2014-11-21 Structure: indirect speech

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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Homework: p. 184-185
exercise 4
2 I could
3 what she needed
4 she had to write
5 her
6 what the quotation was
7 it was
8 what she thought it meant
9 it was
10 would like
11 was
12 if she thought it meant
13 could learn
14 she understood
I asked her [what she thought [it meant]].

Do you think it means anything else? ("you" = Sally)
...if she thought it meant anything else.

You can learn something if you listen. ("you" = everyone)
...you could learn something if you listened.

She said, "We have to work together to stop global warming."
-> She said that we had to work together to stop ...
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exercise 5
- I asked her why she thought that
  I asked her, "Why do you think that?" and she said, "...
- she thought we could move him
- I told her that... / I said that...
- He said (to me) that... / He told me that...
- ask him if he has his homework done
- asks us why we didn't let him change sooner
- ask if you are coming for the holidays
  ask: Are you coming for the holidays?
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       "I'll be here," Jack said.
   "Will you be here?" he asked.
"Stop asking me that!" she yelled.

"Sue," the boss said, "bring your camera."

"I think," he said, "I should leave."
He said, "I think I should leave."
"I think I should leave," he said.

"Because," he said, "it was the only way to stop you."
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She told me she was sick. ("tell" requires the listener as an object for reported speech)
She said she was sick. ("say" doesn't require the listener)

tell a lie, tell a story, tell the truth - not reported speech, so it's not necessary to include the listener

"tell" = I'm giving you information or instructions.
(We use "tell" with declarative and imperative sentences.)
		   (statements)   (instructions)

"say" = I'm speaking some words and it's not a question.

("ask" = I'm asking a question.)
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answer, report, reply, wonder, complain, claim, announce...

shout, yell, whisper, mumble, cry, laugh, growl...
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She thanked him.

He asked, "Would you like to come to the party?" (direct)
He asked if she would like to come to the party. (indirect)
He invited her to the party. (summary)

They greeted him warmly.
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Why don't we get together for a beer sometime?
- polite request/invitation to get together

Why don't we put the comma outside the quotation marks?
- direct question about why something is done a certain way
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She said, "I am sick."
He said, "She said that she was sick."
You said, "He said that she had said she was sick."
You said that he'd said that she'd said she was sick.

My friend said that his dad said that his sister saw UFOs.

I know that you cheated.
You know that I know you cheated.
I know that you know that I know you cheated.
You know that I know...
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She said, "I think you are lying."
She said she thought he was lying.
She thought he was lying.

When I was a child I thought I would become a pilot.
I thought I was going to make a lot of money.
I thought I had been asleep for hours, but it had only been a few minutes.
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On Wednesday, he said, "It will be finished by tomorrow."
"tomorrow" meant "Thursday", and today is Friday, so:
-> He said that it would be finished by yesterday.

Yesterday, he said, "I will bring food tomorrow."
"tomorrow" meant "Friday", and today is Friday, so:
-> He said he would bring food today.
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Homework: p. 190