 1 start
 We will use this to be able to see the individual bit values of the s_buf

 */
const int s_size = 8;
int s[s_size];

// We can also define our own helper functions. It is a good idea to use helper functions whenever they make sense.
// Normally we also define the return type (void for none)

// Read from the serial monitor into s_buf and the s[] array for individual bits
void readData()
{
    if(Serial.available())
        s_buf = Serial.parseInt();

    for(int i = (s_size - 1); i>=0; i--)  {
        s[i] = (s_buf >> i) & 0x01; // What's going on here?
        // ">>" bit shifting
        // "&" bit masking
    }

}
// Reset the Output Buffer.
void resetBuffer() {
    for(int i = 0; i < b_size; i++) {
        // Note this is an arduino function call to the pins
        digitalWrite(b[i], LOW);
    }
}
// Writes to the buffer. Note this function ORs the current value with the new value
// Note that size is an optional argument with default size the same as the buffer
void writeBuffer(unsigned char b_temp, int size = b_size)
{
    for (int i = (size - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
        if ((b_temp >> i) & 0x01) {
        digitalWrite(b[i], HIGH);
        }
    }
}


void setup() {
    // OUTPUT is a defined macro in Arduino!
    for(int i = 0; i < b_size; i++)
    {
        pinMode(b[i], OUTPUT);
    }
    // We will also read from the serial monitor
    Serial.begin(9600);

  	pinMode(8, INPUT);
    pinMode(9, INPUT_PULLUP);
}

void loop() {
    readData();
    //resetBuffer();

   	s_buf = map(s_buf, 0, 255, 0, 15);
  	//b_buf = s_buf;

    writeBuffer(b_buf);
    b_buf = map(b_buf, 0, 255, 0, 15);

    int counter = 0;
    int prevCounter = 0;

    //PART 2

    int button8State = digitalRead(8);
    b_buf = button8State;


    if(button8State == HIGH){
      	writeBuffer(b_buf);
    }

}