2017-06-28 Grammar: order of adjectives

Greg Malivuk
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http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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Homework: p. 35 exercise 4 - Add the two adverbials to each sentence in the correct positions. (Sometimes more than one answer is correct.)
1 Every few months, Gladstone Gulp goes on a new diet because he feels heavy.
  Because he feels heavy, Gladstone gulp goes on a new diet every few months.
  Gladstone Gulp goes on a new diet every few months because he feels heavy.
2 He regularly uses diet pills to increase his metabolism.
  He uses diet pills regularly to increase his metabolism.
  To increase his metabolism, he (regularly) uses diet pills (regularly).
3 He occasionally rides an exercise bicycle very hard to use up calories.
  Occasionally, he rides an exercise bicycle very hard to use up calories.
  To use up calories, he occasionally rides an exercise bicycle very hard.
4 (Sometimes) he (sometimes) trades diet plans (sometimes) with his friend Biff (sometimes).
5 He (carefully) reads (carefully) about every new diet in magazines whenever he can.
  Whenever he can, he (carefully) reads (carefully) about every new diet in magazines.
6 He doesn’t always (carefully) follow their directions (carefully).
7 (Usually) he (usually) drinks a special vitamin supplement to make sure he gets proper nutrition.
  To make sure he gets proper nutrition, he usually drinks a special vitamin supplement.
  Usually, to make sure he gets proper nutrition, he drinks a special vitamin supplement.
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Word order in noun phrases (handout p. 148)
determiner = article, demonstrative (this/that), possessive (his, Greg’s), quantifier (some, most)
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The basic word order is determiner + modifier(s) + noun
Nouns can be modifiers (in compounds):
English learner = learner of English = a person who is learning English
learner English = the kind of English that learners speak
blue sky = sky which is blue
sky blue = the kind of blue that the sky is
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p. 149 exercise 1 - Make five sentences with words from the box, then share with your partner.
(Put words in the box together to make a noun phrase, and then write a sentence about that noun phrase.)
example: I don’t like the really ugly stone animals in front of the famous statue.
University professors are going to go on a very expensive three-week vacation.
Seeing circus animals is a very pleasant experience.
He’s quite an experienced English professor.
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We can put lots of modifiers (adjectives or nouns) together:
a university English professor
a three-week circus vacation
a stone circus animal statue
a famous relaxing vacation
an expensive little university
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The order of noun modifiers is fairly simple:
The postman puts my mail in my mailbox. (a box for the mail)
I open it with my mailbox key. (a key for the box for the mail)
I keep the key in my mailbox key box. (a box for the key for the box for the mail)
I open that box with my mailbox key box key. (a key for the box for the key for the box for the mail)
…
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Sometimes the meaning is "of"
English learner = learner of English
olive oil = oil made of olives
And you can't always know just from the form:
baby oil = oil for babies
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The order of adjectives doesn’t have a simple rule like “of” or “for”.
a table: round, big, beautiful, old, white, marble, Italian
a beautiful big old round white Italian marble table
opinion-size-age-shape-color-origin-material = OSASCOM
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Homework: p. 152 exercise 3 - Complete the sentences with the adjectives in the correct order.