2015-06-23 Core: 10 medical technology

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
(This is the Core class.)
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Extreme Sports: dangerous sports, sports that are more difficult than “normal” sports
motocross
free climbing
skydiving
BASE jumping
bungee jumping
car racing
skateboarding
cave diving
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p. 117 - ultrarunning / ultramarathons
why do people do these sports?
standard marathon (Boston Marathon, New York Marathon, etc.) = 42.195km
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/21/sports/the-marathons-accidental-route-to-26-miles-385-yards.html?_r=0 - history of the official distance of the marathon
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p. 118
prosthetic - an artificial body part for someone who lost it in an injury or was born without it
bionic - prosthetics and other devices that mix bodies with machines
part 1 - listen to the preview for a documentary; which three things is it about?
part 2
1 c
2 f
3 d
4 a
5 e
6 b
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Doctors have developed a process which grows new organs.
“which grows new organs” is an adjective clause, because it is a clause (a group of words with a subject and verb) and it describes a noun (like an adjective does)
We also call it a relative clause, because “which” only makes sense relative to the rest of the sentence (it means a noun from earlier in the sentence: “process”)
It is a defining relative clause, because it defines which process we’re talking about.
(We also call this identifying and restrictive.)
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My father, who lives in Michigan, is now retired.
“who lives in Michigan” is a non-defining relative clause, because it is not necessary to know which “my father” I am talking about.
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part 5
Cochlear implants allow people who are deaf to hear.

Amanda Kitts is learning to do things (that) we take for granted.
Because “we” is the subject of the relative clause, “that” is optional.

Amanda Kitts now has a bionic arm. Her original arm was amputated after an accident.
Amanda Kitts, whose original arm was amputated after an accident, now has a bionic arm.

he / who (subject)
him / who(m) (object) (“whom” is more formal, but “who” is more common)
his / whose (possessive)

“who”, “whom”, and “which” can be replaced with “that” in defining relative clauses
“that” can be removed if the defining relative clause has another subject
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http://www.etymonline.com/
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p. 119 part 7 - complete the sentences with the correct relative pronouns
1 who/that
2 who/that
3 which/that
4 when
5 where/to which/which...to/that...to/-...to
6 whose (it is their movement = possessive)

This is the restaurant. I ate here yesterday. -> This is the restaurant where I ate yesterday.

This is the restaurant. I ate in the restaurant yesterday. -> This is the restaurant in which I ate yesterday.
-> This is the restaurant which I ate in yesterday. -> This is the restaurant (that) I ate in yesterday.
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BREAK
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limbs whose movement mimics the body’s natural steps
- not too strange to use “whose”, because limbs are part of a body

We study in the classroom whose door is broken.
- This is a bit strange, because we don’t think of “classroom” as “who”.
-> We study in the classroom with the broken door.
-> We study in the classroom which/that has a broken door.
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part 8 - cross out “who” or “which” or “that” if it’s possible to remove, and add relative pronouns if they are missing (a sentence may already be correct)
1 ...arm that/which receives…
2 (no change)
3 can remove “that”
4 People who/that have burn...
5 ...patients whose kidneys...
6 can remove “who”
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part 9 - with a partner choose the best word to complete each sentence
1 injured (“wounded” usually means in war or an act of violence, “injured” usually means accidentally)
2 heal (“heal” = it will get better, “treat” means we do something to it, such as put medicine on it)
3 appointment (“date” is romantic, “appointment” is professional)
4 cure (“cure” = completely eliminate a bad condition)
5 hurt
6 treatment
7 monitoring (“monitor” = watch, observe, pay attention to)
8 painful (“painful” = usually with physical pain, “hurtful” = describes an action or statement that causes emotional pain)
side effect: an effect of a treatment that is not the specific, intended effect
bone marrow: the material inside some of your bones that creates red blood cells
die/died/died = the verb (opposite of “live”)
dead = the adjective (opposite of “alive”)
death = the noun (opposite of “life”)
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part 10
A surgeon is a doctor who does operations on patients.
An injection is an action which puts medicine into your body (with a syringe).
Botox is a product which is injected into skin to eliminate wrinkles.
An operating room is a place where surgeons do surgery.
A blood test is an exam that checks blood for different things (including blood type).
An accident is an unexpected event that doesn’t happen on purpose.
An emergency is a situation when you need help immediately.
A scan is a procedure in which doctors make a picture of the inside of your body.
An ambulance is a vehicle that helps people in an emergency. It takes them to the hospital.
Stitches are threads that hold your skin together after it is cut (in an injury or operation) in order to help it heal.
A donor is a person who donates something such as blood, bone marrow, or organs.
Crutches are tools that help you walk if you have an injured leg.
Surgery is an operation that a surgeon does in an operating room.
A technician is a person who does specific practical work in a laboratory (especially with scans and tests).
A ward is a part of a hospital which is for specific patients. (The maternity ward is where pregnant and new mothers are.)
An x-ray is a kind of scan which can show your bones.
A paramedic is a person who works in an ambulance to give first aid in emergency situations.
First aid is the help that you can give before there are paramedics or doctors to help.
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p. 120 part 1
1 F
2 T
3 T
4 T
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Homework: p. 120 parts 2, 3, 4 (and read about Mars)