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- Path: archiver1.google.com!news1.google.com!newsfeed.stanford.edu!logbridge.uoregon.edu!HSNX.atgi.net!ra.nrl.navy.mil!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!senator-bedfellow.mit.edu!dreaderd!not-for-mail
- Message-ID: <usenet/software/nn/faq/part1_1036237902@rtfm.mit.edu>
- Supersedes: <usenet/software/nn/faq/part1_10...@rtfm.mit.edu>
- Expires: 14 Dec 2002 11:51:42 GMT
- X-Last-Updated: 2002/07/16
- Newsgroups: news.software.nn,news.answers
- Subject: NN Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) with Answers
- Keywords: FAQ,nn,news,question,answer,newsrc,digest,article,NNTP,
- newsgroup,cancel,mail,signature,header,netnews,Usenet,kill
- Summary: This document answers Frequently Asked Questions about NN, a
- menu-based, point and shoot, USENET news reader. It should
- be read by new NN users and news.software.nn readers and
- before posting to this newsgroup.
- Followup-To: poster
- From: Sascha Geschwandtner <elfish...@gmx.de>
- Approved: news-answe...@MIT.EDU
- Organization: We all are one.
- Originator: faq...@penguin-lust.MIT.EDU
- Date: 02 Nov 2002 11:52:04 GMT
- Lines: 2293
- NNTP-Posting-Host: penguin-lust.mit.edu
- X-Trace: 1036237924 senator-bedfellow.mit.edu 3934 18.181.0.29
- Xref: archiver1.google.com news.software.nn:546 news.answers:46104
- Archive-name: usenet/software/nn/faq/part1
- Last-modified: $Date: 2002/07/16 19:29:57 $
- Version: $Revision: 20020716.1 $
- Posting-Frequency: monthly
- This is a living list of frequently asked questions on the Usenet
- news reader NN (No News is Good News). The point of this is to
- circulate existing information, and avoid rehashing old answers.
- Better to build on top than start again. Please read this document
- before ever posting to this newsgroup.
- This article is posted monthly. If it has already expired and
- you're not reading this, you can hope that you saved the
- instructions to retrieve the FAQ (see "Where can I get nn") so that
- you can get a copy through other means.
- Please do not post an answer when someone posts a frequently asked
- question; rather, email the relevant section of the FAQ to eliminate
- unnecessary traffic in this newsgroup.
- This list depends on your comments, additions and fixes: please send
- them to Sascha Geschwandtner <mailto:s...@s.netic.de>.
- Copyright 1991-1999 Bill Wohler
- 2000-2002 Sascha Geschwandtner
- Permission to use, copy, distribute, and translate this document for
- any non-commercial purpose is hereby granted, provided that this
- copyright notice appears in all copies. Commercial distributions
- require prior written consent.
- This article is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
- Subject: Table of Contents
- From: Sascha Geschwandtner <s...@s.netic.de>
- Date: 02 Jul 2002
- Legend: + new, - deleted, ! changed
- __________________
- 01.00 Introduction
- 01.01 Why should I use nn?
- !01.02 What is the current version of nn?
- 01.03 Where can I get nn?
- 01.04 What references exist for nn?
- 01.05 How should I report bugs?
- 01.06 How can I convert from rn to nn?
- 01.07 How can I make life simpler when starting nn for the first time?
- 01.08 Is there an X interface to nn?
- 01.09 Can I connect to a remote news server?
- _________________
- 02.00 Building nn
- 02.01 What machines does nn run on?
- 02.02 Is it possible to restrict the groups that users have access to?
- 02.03 Can I set up nn securely?
- ___________________
- 03.00 Command Input
- ____________________
- 04.00 Selection Mode
- 04.01 How come nn doesn't show the Lines count?
- 04.02 Why does nn crash when an invalid letter is selected?
- 04.03 How do I search for an author in a menu?
- 04.04 How do I select all articles in one fell swoop?
- ___________________________
- 05.00 Reading Mode Commands
- 05.01 How can I see the original article with the current subject?
- 05.02 Why do articles without a Lines header appear empty?
- 05.03 Can the article viewer/pager be changed?
- 05.04 How can I read MIME (multi-media mail) articles?
- 05.05 How can I read HTML (World Wide Web, Mosaic) articles?
- 05.06 Why am I reading cross-posted articles more than once?
- 05.07 Why do I get a "Canceled or expired" error?
- _____________________
- 06.00 Saving Articles
- 06.01 How do I save files that I can read later with MH, elm, Mail, ...?
- 06.02 What's the best way to save multi-part articles?
- 06.03 When saving in +a/b/c keeps you from saving in +a/b.
- 06.04 How can I change the default name of a save file?
- 06.05 Can I save all unread articles non-interactively into a file?
- 06.06 Can I download news to my PC?
- ________________________
- 07.00 Folder Maintenance
- 07.01 How can I remove old articles from folders?
- ________________________________________
- 08.00 Posting and Responding to Articles
- 08.01 How can I post prewritten articles with nn?
- 08.02 How can nn automatically append my signature?
- 08.03 How do I eliminate double signatures?
- 08.04 Can the signature come from a different file or program?
- 08.05 How do I save my posts and replies automatically?
- 08.06 Can I use my editor to edit posts and replies?
- 08.07 Can I use my mailer to send mail?
- 08.08 Can nn use aliases when sending mail?
- 08.09 How can I set a different Organization name?
- 08.10 How can I make mail replies go to a different machine?
- 08.11 How can I change how my real name appears?
- 08.12 How can I customize my mail headers for mail and posting?
- 08.13 How do I post locally?
- 08.14 Can I read my mail with nn?
- _____________________________
- 09.00 Jumping to Other Groups
- 09.01 How can I see which newsgroups are available?
- 09.02 Why do I get *NO*UPDATE* and what can I do about it?
- __________________________________
- 10.00 Automatic Kill and Selection
- 10.01 Can non-selected subjects be automatically placed in my kill file?
- 10.02 Can I automatically kill articles based on the Newsgroups header?
- 10.03 How can I find all articles having to do with a certain topic?
- 10.04 Can I select one article in a thread when auto-select-subject set?
- 10.05 Can one search for patterns in the entire article from the menu?
- 10.06 How come more articles get selected than I expect?
- 10.07 Any plans for trn-ish thread following?
- 10.08 Can one kill articles based on the number of lines?
- 10.09 Can one kill messages by Internet address?
- 10.10 Can I kill spam?
- _________________________________
- 11.00 The Format of the Kill File
- ____________________________
- 12.00 Miscellaneous Commands
- 12.01 Can I choose newsgroups as I do articles, ie. with a menu?
- 12.02 How do I unsubscribe to all groups?
- 12.03 How can I get nn to stop adding new newsgroups?
- ____________________
- 13.00 The Init Files
- 13.01 How do I customize nn or change nn's behavior?
- 13.02 How can nn be used when multiple users share the same login?
- 13.03 Sample init files
- ___________________________
- 14.00 Variables and Options
- 14.01 Setting new-group-action to "ask before adding" doesn't work.
- _______________________
- 15.00 Macro Definitions
- 15.01 Is there a library of macros and other nn features?
- __________________
- 16.00 Key Mappings
- ____________________
- 17.00 Command Groups
- _________________________________
- 18.00 Group Presentation Sequence
- 18.01 How can I avoid seeing NEW groups?
- _______________________________
- 19.00 NN Maintenance & nnmaster
- 19.01 Why does nnmaster stop collecting articles at the "junk" group?
- 19.02 How do I cope with "Incomplete MASTER file"?
- 19.03 Why isn't nnmaster working?
- 19.04 Why did nnmaster stop working?
- 19.05 Why do I get ".../MASTER not found"?
- 19.06 Why do I get "cannot open 'x' file"
- 19.07 Why do I get "Lost connection to server foobar"
- 19.08 Why doesn't nn display messages when not using NNTP?
- 19.09 Why do I get "Notice: no news has arrived for the last n hours"?
- 19.10 How can I fix a "Master/GROUPS conflict"?
- 19.11 Why does expire take so long?
- 19.12 Why is nn so slow?
- ________
- Appendix
- Glossary & Acknowledgments
- nn-use-mh
- nn_elm
- nnalias
- nn-use-urlview
- nn-use-lynx
- ------------------------------
- Subject: Viewing This Article
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- To skip to a particular question with Subject or number xx, use
- "/^S.*xx" with most pagers. In GNU Emacs type "M-C-s ^S.*xx", (or
- C-r to search backwards), followed by ESC to end the search.
