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Video Capture and Streaming Guide

dr_frienderman
Feb 1st, 2019 (edited)
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  1. = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - =
  2.  
  3. ## Video Capture and Streaming Guide
  4. Revised - Oct/2nd/2024
  5.  
  6. Mirrors :
  7. • https://pastebin.com/VNUmCgr2
  8. • https://www.speedrun.com/metal_arms_glitch_in_the_system/guides/3cum8
  9.  
  10. = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - =
  11.  
  12. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  13. ## Setup and Options
  14. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  15.  
  16. OBS
  17. Open broadcasting software, an open source program used to stream and record
  18. * [OBS Master Tutorial](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nK-Mu7nw5EA&list=PLzo7l8HTJNK-IKzM_zDicTd2u20Ab2pAl)
  19. * [OBS Advanced settings Tutorial](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wu9jOha9vL8)
  20.  
  21. Server
  22. What bank of twitch servers you are broadcasting too, best to pick the one you have the best connection too
  23. * https://imgur.com/a/mRVpVnT
  24.  
  25. Encoding
  26. The process of compressing video to fit more quality into the same bitrate. Heavier encoding is the best solution for better quality on low bitrate streams.
  27.  
  28. X264
  29. CPU (Processor) based video encoding, generally gives best quality
  30. * https://imgur.com/a/XTm8Q7t
  31.  
  32. NVENC
  33. Nvidia's GPU (Graphics card) based video encoding
  34. * https://imgur.com/a/XTm8Q7t
  35. * [New Vs Old NVENC](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fyP7kg0QAc)
  36.  
  37. AMD VCE
  38. AMD's GPU (Graphics card) based video encoding
  39.  
  40. Encoding Preset
  41. How much CPU or GPU you dedicate to encoding your stream, fast uses less, and placebo uses the most
  42. * https://imgur.com/a/ydAY0oY
  43.  
  44. Encoding Profile
  45. Dictates what toolset is used to encode
  46. * https://imgur.com/a/1gj6oki
  47.  
  48. * [Encoding profile] Baseline - Basic toolset, more of a compatibility mode. Least resource intensive, and worst quality
  49. * [Encoding profile] Main - Expanded toolset, Heavier and more resource intensive but a noticable bump in quality over baseline, while maintaining compatibility with most devices
  50. * [Encoding profile] High - Expanded toolset, Heaviest and most resource intensive but also best quality. Some older devices may not be able to decode / view the stream though
  51.  
  52. Encoding Tune
  53. Extra limitations or filters you can put on encoding to give certain results
  54. * https://imgur.com/a/JGZPbAU
  55.  
  56. * [Encoding Tune] film – intended for high-bitrate/high-quality movie content. Lower deblocking is used here.
  57. * [Encoding Tune] animation – intended for cartoons, etc., where deblocking is boosted to compensate for larger, flat areas. More reference frames are used.
  58. * [Encoding Tune] grain – this should be used for material that is already grainy. Here, the grain won't be filtered out as much.
  59. * [Encoding Tune] stillimage – like the name says, it optimizes for still image encoding by lowering the deblocking filter.
  60. * [Encoding Tune] psnr and ssim – these are debugging modes to optimize for good PSNR and SSIM values only. Better metrics don't necessarily mean better quality though.
  61. * [Encoding Tune] fastdecode – disables CABAC and the in-loop deblocking filter to allow for faster decoding on devices with lower computational power.
  62. *[Encoding Tune] zerolatency – optimization for fast encoding and low latency streaming
  63.  
  64. CBR vs VBR
  65. Constant bit rate and Variable bit rate.
  66. CBR is whats used for streaming and limits your data stream to the predetermined amount plus a buffer
  67. VBR is mostly used for recordings and modulates bitrate based on demand
  68.  
  69. Bitrate
  70. The allocated amount of data that you are uploading to the video of your stream or recording. Keep in mind if bit-rate is constant (CBR) it is divided between your frames, at the quality your outputting.
