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2015-10-15 Core: 2 dance and gerund/infinitive

gmalivuk
Oct 15th, 2015
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  1. Greg Malivuk
  2. [email protected]
  3. http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
  4. ---
  5. Homework: listen to music from the artists mentioned in the listening, and describe their music with adjectives from p. 22 part 3 and expressions from p. 22 part 1
  6. ---
  7. Choral (a group of people singing)music is often very harmonic (it has a lot of harmony in addition to the melody).
  8. Music sung without any instruments is call a capella.
  9. The Peter Gabriel song is a bit funky.
  10. ---
  11. What different kinds of dance do you know about?
  12. salsa, merengue, vallenato, rumba, samba, tango, flamenco, reggaeton, waltz, cha cha, bachata, tap dancing, break dancing, locking, swing / lindy hopping, ballroom (includes any type of dance that could be done in a formal “ball” setting), joropo
  13. ---
  14. p. 24 - read the article about dance in America
  15. choreographer: person who designs/writes a dance
  16. exhausted: very tired
  17.  
  18. part 3 - what three reasons do people dance? what are three effects that it has?
  19. reasons: to celebrate, to fill the time, to meet people and have a social life
  20. effects: it makes them feel good and improves their mood, it makes them feel young, it reminds them that they are alive
  21. What other things do people do to have these effects?
  22. ---
  23. infinitive = to + base form
  24. “We dance (in order) to celebrate.” - this is an infinitive of purpose (it tells us the purpose of dancing)
  25.  
  26. “We celebrated by dancing.”
  27. “We feel young by keeping in shape.” - this tells us how we do something
  28.  
  29. Why? You pushed the button to turn off the light.
  30. How? You turned off the light by pushing the button.
  31.  
  32. gerund = verb+ing (when it’s used as a noun)
  33. ---
  34. preposition + gerund (always, when it’s the object of the preposition)
  35. infinitive of purpose (always)
  36. adjective + infinitive (almost always)
  37.  
  38. verb + gerund (sometimes - enjoy, like, love, dislike)
  39. verb + infinitive (sometimes - expect, want, like, love, need, hope, seem)
  40. ---
  41. I like to play soccer. = I like playing soccer.
  42.  
  43. I stopped to play soccer. = I stopped (another thing) (in order) to play soccer.
  44. I stopped playing soccer. = I was playing soccer and then I stopped.
  45. (quit, remember, forget, try, regret, go on - these also change meaning depending on gerund or infinitive)
  46. ---
  47. p. 25 part 7 - which word in each sentence is logically incorrect?
  48. 1 “agrees” is not logical
  49. 2 “pretend” is not logical
  50. 3 “involves” is not logical
  51. 4 “refuse” is not logical
  52. 5 “help” is not logical
  53. ---
  54. BREAK
  55. ---
  56. p. 25 part 8 - complete the sentences with the gerund or infinitive, and then talk with your partner about which sentences you agree with or which sentences are true for you (and why or why not?)
  57. 1 doing
  58. 2 Painting (gerunds are usually subjects)
  59. 3 to be
  60. 4 changing (imagine + gerund)
  61. 5 to learn (usually adjective + infinitive)
  62. 6 to play (learn + infinitive)
  63. 7 trying (about is a preposition)
  64. 8 to find (seem + infinitive)
  65.  
  66. It’s hard to be completely original. = I can’t be completely original because originality is too difficult.
  67. It’s hard being completely original. = I am completely original, and this makes my life difficult.
  68.  
  69. What do you need to work on to improve your English? (Infinitives of purpose can go after prepositions.)
  70. Who did you go with to get the groceries?
  71.  
  72. “You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.” = When you’re old, it’s harder to learn new things.
  73. Often older people are set in their ways.
  74. ---
  75. Improving my English is difficult.
  76. It’s difficult to improve my English.
  77. To improve my English is difficult. (strange and a bit formal)
  78. ---
  79. folk = common people (not the aristocracy, not the academics, etc.)
  80. folk dancing, folk song, folktale, folk music
  81. ---
  82. encounter = have some kind of interaction
  83. meet = to get together with someone in person for the first time
  84. ---
  85. part 11 - do you know what these expressions mean? With a partner, make sentences that are true for you, and ask follow-up questions.
  86. 1 listening to music
  87. 2 being on stage
  88. 3 going to dances / (to go to dances)
  89. 4 Playing an instrument
  90. 5 to give a speech
  91. 6 to speak English
  92. ---
  93. I saw him driving. = I saw him, and he was driving at that time.
  94.  
  95. I saw his driving. = I saw the driving (I saw his skill). Maybe I didn’t see him, but I knew he was driving the car and I saw the car.
  96. ---
  97. *I am owning two houses. (WRONG because “owning” is not a dynamic / action verb.)
  98. I enjoy owning two houses. (Okay, because here “owning” is a gerund, and any verb can be a gerund.)
  99. ---
  100. Homework: page 158, practice 1 and 2 (also think of some ideas for a charity fundraising event, which you will design in class tomorrow)
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