- To skip to new or changed questions, use "/^S.*[!+]" with most pagers and
- "M-C-s ^S.*[!+]" in GNU Emacs.
- This article is in digest format. nn may have already broken this
- message into separate articles; if not, then type "G %". In rn, use
- ^G to skip sections.
- This article is treated as an outline when edited by GNU Emacs. Run
- "M-x describe-mode" to see available outline-mode commands. Useful
- commands are "M-x hide-body", "C-c C-s" (show-subtree) and "M-x
- show-all"
- Check out the Usenet Hypertext FAQ Archive (see "What references
- exist for nn?"). Files available by ftp, man pages, and other Web
- pages, as well as cross-references like the one in this paragraph
- are just a click away.
- A "Date" field whose time is 00:00:00 is approximate. The month and
- year in these fields represent the time they were added to the FAQ,
- rather than when they were contributed by the author, as is the case
- since November, 1995.
- If you should need the Internet address, use nslookup or dig if you
- have them, or send mail to mailto:d...@grasp.insa-lyon.fr> with
- "help" for a Subject.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 01.00 ***** Introduction *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 01.01 Why should I use nn?
- From: Kim Storm <st...@olicom.dk>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- nn is a menu based (point and shoot) netnews reader with a complete
- set of features to satisfy both the expert and the novice user. Since
- its first release in Denmark in 1984 (!), in Europe in 1988, and the
- global release in June 1989, it has replaced rn and other well-known
- news readers at many sites.
- Some of the key features of nn are:
- * Menu-based article selection prior to reading the articles with the
- articles sorted according to subject and posting time.
- This significantly reduces the time spent on news reading. No
- keystrokes are wasted on articles you don't want to read, and only
- the articles selected on the menu will be read.
- * Release 6.4 uses standard .newsrc, and can leave individual
- articles unread.
- * Digests are automatically split and presented as ordinary articles!
- You can transparently save and respond to individual sub-articles.
- * Full folder support: read, save, and delete individual articles.
- * Online help and manual.
- * Built-in unshar and patch functions.
- * Built-in uudecode function which will automatically unpack,
- concatenate, and decode multi-part postings.
- * Easy remapping of keys with advanced macro definition features.
- * Automatic kill & selection of articles based on subject or author.
- * User specified presentation sequence of news groups based on the
- news group hierarchy.
- * Whole classes of news groups can easily be unsubscribed
- permanently, e.g., talk.all and all.politics
- * Related groups can be merged and presented as a single group, e.g.
- comp.emacs and all gnu.emacs groups.
- * Blindingly fast 'search for subject'. On my Texas S1500 system, nn
- uses less than 20 seconds to find all articles on a specific
- subject among 64000 articles in all groups!
- * News collection and presentation is extremely fast, because nn uses
- its own database on top of the standard news system.
- * In a distributed environment, the database can be shared among all
- hosts on the network. Only one daemon is needed on the news server
- for all hosts. This works in a heterogeneous environment as well.
- * NNTP is also supported (using a local database for speed).
- Because of the database, nn starts almost equally fast (in a few
- seconds), no matter whether you have 100 or 10000 unread articles!
- The database takes up some disk space, but dramatically improves speed
- and functionality. The amount of disk space consumed is approx. 1Mb
- per 10000 articles.
- From: Nancy McGough <nan...@ii.com>, Tom Christiansen <tch...@mox.perl.com>
- Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- Here's a comparison between nn and trn.
- Notation
- + is an advantage
- o is neutral
- - is a disadvantage
- ? is something I don't know about
- nn 6.4.16
- + Easier macro language.
- + More powerful kill/select abilities (ANDing, ORing).
- + Faster auto killing/selecting.
- + Can split/unsplit digests.
- + Dedicated newsgroup (news.software.nn) for discussion.
- + l command for flagging (with =) and leaving an article to deal
- with it later (this is better than trn's M command which just
- returns an article as unread next time).
- + Can easily mail a copy of a followup article to the author
- you're responding to.
- + Can easily mail articles you read/post to other addresses.
- + Incredibly customizable.
- + Can easily view and organize your folders (both mail and news) with nn.
- + Can merge newsgroups.
- + Can search all (or some) newsgroups for subject and/or author.
- + Can have spell check one of the options before posting/mailing article.
- + Can set default save directory for each newsgroup that is not
- necessarily. one of the interpreted strings (e.g., my default
- save dir for comp.editors is +vi)
- - Can only search on subject and/or author; also author is the
- "real name" . rather than full From line
- - Macro names limited to 2 characters (as far as I can tell).
- - Does not thread (yet).
- ? More powerful macro language.
- trn 3.0
- + Newsgroup selection level is friendlier than nn's A/B
- (advance/back) commands (I like being able to see the list of
- newsgroups that I say no to).
- + True threading (uses References line).
- + Graphic view of thread ("article tree").
- + Uses NOV (new overview database) for fast searching of headers;
- also NOV is used by other newsreaders (eventually nn too).
- + Can search body of article.
- + Can search full header.
- + Can reorder subscription list from within TRN (using m).
- + Can have macro names longer than 2 characters.
- + Active participation by trn developer in newsgroup
- (news.software.readers).
- + Can modify the sort order (e.g., most recent at the top).
- + Intrinsic commands for going to root/leaf of a thread (in nn you
- need to do this with macros or a sequence of commands)
- + Intrinsic command for auto-selecting your articles.
- + Easy to change attribution line to whatever you want (using ATTRIBUTION).
- + When you post you get lots of blank headers (e.g., Followup-To)
- put into your editor.
- + Can easily mail articles you read/post to other addresses
- + Incredibly customizable.
- + Can have spell check one of the options before posting/mailing article.
- o Newsgroup (news.software.readers) for discussion but also
- contains lots of non-TRN discussion.
- - Harder macro language.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 01.02 What is the current version of nn?
- From: Sascha Geschwandtner <s...@s.netic.de>
- Date: 02 Jul 2002
- The current version of nn is 6.6.4, released on 28 Jun 2002.
- The development of nn has been taken over by Michael T. Pins
- <mailto:mtp...@nndev.org>. Bug reports, fixes and suggestions
- should be sent to him.
- All other discussion regarding nn is carried out in news:news.software.nn.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 01.03 Where can I get nn?
- From: Sascha Geschwandtner <s...@s.netic.de>
- Date: 24 Feb 2002
- The official master site for nn is http://www.nndev.org
- via FTP:
- the latest version can be found below the following subdirectory:
- ftp://ftp.nndev.org/pub/nn-6.6/
- In order to find older versions, have a look at the respective
- subdirectories in ftp://ftp.nndev.org/pub/.
- Unofficial patches to nn can be found in
- http://www.math.fu-berlin.de/~guckes/nn/patches. They may later be
- incorporated into the source and released.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 01.04 What references exist for nn?
- From: Sascha Geschwandtner <s...@s.netic.de>
- Date: 26 Sep 2000
- On-line Documents:
- http://www.math.fu-berlin.de/~guckes/nn/
- http://www.ii.com/internet/messaging/nn/
- http://www.faqs.org/faqs/usenet/software/nn/getting-started/
- ftp://ftp.halcyon.com/pub/ii/Internet/NN/
- Usenet:
- news:news.software.nn
- This document:
- via WWW
- http://www.faqs.org/faqs/usenet/software/nn/faq/part1/preamble.html
- http://www.cs.ruu.nl/wais/html/na-dir/usenet/software/nn/faq/part1.html
- via anonymous ftp:
- ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/usenet/software/nn/faq/part1
- ftp://ftp.uu.net/archive/usenet/news.answers/usenet/software/nn/faq/part1
- ftp://ftp.cs.ruu.nl/pub/NEWS.ANSWERS/usenet/software/nn/faq/part1
- via mail:
- mailto:mail-...@rtfm.mit.edu
- as the body of the message:
- send /usenet/news.answers/usenet/software/nn/faq/part1
- Signature, Finger, & Customized Headers FAQ:
- via WWW:
- http://www.faqs.org/faqs/signature_finger_faq/
- via anonymous ftp:
- ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/signature_finger_faq
- via mail:
- mailto:mail-...@rtfm.mit.edu
- as the body of the message:
- send /usenet/news.answers/signature_finger_faq
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 01.05 How should I report bugs?
- From: Sascha Geschwandtner <s...@s.netic.de>
- Date: 18 Oct 2001
- Send them to mtp...@nndev.org.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 01.06 How can I convert from rn to nn?
- From: Ian Taylor <i...@airs.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Why bother? On our system some people use nn and some people use
- rn. In fact, since they both use the same .newsrc format, it is
- perfectly possible to use both.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 01.07 How can I make life simpler when starting nn for the first time?