  71. ---Example: At 60fps and 2500 bitrate you would have twice the fps and a smoother stream than 30fps at 2500 bitrate. At the expense of the quality of each individual frame being halved as there are double the frames. At 30 fps with 2500 bitrate video may seem less fluid but the quality of each individual frame will be double that of the 60fps counterpart. Like-wise you could lower the resolution of each frame (Output resolution) and have a higher fps at same bitrate.
  72. * https://imgur.com/a/BEUX4u1
  73.  
  74. Canvas Resolution
  75. The size / resolution of the base you build your scenes on, best to match resolution of whatever you are capturing
  76. * https://imgur.com/a/3ayX6wD
  77.  
  78. Output Resolution
  79. The size / resolution you are uploading to your stream or video. For low bitrate streams going as low as 852x480 may be ideal, for optimal quality its best to use 1280x720.
  80. * https://imgur.com/a/3ayX6wD
  81.  
  82. Downscale Filter
  83. Filter applied to clean up the scaling when obs converts the canvas resolution, to the output resolution to stream it.
  84. * https://imgur.com/a/jMZ4J5U
  85.  
  86. Process Priority Class
  87. Sets the priority for OBS compared to other programs. As encoding can consume a lot of CPU, setting this higher can ensure capturing and encoding is done smoothly
  88. * https://imgur.com/a/7hVYmkw
  89.  
  90. Enable New Networking Code (By WizrdCM)
  91. Also known as the New Socket Loop. Uses an event based API for streaming rather than non-blocking sockets. Reportedly helps with frame drops and disconnections.
  92.  
  93. Low Latency Mode (By notR1CH)
  94. Breaks up big video packets into smaller ones and sends them with spacing (delay) between packets. This attempts to avoid upstream buffering at your modem or other devices, so that game traffic and other network traffic does not get queued behind large amounts of video data. Note that since it does cause more total packets, if used on a poor quality connection it could increase the chance of frame drops. The end result is that you should experience less of an effect from streaming on your in-game latency (ping)
  95.  
  96.  
  97. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  98. ## Audio
  99. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  100.  
  101. Audio Bitrate
  102. The allocated amount of data that you are uploading to the audio of your stream or recording
  103. * https://imgur.com/a/hF3tJo8
  104.  
  105. Compressor
  106. A filter on audio that quiets or boosts the volume whenever you reach pre specified levels
  107. * https://imgur.com/a/AoaJV9O
  108.  
  109. Noise Gate
  110. A filter on audio that mutes the audio when sound levels fall below a certain point, ideal for cutting out controller and keyboard noises when your not talking.
  111. * https://imgur.com/a/mQxPFr5
  112.  
  113. Noise Suppression
  114. A filter on audio usually used on microphones, its used to remove the constant hiss / background static that most mics have. A good start is to remain perfectly silent (with no other filters active) and add more suppression until silence no longer triggers the mic in obs.
  115. * https://imgur.com/a/Z8ZLEs5
  116.  
  117. Gain
  118. A filter on audio that makes the audio louder
  119. * https://imgur.com/a/L7JHFAL
  120.  
  121. Sample Rate
  122. 44K htz vs 48k htz. Polling rate of the audio higher has better quality, but can distort audio if 44,100htz audio is played back at 48,000htz and vice versa. Best to have polling rate of your mic, game, and stream output match.
  123. ---- Example: "basically: in 44.1kHz there are 44100 samples, for each second of audio. 48kHz has 48000 samples for each second. these samples do not really align neatly."
  124. * https://imgur.com/a/S4CcHtw
  125. * https://imgur.com/a/WWBM6hg
  126.  
  127. Audio Bit Depth
  128. Essentially the dynamic range of the audio under a determined sample rate
  129. ---- Example: 16, 24, 32 bit
  130.  
