2015-03-06 Structure: past unreal conditionals

Greg Malivuk
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http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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Homework: finish pages 376-377, exercises 3-5
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p. 376 exercise 3
1 If I weren't so busy, I would read bedtime stories to my little girl.
2 My husband would ask for a raise if he were ambitious.
3 I would play sports if I were in shape.
4 If I had enough time, I would study for the exam. / would be planning to study...
5 If I weren't too old, I would be going back to school. / I would go back...
6 I could do my job if my boss explained things properly.
7 If I were good at math, I would balance my checkbook.
8 I could stop smoking if I didn't feel nervous all the time.
9 If I weren't so tired, I wouldn't get up so late. / I'd get up earlier.
exercise 4
1 I wish I weren't a fish.
2 I wish I were a handsome prince.
3 I wish I didn't live in the sea.
4 I wish I lived in a castle.
5 I wish I were married to a princess.
6 I wish the fisherman didn't come here every day.
7 I wish his wife didn't always want more.
8 I wish she were satisfied.
9 I wish they left me alone. / I wish they would leave me alone.
10 I wish I could grant my own wishes.
exercise 5
1 What would you do if you were a millionaire?
2 If you were the leader of this country, what would you do?
3 How would you feel if you never needed to sleep?
4 What would you do if you had more free time?
5 If you had three wishes, what would you ask for?
6 What would you do if you didn't have to work?
7 If you had a ticket for anywhere in the world, where would you travel?
8 If you could build anything, what would it be?
9 If you could meet a famous person, who would you want to meet?
10 Who would you have dinner with if you could invite three famous people?
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Past Unreal Conditionals (3rd Conditional):

I was so tired this morning. That's why I got up so late. (real situation)
-> If I hadn't been so tired this morning, I wouldn't have gotten up so late.
   if +      [past perfect]              , would + have + past participle
             = had + past participle       (or "could" or "might")

If you had studied, you would have passed. = You didn't study, so you failed.

If I had woken up earlier, I wouldn't have been late this morning.
= I didn't wake up early, so I was late this morning.

If you had studied, you might have passed. = It's possible that studying would have helped you, but maybe you still wouldn't have passed, for example because you were also very tired.
(In that case: "Even if you had studied, you might not have passed.")

You might have passed. = Maybe you would have passed.
You could have passed. = You would have been able to pass.

If I had had more money, I could have paid for your ticket.
= With more money, it would have been possible to pay for your ticket, but I'm not sure I would have paid for it. I also could have bought more popcorn for myself.

If I have more money, I will pay for your ticket. (future real)
If I had more money, I would pay for your ticket. (present unreal)
If I had had more money, I would have paid for your ticket. (past unreal)

I can pay for your ticket. = I have the ability (but maybe I won't do it).
I could pay for your ticket. = I would have the ability.
I could have paid for your ticket. = I would have had the ability.

I may pay for your ticket. = It is possible (but maybe it won't happen).
I might pay for your ticket. = It would be possible.
I might have paid for your ticket. = It would have been possible.
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(Make p. 376 exercise 3 about the past:)
1 I was so busy. That's why I didn't read bedtime stories to my little girl.
  If I hadn't been so busy, I would have read bedtime stories to my little girl.
2 My husband didn't ask for a raise because he wasn't ambitious.
  My husband would have asked for a raise if he had been ambitious.
3 I didn't play sports because I wasn't in shape.
  I would have played sports if I had been in shape.
4 I didn't have enough time. That's why I didn't study for the exam.
  If I had had enough time, I would have studied for the exam.
5 I was too old. That's why I didn't go back to school.
  If I hadn't been too old, I would have gone back to school.
6 I couldn't do my job because my boss didn't explain things properly.
  I could have done my job if my boss had explained things properly.
7 I wasn't good at math. That's why I didn't balance my checkbook.
  If I had been good at math, I would have balanced my checkbook.
8 I didn't stop smoking because I felt nervous all the time.
  I could have stopped smoking if I hadn't felt nervous all the time.
9 I was so tired. That's why I got up so late.
  If I hadn't been so tired, I wouldn't have gotten up so late.
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Homework: p. 383 and 388-389