- From: Peter Wemm <pe...@dialix.oz.au>
- Date: Fri, 1 Oct 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- Use nnsub and eep. See the enclosed documentation to see which you
- prefer. [note: only available in 6.5.0 beta].
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- The standard method is to run:
- nngrep -a | sed -e 's/ *$/!/' > .newsrc # add \ before ! in csh
- and then edit .newsrc, replacing the '!' with a ':' for those
- groups you're interested in.
- From: Joerg Napp <na...@uni-paderborn.de>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- I think a nice way is to use the catch-up facility. Start nn -a0
- and let nn catch up automatically. After some hours restart nn and
- unsubscribe to uninteresting groups having news articles. Restart
- nn the following day and continue unsubscribing.
- After one week, you have a nice .newsrc.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 01.08 Is there an X interface to nn?
- From: Toivo Pedaste <to...@uniwa.uwa.edu.au>
- Date: Tue, 19 Nov 1996 23:54:41 -0800
- NN-TK retains the basic structure of screen mode NN where you first
- select the articles in a group you want to read and then page
- through them. All the old NN commands should still work.
- The TCL/TK code provides a GUI interface with command menus and
- buttons, the use of the mouse to select articles, a scrolling panel
- for displaying articles and group selection using either of
- scrolling panel or cascading menus. There is a panel that displays
- the Reference thread tree structure. If EXMH is available then there
- is also an internal editor for posting items and the ability to send
- and read MIME and PGP messages as well as to turn URL's into buttons
- for passing to NETSCAPE (or another WWW reader).
- The source is in: ftp://ftp.uwa.edu.au/pub/nn/nn-tk.tar.gz 881k
- and can be compiled into either nn or nn-tk. The nn version has a
- few advantages over the usual nn: there's a command for reloading
- the newsgroup info while running and an option for not reading the
- active file on startup (useful for slow NNTP connections). This
- version will compile under tcl7.6/tk4.2 (as well as 7.4/4.0).
- In nn-6.5.1, there is a simple text panel, with highlighting and
- mouse sensitivity within an xterm.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 01.09 Can I connect to a remote news server?
- From: Joseph Guerrant <jg...@primenet.com>
- Date: 23 Apr 1996 08:50:01 -0700
- Yes, as with other newsreaders just set the NNTPSERVER environment
- variable (in versions 6.5 and later). E.g.,
- NNTPSERVER=news.primenet.com
- export NNTPSERVER
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 02.00 ***** Building nn *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 02.01 What machines does nn run on?
- From: Sascha Geschwandtner <s...@s.netic.de>
- Date: 24 Feb 2002
- Please send updates to mailto:s...@s.netic.de.
- Operating systems:
- NeXT 1.0 Linux
- AIX FreeBSD / NetBSD / OpenBSD
- A/UX 1.1, 3.0 Mac OS X
- SunOS Motorola System V/88 Release 3
- Texas Instruments System 1500 Interactive Unix on 386
- dnix 5.2 on DIAB DS90 NCR tower
- dnix 5.3 on DIAB DS90 ULTRIX systems
- Dynix 3.0 on Symmetry Mips running riscos 4.0 or greater
- Fortune 32:16 Riscos 4.5 and later
- HP-UX Microport Unix V.2
- Amdahl UTS 2.0 Xenix
- Dynix/PTX on Symmetry Tandy 68000/Xenix 3.2
- Pyramid (and Targon 35) OSF/1
- SCO Unix V on 386 Solaris 2.6 or newer
- IRIX Siemens SINIX
- Hardware platforms:
- Amdahl 5890 (big iron) Siemens MX300
- AT&T 3b2 Pyramid (and Targon 35)
- Convex IBM 6150
- DECstation 3100 Silicon Graphics 4D series
- Gould PN6000 SPARC processors
- HP9000 series 320 and 800 (at least) Sequent Symmetry
- Intel 80386 and newer (Pentium etc.) VAX family
- Motorola 68000 family Alpha
- Motorola 88000 risc MIPS processors
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 02.02 Is it possible to restrict the groups that users have access to?
- From: Alexis Rosen <ale...@panix.com>
- Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- Create a new group for the people who can read the special groups.
- Call it "privnews", for example. (In /etc/group put the user id of
- each person who's in that group on that group's line.) Then change
- the group of the spool directory which contains the restricted
- newsgroup to "privnews" (leaving the owner as news), and set the
- mode to 750.
- From: Steve Simmons <s...@wotan.iti.org>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Note that this only works if you are not using NNTP to read news.
- There is currently no mechanism that will allow this to work with
- NNTP.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 02.03 Can I set up nn securely?
- From: Greg Black <g...@werple.mira.net.au>
- Date: 26 Feb 1995 06:32:05 +1100
- It would be trivial to hack nn to first look elsewhere for the
- user's init file--which would be owned by root with 644 permissions
- in a directory owned by root with 711 permissions. The init file
- would have the user's name so the right one would be chosen. If
- this special init file was found, then the `G' command could be
- disallowed.
- Of course, unless the news spool is also protected, the users can
- read the articles with other tools, so you'd also need to make nn
- setgid and the news spool directories only accessible to that group.
- This avoids the problem of users building their own nn, since they
- can't make it setgid.
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Diffs are unfortunately not included, but this is what you can do:
- o Set shell-restrictions in the setup file.
- o Set and lock *every* variable which is used to execute commands.
- o Modify the source to avoid display/save/print files above the
- home-directory if shell-restrictions is set (mainly in save.c).
- o Modify the source to avoid changing directories if shell-restrictions
- is set.
- o Modify the source to avoid showing the contents of locked variables.
- In particular, the following variables should be locked:
- backup-folder-path, backup-suffix, bug-report-address, decode-header-file,
- editor, folder, inews, mail, mail-record, mailer, news-record, newsrc,
- pager, patch-command, printer, record, spell-checker, unshar-header-file
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 03.00 ***** Command Input *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 04.00 ***** Selection Mode *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 04.01 How come nn doesn't show the Lines count?
- From: Karl Kleinpaste
- Date: Fri, 1 Oct 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- C News sites can turn on Lines: header creation (we do here), but
- the default has it turned off. I wish more would turn it on, as
- several newsreaders put it to use, and it's the most easily
- available metric of article size when showing the user a menu of
- available articles.
- From: Henry Spencer
- Date: Fri, 1 Oct 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- We're unenthusiastic about Lines:, which is why it's off by default
- and little-documented. *The* most easily available metric of
- article size is not line count -- which is often slightly wrong, by
- the way -- but byte count, which is available without even parsing
- the headers.
- You can tell C News to add Lines: headers to articles *posted*
- locally, but C News has no provision for adding headers to traffic
- coming in from other sites. [Specifically, search for the string
- "uncomment" in inews, and uncomment those lines. --bw]
- From: Peter Wemm <pe...@dialix.oz.au>
- Date: Fri, 1 Oct 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- You'll always get the lines header if you run INN.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 04.02 Why does nn crash when an invalid letter is selected?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Tue, 1 Sep 1992 00:00:00 -0800
- This is fixed in patch 17.
- Your terminal modes will be screwed up after such an event, so
- you'll have to type ^J (or LINE-FEED) repeatedly until a prompt is
- seen, and then run
- stty -sane^J
- or
- reset
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 04.03 How do I search for an author in a menu?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- Add the following macro to your init file (~/.nn/init) and invoke
- via '_' (underscore).
- # _ does search on sender (as = does a search on subject)
- map menu _ (
- :set select-on-sender
- find input
- :unset select-on-sender
- message
- )
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 04.04 How do I select all articles in one fell swoop?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Type "=.*" and hit return. The pattern ".*" matches all subject lines.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 05.00 ***** Reading Mode Commands *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 05.01 How can I see the original article with the current subject?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- While reading an article, use "G RET RET RET".
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 05.02 Why do articles without a Lines header appear empty?
- From: Gary Morris <ga...@telesoft.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- This problem only shows up if you have header-lines set to a string
- that includes "L". It is suspected that having the line count patch
- sets something that makes nn think there is a Lines header and then
- the header-string is telling it to display the Lines header but
- there isn't one and things get messed up.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 05.03 Can the article viewer/pager be changed?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- No. And for good reason. There are too many commands in nn's pager
- that less, for example, doesn't know anything about.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 05.04 How can I read MIME (multi-media mail) articles?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 1 May 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- Using metamail, you can do one of the following:
- "Print" the message. Use the "P" command and:
- set printer metamail
- "save" the message. Use "s" and specify "|metamail" as a filename.
