2015-04-07 Structure: present simple & progressive

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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p. 2 (naming conventions in different countries)

Gregory    Hartley     Malivuk
first      middle      last
given                  surname
personal               family name

Sa       Ranghae
family   personal (Korean names)

Nguyen   Thi Thuy   Trang
family   middle     personal (Vietnamese names)

Shaker    Mohammed    H               Albrahim
personal  father’s    grandfather’s   family   (Arabic names)

At a university, I would be Professor Malivuk.
At a school, I could be Mr. Malivuk. (Americans don’t call their teachers “Teacher”, only English students say that.)
A woman would be Miss (if she isn’t married), Mrs. (if she is married), or Ms. (if we don’t know or don’t say whether she’s married).
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When a word is a “mouthful”, it means we think it is difficult or takes a long time to pronounce.
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p. 3 part A
1 a (“in style” = popular)
2 c
3 b
4 c (“convince” and “persuade” means you change someone’s opinion)
5 b (You truly like it, and maybe this is surprising to you or to other people.)
part B
1 F - she’s in Canada
2 T
3 F - first name and middle name (patronym - father’s name)
4 F - he’s *from* Mexico City, but now he’s at the language institute (in Canada)
5 T
6 F - he likes his name, it’s part of his identity

Robinson = Robin’s Son
Johnson = John’s Son
Dickenson = Dicken’s Son
Jameson = James’ Son
(Many English family names originally come from patronyms.)
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Simple Present:
+ I go to school by bus. He goes to school by bus.
  I am a teacher. He is a student. They are businessmen.

- I don’t take the train. He doesn’t take the train.
  I am not a student. He is not a teacher. They are not engineers.

? y/n: Do you take the train?    Does he take the train?
       Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
       Are you a teacher? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
       Is he a student? Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. / No, he’s not.
       Am I late? Yes, you are. / No, you aren’t. / No, you’re not.

  information: Where do you live? Where does he live?
               Where are you from? Where is he from? Where am I?
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Present Progressive:
+ I am studying now. He’s watching TV. They’re sleeping.

- I’m not studying. He’s not reading. They’re not listening to music.

? y/n: Are you studying? Is he watching TV? Am I bothering you?
       Yes, I am.        Yes, he is.        Yes, you are.
       No, I’m not.      No, he isn’t.      No, you aren’t.
  information: What are you doing? What is he doing? What am I doing?
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What do you do? = What is your job? What do you do most of the time?
What are you doing? = What activity are you doing right now in this moment?

Progressive means something is in progress for some time.
Some verbs don’t take any time, so they don’t have a progressive form.
(for example: love, like, want, hate, need, have, … = non-action verbs)
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p. 6 exercise 2
A 1 call - they always call me this
  2 does it come - general fact
  3 means - general fact & non-action verb
  4 do you do - as a job
  5 sell - as a job, frequently
  6 am working - right now (extended present - not exactly in this moment, but “these days”)
  7 owns - fact, non-action
  8 ‘re joking
  9 guess (= believe, non-action)
  10 influence (fact)
B 1 ‘m trying (in this moment)
  2 Do you know (non-action)
  3 mean (non-action)
  4 calls (“every” is singular)
  5 always wins / is always winning (if an action is repeated all the time, we can use present progressive - p. 5 number 5)
C 1 hear (usually non-action)
  2 are expecting (in this moment; also “she’s expecting” = “she’s expecting a baby”, even when we don’t mention the baby)
  3 ‘re looking for (in this moment)
  4 do you think of (= What’s your opinion? non-action)
  5 sounds (non-action)
  6 do you spell (fact)
D 1 wants (non-action)
  2 smells (non-action)
  3 don’t drink = I never drink it
    am not drinking = I have quit drinking coffee temporarily
  4 is boiling (right now; “water” is noncount = “it”, so it has singular verbs)
  5 does water boil (fact)
  6 boils (fact)
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Homework: p. 7 exercise 3