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- The following should be escaped if you are trying to match that character
- \ ^ . $ | ( ) [ ]
- * + ? { } ,
- Special Character Definitions
- \ Quote the next metacharacter
- ^ Match the beginning of the line
- . Match any character (except newline)
- $ Match the end of the line (or before newline at the end)
- | Alternation
- () Grouping
- [] Character class
- * Match 0 or more times
- + Match 1 or more times
- ? Match 1 or 0 times
- {n} Match exactly n times
- {n,} Match at least n times
- {n,m} Match at least n but not more than m times
- More Special Character Stuff
- \t tab (HT, TAB)
- \n newline (LF, NL)
- \r return (CR)
- \f form feed (FF)
- \a alarm (bell) (BEL)
- \e escape (think troff) (ESC)
- \033 octal char (think of a PDP-11)
- \x1B hex char
- \c[ control char
- \l lowercase next char (think vi)
- \u uppercase next char (think vi)
- \L lowercase till \E (think vi)
- \U uppercase till \E (think vi)
- \E end case modification (think vi)
- \Q quote (disable) pattern metacharacters till \E
- Even More Special Characters
- \w Match a "word" character (alphanumeric plus "_")
- \W Match a non-word character
- \s Match a whitespace character
- \S Match a non-whitespace character
- \d Match a digit character
- \D Match a non-digit character
- \b Match a word boundary
- \B Match a non-(word boundary)
- \A Match only at beginning of string
- \Z Match only at end of string, or before newline at the end
- \z Match only at end of string
- \G Match only where previous m//g left off (works only with /g)
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