- metamail can be found at:
- ftp://ftp.bellcore.com/pub/nsb/mm2.7.tar.Z
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 05.05 How can I read HTML (World Wide Web, Mosaic) articles?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Add the following to ~/.nn/init. The "lynxify" script is in the
- Appendix.
- map show ^F (
- save-full "|lynxify"
- redraw
- )
- When reading the article with HTML references, use C-f. Note that
- just "ftp://ftp.ii.com/pub/ii" won't be enough; you'd need to see
- something like <A HREF="ftp://ftp.ii.com/pub/ii">Nancy McGough,
- Infinite Ink</A> for lynx to pick it up.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 05.06 Why am I reading cross-posted articles more than once?
- From: Richard Todd <rmt...@servalan.servalan.com>
- Date: Sun, 1 May 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- If you're running INN, edit /usr/lib/news/overview.fmt and uncomment
- the line with 'Xref:full' in it. If you're running Cnews with the
- NOV patches, you'll have to edit mkov.c (I think) appropriately and
- recompile; the code for putting Xref: in the NOV database is in
- there, just commented out.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 05.07 Why do I get a "Canceled or expired" error?
- From: Michael T Pins <mtp...@nndev.org>
- Date: 18 Jul 2001
- For the newsgroup-articles menu, nn looks at the
- nnmaster/NOV database, and builds it's list from there.
- Only when it attempts to display an article does it try to
- open the actual file. If it's not there, it gives the above
- message (it has no way of knowing *why* it's not there).
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 06.00 ***** Saving Articles *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 06.01 How do I save files that I can read later with MH, elm, Mail, ...?
- From: Sven Guckes <guc...@math.fu-berlin.de>
- Date: Wed, 28 Feb 96 14:45 MET
- Run the following (or add it to your init file) to prevent the
- addition of a `~' prefix in front each line of the header of saved
- messages.
- :unset embedded-header-escape
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Mon, 27 Nov 1995 19:19:07 -0800
- MH:
- Save your files with +$F/$N. For example, if you save message 10
- in news.software.nn in this way, you will create a file called
- ~/News/news/software/nn/10. If you have a symbolic link from
- ~/Mail/news to ~/News, then you can look at your saved nn
- messages with "scan +news/news/software/nn".
- This method stands a small chance of overwriting existing
- messages if you add messages to these folders outside of news.
- You may also wish to run "folder -pack" occasionally to renumber
- the messages starting with 1. Brian's solution below avoids
- these problems.
- Mail
- Add "set mail-format" to your init file.
- From: Brian Exelbierd <b...@usa.net>
- Date: Sun, 12 Nov 1995 15:40:51 -0500
- The following script allows the easy saving of articles into any MH
- folder, giving the article a message number one higher than the
- current highest messge. It deliberately does not provide group name
- defaulting.
- Add the following to your init file:
- set default-save-file |nnsave2mh
- Where nnsave2mh looks like:
- if test $1; then
- cat <&0 > `mhpath new +$1`
- else
- cat <&0 > `mhpath new +news`
- fi
- When you save in nn, you'll be prompted by "|nnsave2mh". Enter the
- name of the folder (minus the `+'); otherwise, the message will be
- saved in +news.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 06.02 What's the best way to save multi-part articles?
- From: Kim Storm <st...@olicom.dk>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- All you have to do is to save the articles from the menu, e.g.
- W(rite) +file.* a b c d... <space>
- where a b c d... are the articles on the menu you want to save. You
- can also save the selected articles on the menu with * (only on
- current page) or + (on all menu pages).
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 06.03 When saving in +a/b/c keeps you from saving in +a/b.
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>, Andrew Swann <sw...@imada.ou.dk>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- This happens when default-save-file is $F. Try changing
- default-save-file to $F/$N (my favorite) to get, for example,
- +news/software/nn/1022, or $G to put everything in
- +news.software.nn. Finally, if you really did want the behavior of
- +$F, a compromise would be to use +$F. (Andrew's favorite) instead
- (one can use anything other than '.').
- From: Harry Herman <herman@corpane.uucp>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Alternatively, use +$F/$L, to place articles for news.software.nn in
- the file +/news/software/nn/nn. This has two advantages:
- 1) You can later read through the folder "nn" and save some of the
- articles under new folder names having to do with the topic. For
- example, you might save auto-select topics under +$F/auto-sel,
- that is, +/news/software/nn/auto-sel.
- 2) If at a later date, a new newsgroup is added below nn, articles
- can still be saved under that subgroup since +/news/software/nn is
- already a directory, not a folder.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 06.04 How can I change the default name of a save file?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- The variable default-save-file controls how files are named. By
- default, the value of default-save-file is +$F (components of the
- newsgroup become directories, last component is the file name).
- This isn't a good idea (see also "When saving in +a/b/c keeps you
- from saving in +a/b"). However, most sites change that to +$G (file
- has the same name as the newsgroup) in the system init file.
- From: Sven Guckes <guc...@inf.fu-berlin.de>
- Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- You can also set default save files on a per-newsgroup level. To do
- this, add the default save file to the newsgroup in your sequence
- (in ~/.nn/init). For example,
- news.software.nn +nn
- From: Alex Martelli <al...@uqbar.cirfid.unibo.it>
- Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- If you don't want to have any default at all, add
- unset suggest-default-save
- to ~/.nn/init.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 06.05 Can I save all unread articles non-interactively into a file?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- (See "Can I download news to my PC?").
- From: Gerald Oskoboiny <ger...@amisk.cs.ualberta.ca>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Yes, use the nnbatch(1) program.
- First, define an init file to select and save the articles. For example:
- set flow-control false
- unset embedded-header-escape
- on entry talk.bizarre
- '=' "^" 'S' "~/collected/$N" '+'
- end
- sequence
- talk.bizarre
- Then use nnbatch with this init file:
- nnbatch -Iinit2 talk.bizarre 2>&1 > /dev/null
- The above setup saves the entire newsgroup, but you could easily
- change it to use auto-selection with a killfile. Maybe:
- on entry comp.*
- 'S' "+$G/$N" '+'
- end
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 06.06 Can I download news to my PC?
- From: Sascha Geschwandtner
- Date: 18 Oct 2001
- There are suck, newsx and quite a few other programs out there you
- may find worth looking at. Many of them are designed to fetch articles
- via NNTP and to feed them to a local news server (INN, Diablo, etc.).
- Some other programs, e.g. slrn-pull, are written with a newsreader
- in mind that accesses the news spool - this is where the news articles
- are usually stored - directly, not via a news server. Current versions
- of nn can deal with this via nnmaster.
- NOTE: This is not recommended, since future versions of nn will probably
- not support this anymore, so you should use the method mentioned first.
- (See also "Can I save all unread articles non-interactively into a
- file?").
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 07.00 ***** Folder Maintenance *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 07.01 How can I remove old articles from folders?
- From: Kim Storm <st...@olicom.dk>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Just open the folder in the usual way and C(ancel) the articles you
- want to remove from the folder. When you leave the folder, nn will
- rewrite the folder with the "cancel"ed articles removed.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.00 ***** Posting and Responding to Articles *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.01 How can I post prewritten articles with nn?
- From: Kim Storm <st...@olicom.dk>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- nnpost will construct the header for the posted article, so it
- requires several arguments to be specified before the article is
- posted, e.g. a newsgroup name and a subject. If some arguments are
- missing, nnpost will prompt for the missing arguments.
- If your pre-written article includes a full header, then you should
- not use nnpost; instead you should feed the article to "inews -h"
- directly (which is what nnpost does after building the header from
- the arguments).
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.02 How can nn automatically append my signature?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- Put your signature in a file called .signature in your home
- directory, and use:
- set append-signature-post
- set append-signature-mail # if desired
- set query-signature # if you want confirmation.
- (See also "How do I eliminate double signatures?") and (See also
- "Can the signature come from a different file or program?") and the
- Signature FAQ (see also "What references exist for nn?")
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.03 How do I eliminate double signatures?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Double signatures occur when both nn and inews append $HOME/.signature.
- If you want just inews to append your signature, use:
- unset append-signature-post
- This is actually the default, but you can unset this variable if
- your nn administrator has mistakenly turned it on.
- If you want just nn to append your signature, move your signature to
- some other place than $HOME/.signature (see also "Can the signature
- come from a different file or program?").
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.04 Can the signature come from a different file or program?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- If you want nn to append your .signature file, you can copy nn's aux
- file (ie. /usr/local/lib/nn/aux) to your .nn directory and set the
- mail-script and news-script variables to ~/.nn/aux. In your copy of
- the aux script, you can either specify a different place for your
- .signature file (like $HOME/.nn/signature) or you can get fancy: you
- can use specific .signatures for certain groups (saved in variable
- "G"), or use the output of a program.
