2015-06-24 Core: 10 mars and first aid

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
(This is the Core class.)
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Homework: p. 120 parts 2, 3, 4 (and read about Mars)
part 2
1 terraforming (“terra” = Earth, terraform = to make another planet similar to Earth)
2 The left side shows the beginning of the process, and the right side shows the possible future.
3 to make it possible to live on Mars
part 3
a 2
b 3
c 1
d 4
part 4
1 600 years
2 changing the atmosphere of Mars
3 We might learn to manage our limited Earth better. We will have space to live apart from Earth.
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Mars One - a program to try to send colonists to Mars by 2025.
The Martian - a new movie with Matt Damon about an astronaut who gets stranded on Mars and has to survive there
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careful - with a lot of care (caution)
careless - without care (without caution)
painful, helpful, hurtful, successful, beautiful, hopeful, wonderful, meaningful, peaceful, harmful
painless, helpless, homeless, jobless, hopeless, meaningless, glassless, handless, toothless, hairless, paperless, wireless, waterless, cordless, lifeless, limitless, colorless, odorless, harmless, hapless, luckless, loveless, friendless, penniless (-less is productive, which means we can create new words with it)
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second conditional = present/future unreal conditional

If I were you, I would use sunglasses today.
present - because it’s about right now
unreal - because in reality I am NOT you

If he were rich,                   he would buy a new car. (He isn’t rich, so he won’t buy a car.)
if + [past without “was”], subj. + would/could/might + base form
(using “was” in the if-clause is possible, but pretty informal)

If I won the lottery tomorrow, I would quit my job and move to Hawaii.
(I don’t expect to win the lottery, so I won’t quit my job.)
I could move to Hawaii. = I would be able to move to Hawaii (but I don’t know yet if I want to).
I might move to Hawaii. = Maybe I would move to Hawaii, but maybe not.

If I could speak French, I could travel alone to Paris.
If I were able to speak French, I would be able to travel alone to Paris.
(“could” can be the past of “can”, as well as the conditional of “can”)

(You do something every day.)
If I were you, I couldn’t do that every day. = it would be impossible for me
If I were you, I might not do that every day. = maybe I would and maybe I wouldn’t
If I were you, I wouldn’t do that every day. = I definitely wouldn’t do it

I wouldn’t do that every day if I were you. (no comma)
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https://books.google.com/ngrams/ - to see how common different words and expressions are in English books
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p. 121 part 10 - in pairs, complete the sentences with the second conditional AND answer the questions
1 had, would be - The first step would be to release the carbon dioxide that is now frozen in the ice.
2 would it take - It would take six months to reach Mars.
3 would it be - Yes, it would be possible.
4 would happen, melted - Carbon dioxide would be released. Then the temperature would go up and rain would fall.
5 would...change, increased - The temperature would go up.
6 could/might we learn - We might learn to manage our limited Earth better.
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BREAK
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(Your project on Friday will be to invent a new extreme sport.)
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p. 124 part 1 - with a partner, put the causes into the correct injury categories, and then add at least one to each category

allergic reactions: eating the wrong food, insect bites, wasp and bee stings, pollen, dust, medicine, air pollution, animal hair, (pretty much anything)

cuts and bruises: blades and knives, tripping or falling, rusty iron, cooking accident, broken glass, paper, earthquake, baseball

sprains and breaks: falling off something, tripping or falling, car accident, sports, fight, blunt force
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scrape/abrasion: a skin injury from rubbing on something rough (like the street)
scar: the change in skin color and/or texture after an injury heals

cuts, scrapes, bruises, blisters, and burns - skin injuries
strains, cramps - muscle injuries
sprains - tendon injuries
breaks/fractures - bone injuries

appendectomy - the operation to remove the appendix, if you have appendicitis (where the appendix is infected and inflamed)

faint
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part 3 “Describing injuries” - which injury type is each statement about?
rash - when the skin turns red, it may or may not also itch or hurt
part 4 - which piece of advice is given for which injury?
part 5a - pronunciation of “and” and other reductions
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Homework: p. 122 parts 1, 2, 5 (about the reading on p. 123)