  131. 32 bit floating
  132. All OBS audio is converted to 32 bit floating, 24 bit audio with 8 extra bits of headroom. Then outputted as a 50% larger 24bit audio file
  133.  
  134. Audio Codec
  135. How your audio in encoded, cant be changed via settings but the alternative will automatically be used if installed. I suggest Apples "CoreAudio AAC encoder" (AppleApplicationSupport64.msi).
  136. ---How To: https://obsproject.com/forum/resources/obs-studio-enable-coreaudio-aac-encoder-windows.220/
  137.  
  138. Audio Ducking & Side-Chain
  139. Lowers audio level of one source, when another becomes active
  140. * [Setup Guide](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Te2JERlInQ)
  141.  
  142.  
  143. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  144. ## OBS Scene Composition
  145. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  146.  
  147. Scenes
  148. Different configurations / setups or sources that you create to fit different purposes (Game, Away, Intro, outro, ex)
  149.  
  150. Source
  151. Any file or input device that OBS references (Images, game capture, text, ex.)
  152.  
  153. Overlay
  154. An image source usually a .png that is used to hide where stream elements come together. Such as add a border between the game and splits or facecam.
  155.  
  156. Browser source
  157. A OBS plugin used to reference webpages within obs's built in browser. Has infinite uses but most notably can be used to playback video playlists within OBS, or have chat playback within OBS.
  158. * Get a URL for your chat - https://www.nightdev.com/kapchat/
  159.  
  160. VLC source
  161. A OBS plugin that requires VLC media player to be installed. Used to playback video files within OBS, most notably used for PB video comparisons.
  162.  
  163. Scaling / Scaling filters
  164. Any time you resize something in OBS scaling is introduced. Different scaling filters can bring back some of the quality loss associated with stretching the image or video. These are the same filters that are used if you downscale your output resolution to something smaller than your canvas resolution.
  165. * https://imgur.com/a/0xDuOR2
  166.  
  167. Transform
  168. Flipping, resizing, turning or otherwise modifying the orientation of a source in a scene
  169.  
  170. Reset Transform
  171. Reverts a source back to its default values
  172.  
  173. Crop
  174. A filter for removing pixels from a respective side of a source
  175.  
  176. Opacity
  177. How much transparency the source has
  178.  
  179. Locking a source
  180. There is a small lock beside each source listed within a scene. If the lock is closed the source cannot be moved, when unlocked it can be transformed, moved, scaled ex. Its a good idea to lock down your sources as you get them how you like them to avoid changing them by accident. Just click to the lock to open / close it.
  181.  
  182.  
  183. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  184. ## Video
  185. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  186.  
  187. 4:3 or 16:9
  188. screen formats, 640x480 and 1280x720 pixels respectively
  189. * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_display_resolution#Aspect_ratio
  190.  
  191. Deinterlacing
  192. Translating a (i) "interlaced" video feed to (p) "progressive" video feed.
  193. ---Techquickie - Interlaced vs. Progressive Scan - (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_o5h5SK_70)
  194. * https://imgur.com/a/tSkiTLT
  195.  
  196. Color Correction
  197. A filter on video used to alter the appearance of colors and contrast of the video
  198. * https://imgur.com/a/quU9aqu
  199.  
  200. * [Color Correction] Saturation - Used to boost the intensity of colors
  201. * [Color Correction] Contrast - degree of difference between the lightest and darkest parts of a picture
  202. * [Color Correction] Gamma - Similar to brightness, lightens or darkens the video
  203. "the degree of contrast of a developed photographic image or of a video image"
  204.  
  205. "Washed out"
  206. When the colors and or blacks of the video are faded or not as "deep" as they could or should be
  207.  
  208.  
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  210.  
  211. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  212. # Credits
  213. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  214.  
  215. • Maintained by - Dr_Frienderman
  216. • Misc Explanations by - Habreno, WizrdCM, notR1CH
  217.  
  218.  
  219. = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - = - =
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