- See also the Signature FAQ (see also "What references exist for nn?").
- From: Tom Christiansen <tch...@perl.com>
- Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- Tired of the same old signature? Want different signatures for
- different newsgroups? Here's a program to help you out.
- The way it works is to have .signature be a named pipe, so if you
- don't have named points, just say 'n'.
- The sigrand program then feeds stuff down the pipe everytime someone
- wants to read it. That way it works for more than just news, but
- for anything that wants to read your .signature, like a mailer.
- You have your choice of three kinds of signatures:
- 1) random (short) fortune from "fortune -s"; you get these if
- you don't have a global sig file.
- 2) random fortune from ~/News/SIGNATURES [global sig file]
- 3) random fortune form ~/News/(newsgroup)/SIGNATURES [local sig files]
- Send mail for more details.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.05 How do I save my posts, followups and replies automatically?
- From: Don Mullins <mul...@convex.com>
- Date: Tue, 1 Sep 1992 00:00:00 -0800
- In your nn init file, use the following lines:
- set news-record file
- set mail-record file
- to place posts and followups in one file and replies in another, or
- to put everything in a single file, use:
- set record file
- Replace "file" with the absolute path (~ == home directory ok) of
- your desired file. All files are saved in mailbox format.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.06 Can I use my editor to edit posts and replies?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- Yes. Set the environment variable EDITOR as desired. If you like
- emacs:
- $ EDITOR=emacs; export EDITOR # sh, ksh, bash
- % setenv EDITOR emacs # csh, tcsh.
- Alternatively, you can add:
- set editor emacs
- to ~/.nn/init.
- From: eps...@ta6.cs.uiuc.edu (Milt Epstein)
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- If you need to pass arguments to your editor, create a script which
- contains your editor and desired arguments. For example:
- #!/bin/sh
- /local/all/emacs -nw ${1+"$@"}
- Then set your EDITOR or editor variables, as above, to this script.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.07 Can I use my mailer to send mail?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Thu, 1 Dec 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- Yes. See the variables mail-script, mailer, and mailer-pipe-input.
- The following show how you can have nn use elm and MH to deliver
- mail. Note that you are not placed "in" your mailer--the mailer is
- merely used to deliver a message that you've already completed.
- The original idea of using MH (namely, comp) to send mail from nn
- came from Jaap Vermeulen <mailto:ja...@sequent.com>, but he wouldn't
- recognize what I did to it. I also used suggestions from John
- Romine <mailto:jro...@ics.uci.edu>, Tom McCain
- <mailto:t...@dynamo.ecn.purdue.edu>, and Brian Exelbierd
- <mailto:b...@usa.net>.
- Add
- set mail-script nn-use-mh
- to your init file. See Appendix "nn-use-mh" for the script.
- In addition, you can contact Ray Davis <mailto:rda...@convex.com>
- for some scripts that sort of turn nn into a MH front end by
- providing macros to save, delete and refile articles in MH folders.
- To use elm to send the messages, add the following to ~/.nn/init:
- set mailer nn_elm
- unset mailer-pipe-input
- and see Appendix "nn_elm" for the script.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.08 Can nn use aliases when sending mail?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Thu, 1 Dec 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- Yes. See the variable mail-alias-expander, and use the script in
- Appendix "nnalias." You don't need to bother though if you've set
- the "mailer" variable to a mail program that handles aliases
- already.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.09 How can I set a different Organization name?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Tue, 1 Sep 1992 00:00:00 -0800
- (See "How can I customize my mail headers for mail and
- posting?")
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.10 How can I make mail replies go to a different machine?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Tue, 1 Sep 1992 00:00:00 -0800
- (See "How can I customize my mail headers for mail and
- posting?")
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.11 How can I change how my real name appears?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Tue, 1 Sep 1992 00:00:00 -0800
- On BSD Unix systems, you can run the command chfn(1) to change your
- real name. If you don't want to do this, or can't, please (see also
- "How can I customize my mail headers for mail and posting?")
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.12 How can I customize my mail headers for mail and posting?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Tue, 1 Sep 1992 00:00:00 -0800
- Headers can be modified or appended to by creating the variables
- mail-header (for replies) and news-header (for posts and followups)
- in the init file. You can include any headers that you want;
- separate multiple headers with semi-colons. For example:
- set mail-header From: Joe Smith <j...@cc.edu>;Reply-To: j...@cc.edu;
- Organization: CC University
- set news-header From: Joe Smith <j...@cc.edu>;Reply-To: j...@cc.edu;
- Organization: CC University
- Note that these lines are split for readability--the value of these
- variables must appear on a single line. In addition, do not insert a
- space between semi-colons and the next header.
- A Reply-To header is useful when your system generates either an
- unwanted or blatantly wrong return address for you. If this header
- is present, then mailers use it instead of the system generated From
- header.
- A From header is useful when you want to change how your real name
- appears to nn readers, but you don't want to change it (or can't) on
- your system. Warning: only do this if you're sure you can create a
- RFC 822 compliant From header.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.13 How do I post locally?
- From: Sven Guckes <guc...@inf.fu-berlin.de>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Post to local news hierarchies.
- The "Distribution:" header field is often ignored these days.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 08.14 Can I read my mail with nn?
- From: Bob MacDowell <bob...@netcom.com>
- Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
- Yes. Move your mbox into mbox.1, for example, since nn does not
- handle file locking. Then:
- nn mbox.1
- Here's an example ~/.nn/init file that will accomplish this:
- set header-lines *CAnW
- map show m next-article
- sequence
- NEW RC
- You can also use 'nn -f mbox.1 in which case it'll not sort them at
- all; just show them in the sequence it finds them in the file.
- Sometimes this is handy.
- Another *neat* trick is that you can compress mail-files with nn:
- nn elbows.1 open the mail-file
- = select by Subject
- ^ RET select all articles (with a beginning)
- O output to file, but strip most of the headers
- mbox.1a RET y specify filename, and yes, create it
- + output all selected articles
- This procedure results in a 20-40% reduction in file size, by
- tossing all the "Received:", "Errors-To:", "X-Mailer:",
- "NNTP-Posting-Host:", etc. header fields.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 09.00 ***** Jumping to Other Groups *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 09.01 How can I see which newsgroups are available?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Fri, 1 Oct 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- Also try using '?' when going to a group with the 'G' command. Note
- that successive '?'s will display more groups when there is not
- enough room to display all choices at once. Group completion is
- achieved with ' ' (space).
- Finally, the programs "nnsub" or "eep" can be used to easily view
- newsgroup names and descriptions and also to subscribe to groups.
- These programs are in the "contrib" area of the sources in 6.5.0.
- From: Sven Guckes <guc...@math.fu-berlin.de>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- To see a list of all news groups with a short description, use the
- command ":post" and type '?'. To list groups that match a regular
- expression (ie. pattern), use "/pattern" instead of '?'.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 09.02 Why do I get *NO*UPDATE* and what can I do about it?
- From: Sven Guckes <guc...@inf.fu-berlin.de>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- When entering a group with a search command nn does not do updates
- as it assumes you are only "visiting" this group to look up some
- text. In this case, nn enters a new "level" of information
- retrieval, indicated by "<level 2>". It also tells you that there
- won't be any updates by the "*NO*UPDATE*" on the top of the menu.
- If you want to go to a group and *read* it (that is, you want nn to
- remember which articles you have read, selected, or left for
- reading) then you must *jump* to it. Use the 'G' command followed
- by the 'j' (jump) subcommand.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 10.00 ***** Automatic Kill and Selection *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 10.01 Can non-selected subjects be automatically placed in my kill file?
- From: Keld J|rn Simonsen <ke...@dkuug.dk>
- Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- The two variables, ignore-re and auto-select-rw, accomplish this
- task. They are available in version 6.5.0. In the meantime,
- patches may be obtained from ftp://dkuug.dk/pub/nn6.4/nn6.4.killunread.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 10.02 Can I automatically kill articles based on the Newsgroups header?
- From: Richard M. Mathews <ric...@locus.com>, Dave Shaver <sha...@convex.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- This is how one can automatically kill crossposted articles, etc.
- First, manually either add the following to your .newsrc to mark all
- articles read forever:
- alt.flame: 1-2147483647
- or add the following to your .nn/kill file to kill all articles in
- the group:
- alt.flame:!s/:^
- The former method may break down if you ever use nngoback to reset
- numbers in your .newsrc. The latter method could cause difficulty
- if you ever actually want to read articles in that group.
