E2 Syntax

@name E2 Syntax
@persist Sum
#####Variables##################################################
####Basics##################################################

#[  Variables are defined with a single equal sign (=) ]#

Var_1 = 1

#[  Variables are thrown away at the end of the tick
    To carry a variable across ticks, we put it in @persist, as follows

@persist Var

    Note that you don't need to include a variable's type if the variable is a number
    However, if you set the variable to be anything else, you must specify its type ]#

Var_2 = entity()

#[  Now you must persist Var_2 with its type specified, as follows

@persist Var_2:entity

    When specifying a type, it is in all lower-case, and should be an orange color
    Variable types include:
    - entity
    - string
    - array
    - ranger
    - vector
    - angle

    When persisting multiple variables, they are separated by a space

@persist Var_1 Var_2:entity

    And if they are of the same type, you can enclose them in brackets and specify the type at the end of the brackets ]#

Var_3 = entity()

#[
@persist Var_1 [Var_2 Var_3]:entity

    As Var_2 and Var_3 are both of the type entity, we can group them together

]#



####Variable Types#######################################################################################################################################################################
###Strings####

#[  Strings are basically just text (that can be used by the expression in functions)
    Strings are surrounded by quotations (" and ") ]#

String = "Hello, world"

###Entities############################################################################################################################################################################################################

#[  An entity is any 'thing' in the world
    Entities are usually called via some function, like entity(), which returns the E2 chip itself ]#

Entity = entity()

###Vectors#########################################################################################################################

#[  A vector is either a direction or position (or both)
    A vector can be created with vec(x,y,z) or called via a function ]#

Vector_1 = vec(20,20,100)

Vector_2 = Entity:pos()

###Angles#########################################################################################################################

#[  An angle specifies the orientation of an object (or just itself)
    Similarly to vectors, angles can be created with ang(p,y,r) or called via a function ]#

Angle_1 = ang(90,45,0)

Angle_2 = Entity:angles()

###Arrays#########################################################################################################################

#[  An array is basically a list of entities, vectors, strings, angles, rangers, etc.
    They're extremely useful when storing a lot of data for later manipulation
    Arrays can be created with array(variable 1,2,3,4,..n), or called with a function ]#

Array_1 = array(Angle_1, Angle_2, Vector_1, Vector_2)

Array_2 = players()



#####Functions##################################################

#[  A function is basically anything that actively does something
    Functions always start with a lower-case letter, but may have upper-case letters to separate words
    Variables can make functions easier to read, as well as create less lag if used frequently ]#

findByName(String)

#[  Functions are always immediately succeeded by open parenthasese (()
    And always ended by closed parenthases ())

    Every ( must have a ) to close it ]#

findByName(Entity:owner():name())

#[  Parenthasese are also used in order of operations
    Functions can be called within functions, depending on whether its output is valid ]#
#####Statements##################################################

#[  If statements are checked once every tick
    If their condition is true, then it runs its statement:

if(condition) { statement }

    An if-else statement is just an if statement thats extended to run a code if its condition is false

if(condition) { statementtrue } else { statementfalse }

    Similarly, there are if-elseif statements, that only run if the previous if check failed and its own conditions are true
    And can be build onto itself

if(condition) {
    statement

    } elseif(condition) {
        statement

    } elseif(condition) {
        statement

    } else {
        statement
    }


####Loops####

#[  For loops are incredibly useful with arrays
    In the format for(Var = A, B, C) { statement }:
    Substitute for Var every C(-st/nd/rd/th) number from A to B

    Generally I is used in place of Var, and C is commonly left out, as it isn't always needed ]#

for(I = 1, 10) {
    Sum = Sum + I

}

#[  Note that when defining a variable Var with itself, you must put it in @persist

    In this example, Sum would equal 55 (1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10) ]#


#[  While loops loop infinitely per tick, at least until their condition is false
    You would be better off with a for loop 99% of the time

while(condition) { statement }

]#