- Near the top of your sequence in your init file put
- !alt.flame.
- alt.flame
- This makes alt.flame, but not its subgroups, be included as the first
- thing in your sequence; so all articles in it are killed before they
- appear in any other groups. You might want to put NEW above this so
- you can see if new groups are getting off to a bad start with lots of
- alt.flame crossposting. Later in the sequence put
- % alt %
- This allows the rest of the alt hierarchy, including subgroups such
- as alt.flame.spelling (if you subscribe to it), to get included at
- that point in the sequence.
- Along with using the default settings of cross-filter-seq=true and
- cross-post=false, this works fine to nuke the crossposted articles.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 10.03 How can I find all articles having to do with a certain topic?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- nngrab invokes nn on all articles whose subject or keyword fields
- contain a desired keyword. This shows one how important it is to
- use descriptive subjects and keywords when posting articles. For
- more information, read the manual page.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 10.04 Can I select one article in a thread when auto-select-subject set?
- From: Steven Grady <gr...@fx.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Define the following macro to toggle auto-select-subject.
- map menu A (
- :local auto-select-subject
- :toggle auto-select-subject
- ?auto-select-subject=on echo "Auto-select on"
- ?auto-select-subject=off echo "Auto-select off"
- )
- Use the '.' command.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 10.05 Can one search for patterns in the entire article from the menu?
- From: Peter Wemm <pe...@dialix.oz.au>
- Date: Fri, 1 Oct 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- No. However, in 6.5.0, there will be an additional option under the
- 'G' command to create a submenu containing articles that contain the
- desired string. As it is not yet well tested, it will be a compile
- time feature.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 10.06 How come more articles get selected than I expect?
- From: Dave Hayes <da...@elxr.jpl.nasa.gov>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Check the setting of subject-match-parts. If this is on, then your subjects
- are considered matched if they match up to the first digit. For example
- if subject-match-parts is on, the subjects:
- someprogram Part 1/5
- someprogram Part 2/5
- are considered matches. So are
- v12345: someprogram Part 1/5
- v12346: anotherprogram Part 1/23
- as the "v" is identical up to the first digit. If you want to use
- subject-match-parts in a "comp.sources" type group, set
- subject-match-offset (the character position that matches are
- started from) to be beyond any digits that might appear in the first
- part of the subject.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 10.07 Any plans for trn-ish thread following?
- From: John Henders <jhen...@bogon.com>
- Date: Tue, 21 May 1996 03:47:28 -0700
- tk-nn supports this with a nice window (assuming you like the gui it
- provides), but even better for long-time nn fans, if you compile
- tk-nn without the tk options enabled, there's as new sort-mode 5
- that threads the articles quite well. It still seems to suffer from
- NN's confusion over various timezone headers, but it's a definate
- improvement over the old sort mode.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 10.08 Can one kill articles based on the number of lines?
- From: Toivo Pedaste <to...@uniwa.uwa.edu.au>
- Date: 20 Apr 1997 09:21:21 GMT
- The nn-tk version (which can also be compiled as normal character-
- based nn) can do that. (See also "Is there an X interface to nn?")
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 10.09 Can one kill messages by Internet address?
- From: Sven Guckes <guc...@math.fu-berlin.de>
- Date: 23 Aug 1995 14:38:22 GMT
- No, not with NN.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 10.10 Can I kill spam?
- From: Kristian Koehntopp <kr...@koehntopp.de>
- Date: 17 Jan 1997 10:42:11 GMT
- Christian Weisgerber suggested
- :!s/=:^[^a-z][^a-z]*$
- to kill any subject that doesn't have any lowercase letters in it
- and being careful not to kill empty subjects.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 11.00 ***** The Format of the Kill File *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 12.00 ***** Miscellaneous Commands *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 12.01 Can I choose newsgroups as I do articles, ie. with a menu?
- From: Peter Wemm <pe...@dialix.oz.au>
- Date: Fri, 1 Oct 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- No, not yet. Sorry. However, progress in this direction has been
- made--if you care to finish the work, please contact me.
- Outside of nn, you may wish to check out eep which is in the
- contributed area in 6.5.0.
- (See also "How can see which newsgroups are available?")
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 12.02 How do I unsubscribe to all groups?
- From: Sven Guckes <guc...@math.fu-berlin.de>
- Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- The file .newsrc in your home directory contains the information
- about the newsgroups, their subscription status and the numbers of
- the read articles. A colon (':') indicates a subscribed group, and
- an exclamation mark ('!') indicates an unsubscribed group. All you
- need to do for unsubscribing to all newsgroups is to edit .newsrc.
- You can do this with your favourite editor, or
- sed -e 's/:/!/' $HOME/.newsrc > foo
- mv foo .newsrc
- If you use csh, you have to escape the '!' with a '\'.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 12.03 How can I get nn to stop adding new newsgroups?
- From: Jason A Chase <jch...@netcom.com>
- Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- Add
- set new-group-action 0
- to ~/.nn/init.
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- However, what you might want to do instead is not see new groups in
- selected hierarchies. I've added the following to my sequence (in
- ~/.nn/init):
- # Don't bother with new groups in these hierarchies.
- !:N alt,de,u3b,vmsnet,eunet,bionet,bit,biz,trial,psi,k12,nirvana
- The key one is alt!
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 13.00 ***** The Init Files *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 13.01 How do I customize nn or change nn's behavior?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Modify the file ~/.nn/init. See the section "The Init Files" in the
- man page for more details. So that you know what else might be
- affecting nn, here's the beginning of that chapter:
- The init files are used to customize nn's behavior to local
- conventions and restrictions and to satisfy each user's personal
- taste. Normally, nn reads up to three init files on start-up if
- they exist (all init files are optional):
- $LIB/setup
- A system-wide file located in the library directory. This file
- is always loaded before any other init file (even when the -I
- option is specified). It cannot contain a group presentation
- sequence.
- $LIB/init
- Another system-wide (global) init file located in the library
- directory. This file may be ignored via the -I option.
- ~/.nn/init
- The private init file located in the user's .nn directory. It
- is read after the global init file to allow the user to change
- the default setup.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 13.02 How can nn be used when multiple users share the same login?
- From: Nancy McGough <nan...@ii.com>, Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- Create aliases of the form:
- alias nn-userN 'nn -I$HOME/.nn/init-userN' # csh
- alias nn-userN='nn -I$HOME/.nn/init-userN' # bash, ksh
- Where $HOME/.nn/init-userN are separate init files for the users (or
- different environments). Ensure that the following variables are
- different between the files:
- newsrc
- news-header
- news-record
- mail-header
- mail-record
- folder
- sequence
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 13.03 Sample init files
- From: Sven Guckes <guc...@math.fu-berlin.de>
- Date: Wed, 29 Nov 1995 01:39:09 +0100
- http://www.math.fu-berlin.de/~guckes/setup/init
- http://www.math.fu-berlin.de/~guckes/setup/seq
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 14.00 ***** Variables and Options *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 14.01 Setting new-group-action to "ask before adding" doesn't work.
- From: Peter Wemm <pe...@dialix.oz.au>
- Date: Fri, 1 Oct 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- Take NEW out of your sequence--it's redundant.
- There was also a small bug (fixed in 6.5.0) which caused it to
- not to work in certain situations.
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- By the way, if you find that taking NEW out of your sequence has no
- effect, it may be that you're being affected by the system init file
- (usually in /usr/local/lib/nn/init). If this is the case, add "@"
- to the beginning of your sequence, like this, which causes the
- system init file to be ignored:
- sequence
- @
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 15.00 ***** Macro Definitions *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 15.01 Is there a library of macros and other nn features?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- When complete, it will be a companion posting to this one. If you
- have not mailed me <mailto:woh...@newt.com> your init file, or you
- have made substantial changes since the last time, please send it
- in. If anyone is handy in perl or awk and would like to write some
- scripts to reduce multiple init files to variable summaries (like
- the one I posted a long time ago), macro definitions and
- presentation sequence tricks, I would like to talk to you.
- From: Nancy McGough <nan...@ii.com>
- Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- In the meantime, check out ftp://ftp.ii.com/pub/ii/Internet/NN.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 16.00 ***** Key Mappings *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 17.00 ***** Command Groups *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 18.00 ***** Group Presentation Sequence *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 18.01 How can I avoid seeing NEW groups?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
- Use the !:N entry in the init file sequence.
- # Don't bother with new groups in these hierarchies.
- !:N alt,u3b,vmsnet,bionet,bit,biz,trial,psi,k12,nirvana,seattle,courts
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 19.00 ***** NN Maintenance & nnmaster *****
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 19.01 Why does nnmaster stop collecting articles at the "junk" group?
- From: Kim Storm <st...@olicom.dk>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- This can occur when you access news via NNTP. Older nntp servers
- have a limitation of 4000 articles in a group, and junk may easily
- exceed this which makes the nntp server crash.
- To overcome the problem, edit the GROUPS file to add the X flag on
- the junk group, run nnmaster -G, and then nnmaster will ignore the
- junk group.
- From: Mark Rawling <Mark.R...@mel.dit.csiro.au>
- Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- In nntp_dir/common/conf.h, you can either increase MAX_GROUPS
- (normally 4096) or you can set #define DYNAMIC_ART_ARRAY (normally
- #undefed). In either case, you obviously have to recompile nntp.
- Normally, new groups are added as they come in, but the news
- administrator should monitor the junk newsgroup and either make new
- newsgroups for the orphan messages, or ensure that the feed stops
- sending bogus messages.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 19.02 How do I cope with "Incomplete MASTER file"?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- (See "Why isn't nnmaster working?")
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 19.03 Why isn't nnmaster working?
- From: "R. Stewart Ellis" <el...@nova.gmi.edu>
- Date: 12 Nov 1996 03:16:40 GMT
- I have solved the problem for once and for all: I no longer run
- nnmaster, but depend on the much more standard NOV database. I have
- also been one of the people encouraging the new maintainer of the
- code to expunge all the nnmaster cruft. That will definitely fix
- nnmaster.
- From: Stew Ellis <el...@nova.gmi.edu>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- After the make, did you remember to:
- Run ./inst <options> to install the files?
- Run ./inst INIT to initialize the database?
- Nnmaster mails error messages to the user who owns him (typically
- "news"). Check this mailbox for clues.
- If nnmaster -r or -D did not work, then neither did nnmaster -I (or
- ./inst INIT from the install directory). Once you fix the
- permissions (see Paul's answer below), you need to rerun the
- initialization step.
- From: David R. Hieb <David....@magi.rootgroup.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- If nnmaster dies and updates the Log file with "Incomplete MASTER
- file", it could be you're not running the latest version.
- From: Paul Bickerstaff <pbic...@tamaluit.phys.uidaho.edu>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- If, when you start your nnmaster, it just exits quietly, it could be
- that your permissions are incorrect. Ensure that all directories in
- the nn library are owned by news (or the owner that you configured
- nn with).
- From: Jim Jagielski <j...@jagubox.gsfc.nasa.gov>
- Date: Tue, 1 Sep 1992 00:00:00 -0800
- Make sure that there is a 'news' entry in passwd and group since
- nnmaster is run setuid/setgid to news and the files and directories
- that nnmaster needs to access are owned and writable by news.
- Another problem could be in the way it is started. Two related
- solutions are presented.
- From: David B. Thomas <d...@yenta.alb.nm.us>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- /etc/rc exits before the child has had the chance to setpgrp().
- Putting "sleep 5" at the end of /etc/rc fixed it.
- From: Jeffery Small <je...@cjsa.wa.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- Another similar solution involved inserting a "sleep 10" at the
- beginning of /etc/daemons/nnmaster.init file.
- From: David R. Hieb <David....@magi.rootgroup.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- It could be you're not running the latest version.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 19.04 Why did nnmaster stop working?
- From: Phil Howard <p...@netcom.com>
- Date: Sun, 1 May 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- Perhaps you have a corrupted database that can't be fixed. In this
- case, run "./inst INIT" from the installation procedure.
- From: Stew Ellis <el...@nova.gmi.edu>
- Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- nnmaster may exit when it encounters a corrupt header in an article
- from a nntpserver. Restart nnmaster in debug mode (nnmaster -D) to
- see which group contains the offending article. Ignore this group
- until the offending article has expired by editing the GROUPS file,
- adding the `X' flag to the newsgroup and running "nnmaster -G".
- Restart collection of the newsgroup by removing the `X' flag and
- running "nnmaster -G".
- (See also "Why isn't nnmaster working?")
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 19.05 Why do I get ".../MASTER not found"?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Tue, 1 Sep 1992 00:00:00 -0800
- The problem of the NN port to the Atari ST is, that you have to
- build an "active" file (NN format, not HERMES-like!!) in
- /usr/lib/news before running nnadmin -I.
- You can build this file by using the included "buildact.tos."
- Buildact.tos creates a Unix-like /usr/lib/news/active from
- /usr/lib/hermes/active.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 19.06 Why do I get "cannot open 'x' file"
- From: Sami Tikka <Sami....@hut.fi>
- Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- If you get a message like,
- Fatal system error:
- alt.activism (6): cannot open 'x' file (mode=82, errno=2)
- you haven't initialized your database. As root, run the following
- command "./inst INIT" in the nn source directory. See the file
- INSTALLATION for more information.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 19.07 Why do I get "Lost connection to server foobar"
- From: Jeff Beckley <bec...@qualcomm.com>
- Date: Mon, 1 Mar 1993 00:00:00 -0800
- It's possible that the two database files for a newsgroup (nnn.x and
- nnn.d) don't exist. Go into nnadmin and force a recollect of the
- newsgroup. Most of the newsgroups (which are missing nnn.x and
- nnn.d files) after the first problem newsgroup might be
- automatically collected without a problem. If there are a large
- number of these problem groups, it might be easier just to rebuild
- the whole database: kill nnmaster, run "./inst INIT" as root in the
- source directory and restart nnmaster.
- If the group in question has too many articles (>4000), it will
- cause older NNTP implementations to choke (see "Why does nnmaster
- stop collecting articles at the "junk" group?" for a fix).
- From: Darren Hosking <d...@tusc.com.au>
- Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- These are not relevant if you use NOV and not nnmaster.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 19.08 Why doesn't nn display messages when not using NNTP?
- From: Michael Masterson <m...@thumper.progcons.com>
- Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- If the database was built with NNTP, then nn has to use NNTP to read
- the messages. This is not true in the other direction: nn clients
- can use NNTP to read the messages from a database built via NFS.
- The moral: build the database via NFS if you intend to use nn with
- either NFS or NNTP.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 19.09 Why do I get "Notice: no news has arrived for the last n hours"?
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Mon, 1 Aug 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- (See "Why did nnmaster stop working?").
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 19.10 How can I fix a "Master/GROUPS conflict"?
- From: Guan-Hsong Hsu <gh...@unstable.nswc.navy.mil>
- Date: Tue, 1 Nov 1994 00:00:00 -0800
- Run "nnmaster -G".
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 19.11 Why does expire take so long?
- From: "Eric M. Boehm" <boe...@rcs000.sch.ge.com>
- Date: Mon, 1 May 1995 00:00:00 -0800
- Use the -E2 flag with nnmaster(8) to use a faster expiration
- strategy.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: 19.12 Why is nn so slow?
- From: David B Funk <dbf...@icaen.uiowa.edu>
- Date: 7 Jun 1994 03:31:36 GMT
- If it takes a long time to read data from a newsgroup when changing
- groups, it sounds like nn is not getting NOV data from your news
- server or your news server does not have a complete NOV database. If
- nn has been built to use NOV and your news server does not support
- it, nn will do the threading "on the fly" (it it will get the
- headers for each article and build the threads info before it returns
- to you). If your news server is built to support NOV but the
- .overview files do not have complete data, the news server will
- build the NOV data "on the fly" in response to each XOVER
- command. Either way, you will see that kind of behaivor (slow group
- entry).
- If you have just started up NOV on your news system, its database will be
- incomplete. You need to run 'expireover' with the '-a' command to build the
- initial database.
- To debug the situation, turn on nnrpd tracing for a newsreading
- session. Fire up 'nn' then on the news server identify your 'nnrpd'
- process and hit it with a "SIGHUP" signal (see nnrpd man page) to
- turn on tracing. Then do a 'tail -f' on your "nntp" syslog file to
- see the logged commands. In particular watch for 'XOVER' commands
- and see how long they take.
- Alternatively, telnet to the "nntp" port on your news server, do a
- "group" command to a known newsgroup, then do a "xover 1-99999" and
- watch the output. You should get almost instant output with one line
- for each article in the group. If that is fast, then 'nn' is at
- fault, if that is slow, then the server has problems.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: Glossary
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>,
- Richard Mathews <ric...@astro.West.Sun.COM>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- MIME "Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions" (see RFC 1521).
- Allows for transmission of binary data and of text using
- international character sets.
- NNTP "Network News Transport Protocol" (see RFC 977). Used
- when transmitting news between servers or between reader
- and server.
- C News A news server. Successor to A News and B News.
- INN "Inter-Network News". Another news server.
- NOV "News OverView". A feature of INN and an add-on package
- to C News which allows saving "overview" files summarizing
- the contents of each newsgroup.
- XOVER An extension to NNTP to allow access to "overview"
- information.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: Acknowledgments
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- I'd like to thank the following people for providing ideas on the
- layout of this article:
- Joe Wells <j...@bigbird.bu.edu> Richard M. Stallman <r...@gnu.ai.mit.edu>
- David Elliott <d...@smsc.sony.com> Tom Christiansen <tch...@perl.com>
- Eugene N. Miya <eug...@nas.nasa.gov>
- We are also grateful to Sven Guckes <guc...@math.fu-berlin.de> and the
- folks mentioned in the text of this document who have provided answers
- or other information to make this a better document. I regret that it
- is possible that some names have been accidently omitted. I would
- also like to thank all the readers of news.software.nn.
- I'd also like to thank Kim F. Storm <st...@olicom.dk> for writing nn,
- Peter Wemm <pe...@dialix.oz.au> for maintaining nn from ??? to 1996,
- Michael T. Pins <mtp...@visi.com> for maintaining nn from 1996
- to the present, and Nancy McGough <nan...@ii.com> for writing "Getting
- Started With News and the nn News Reader."
- ------------------------------
- Subject: nn-use-mh
- From: Bill Wohler <woh...@newt.com>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- #!/bin/sh
- # Obtain value of $WORK and $RECORD
- . ${HOME}/.nn/.param
- # Append Fcc: +folder to headers. The folder is specified in
- # mail-record.
- if [ "$RECORD" != "" ]; then
- awk '
- {
- if ($0 == "" && !done) {
- print "Fcc: +'$RECORD'";
- done = 1;
- }
- print;
- }' $WORK > /tmp/aux.$$ && mv /tmp/aux.$$ $WORK
- fi
- # Compose and send the mail
- if [ "$FIRST_ACTION" = "send" ]; then
- send $WORK
- rm -f ,$WORK
- else
- # Compose and send the mail
- comp -form $WORK
- rm -f $WORK
- fi
- ------------------------------
- Subject: nn_elm
- From: Phil Kernick <ph...@ringo.ssn.flinders.edu.au>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- #!/bin/sh
- #
- # nn_elm
- #
- # 07 Aug 91 V1.0
- #
- # Massage a mail message from nn into a form that elm can use
- # (c) 1991 Phil Kernick <ph...@ringo.ssn.flinders.edu.au> Wizard Software
- #
- # 10 Nov 94 V1.1 Escape quotes in subject -- Dave Wolfe
- eval `awk '
- BEGIN {
- FS = ":";
- dq = sprintf("%c", 34);
- bs = sprintf("%c", 92);
- headers = 0;
- to = "";
- subject = "";
- }
- /^.*: / {
- headers++;
- if($1 == "To")
- to = dq substr($0, 5) dq;
- if($1 == "Subject") {
- subject = substr($0, 10);
- gsub(/\"/, bs dq, subject);
- subject = dq subject dq;
- }
- }
- /^$/ {
- printf("tail +%d %s | elm -s %s %s > /dev/null\n", headers+2, mail, subject,
- to);
- exit;
- }' mail=$1 $1`
- exit $?
- ------------------------------
- Subject: nnalias
- From: Scott Hannahs <s...@slipknot.mit.edu>
- Date: Sun, 2 Jun 1991 21:56:45 -0700
- #!/bin/sh
- #
- # nnalias -- expands aliases from ~/.mailrc file for nn.
- #
- # To use, put the following in your ~/.nn/init file:
- #
- # set mail-alias-expander nnalias
- # and put this file somewhere in your path, making it executable. I use
- # set mail-alias-expander /usr/local/lib/nnalias
- # but the choice is up to you.
- #
- # Written by Scott Hannahs, Bitter National Magnet Lab, MIT, August 1991
- # Complaints, comments, ideas to s...@slipknot.mit.edu
- # Tested on Silicon Graphics, IRIX 3.3.1
- #
- # Minor banging by <rre...@nexus.yorku.ca> to handle alias value fields
- # which contain doublequote characters, e.g.
- #
- # alias Foo "Foobar the Great <f...@bar.com>"
- #
- # (the doublequotes are stripped in the expansion), and to handle multiple
- # spaces after the token "alias".
- #
- # Also added some error detection and signal traps; tested on SunOS 4.1.1.
- #
- # Exit codes: 0 -- normal termination
- # 1 -- parm error
- # 2 -- file does not exist
- # 3 -- trap
- #
- # Thanks to bug reports from
- # Andy Jacobs and others
- #
- if [ z$1 = z ]; then
- myname=`basename $0`
- echo "$myname: usage is $myname workfile"
- exit 1
- fi
- if [ ! -f $1 ]; then
- myname=`basename $0`
- echo "$myname: $1 does not exist or is a directory"
- exit 2
- fi
- TMP_DIR=/usr/tmp
- trap "rm -f ${TMP_DIR}/nn.alias.$$ ; exit 3" 0 1 2 3 15
- ALIAS_LIST=""
- ADDRESS_LIST="`head -1 $1 | sed -e s/To://`"
- until [ "$ALIAS_LIST" = "$ADDRESS_LIST" ] ; do
- ALIAS_LIST="`echo "$ADDRESS_LIST"| sed -e 's/,/ /g' `"
- ADDRESS_LIST=""
- for ALIAS in $ALIAS_LIST ; do
- ADDRESS=`grep '^[ ]*alias[ ][ ]*'"$ALIAS"'[ ]' ${HOME}/.mailrc |\
- sed -e s/'^[ ]*alias[ ][ ]*'"$ALIAS"'[ ][ ]*'// |\
- sed -e s/'"'//g`
- if [ "$ADDRESS" ] ; then
- ADDRESS_LIST="$ADDRESS_LIST $ADDRESS"
- else
- ADDRESS_LIST="$ADDRESS_LIST $ALIAS"
- # for elm alias expansion use the following line instead of the previous.
- # ADDRESS_LIST="$ADDRESS_LIST "`elm -c "$ALIAS" | cut -f3 -d\ `
- fi
- done
- done
- echo "To:${ADDRESS_LIST}" > ${TMP_DIR}/nn.alias.$$
- tail +2 $1 >> ${TMP_DIR}/nn.alias.$$
- mv -f ${TMP_DIR}/nn.alias.$$ $1
- exit 0
- ------------------------------
- Subject: nn-use-urlview
- From: Sascha Geschwandtner <s...@s.netic.de>
- Date: 30 Aug 2001
- You can use urlview with nn. Add the following to ~/.nn/init:
- map show ^U (
- save-full "| urlview"
- redraw
- )
- You have to press Ctrl-U when viewing an article then.
- ------------------------------
- Subject: nn-use-lynx
- From: Brian Exelbierd <b...@usa.net>
- Date: Sun, 06 Jul 1997 14:46:04 -0400
- #!/bin/sh
- #
- # This script implements viewing news articles through lynx, allowing lynx
- # to expand all probable WWW references as it sees fit. To accomplish this
- # the Message-ID is grabbed from the article (a more efficient method would
- # be greatly appreciated) and lynx is told to pull the article down again
- # from the server. This allows lynx to realize it is a news article and
- # interpret the body as such.
- #
- # In laymans terms this means that with the newer versions of lynx
- # http://www.whatever.com will be interepreted, even if it is not in an
- # <a href>
- #
- # The script will accept one argument, a news server name to override the
- # default set below for one invocation.
- #
- # Suggested usage:
- #
- # Add this to your init file:
- # map show ^F (
- # save-full "|nn-use-lynx"
- # redraw
- # )
- #
- # to override the default, just do a save to the following:
- # ||nn-use-lynx server_to_use_now
- #
- # By Brian Exelbierd (b...@usa.net) - 7/5/97
- #Set this to your default news server ...
- DEFAULT_NEWS_SERVER=frito
- ##
- IDLINE=`cat <&0 | grep Message-ID: `
- ID=`echo $IDLINE | cut -f2 -d' '`
- if test $1
- then
- lynx "news://$1/$ID" < /dev/tty
- else
- lynx "news://$DEFAULT_NEWS_SERVER/$ID" < /dev/tty
- fi
- exit
- Local Variables:
- mode: outline
- outline-regexp: "^Subject:"
- fill-prefix: " "
- End:
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