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- Greg Malivuk
- http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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- Next Monday, January 18, the school will be closed for Martin Luther King, Jr., Day.
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- Homework: Listen to the artists described in the listening, and use adjectives from p. 22 part 3 to describe them. Also decide which one(s) you like or dislike (with vocabulary from part 1).
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- It’s okay. = The music is okay.
- She’s okay. = The (female) artist is okay.
- They’re okay. = The group is okay.
- pitch = the frequency of a musical note or other sound (high or low)
- volume = the loudness of a sound (also high or low)
- melodic = the main tune is strong and easy to identify
- (melody = the principal tune of a song, which you hum or sing if you remember it)
- harmonic = there are also lots of other “voices” at the same time
- (harmony = all the other notes that are happening at the same time as the melody)
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- p. 23 part 11 - Write sentences in the present perfect that are true for you. Then share with a partner.
- 1 I have lived here for 8 years.
- 2 I have been at my current job since 2013.
- 3 I have known my best friend since I was a child.
- 4 I haven’t listened to my dad for ages.
- 5 I have always wanted to raise dogs.
- 6 I have never had a skateboard.
- 7 I have studied English since I was a child. (or: I have been studying)
- 8 I have been in this class for one month.
- Remember: most time/frequency adverbs go after the first auxiliary verb, which is “have” in this tense
- I have never seen this movie. I have always known him. I have often wondered about that.
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- I cried as a baby. = I cried when I was a baby.
- I cried like a baby. = I cried similarly to a baby (sometime more recently).
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- I’ve (already) finished (already). = I have finished (maybe sooner than expected).
- I’ve just finished. = I have finished very recently. = I just finished.
- (British English often uses present perfect for recently finished actions, American English usually uses the simple past with “just” and sometimes “already” and “yet”.)
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- Words for affirmative sentences: already, some, someone, somebody, etc.
- Words for negative sentences and y/n questions: yet, any, anyone, anybody, etc.
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- BREAK
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- p. 24 part 1 - discuss the questions in pairs
- ballroom dancing = types of partner dances like waltz, tango, foxtrot, swing, that might be common in a more formal dancing situation
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- part 3 - read the article and identify the three reasons people dance and three effects of dancing
- Reasons: It’s a way of meeting people and having a social life., to celebrate, to fill the time
- Effects: it changes their mood, it makes them feel alive, it makes them feel better, calmer, and healthier
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- part 4 - what are some other things we do to do these things?
- 1 travel, go to parties, watch cartoons, change their look, don’t be serious all the time
- 2 travel, go to parties, use websites, take a course or join an activity, go to the gym
- 3 go to parties, join an activity, go out with people after classes or activities
- 4 try something new, listen to music, go to the gym, go to parties, go shopping, eat, go to a bar, use drugs (These are activities people do to change their mood, even if it’s not healthy.)
- meeting people = meeting new people that you didn’t know before, gaining friends and acquaintances
- having a social life = spending time socializing with people (possibly people you already knew)
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- Gerunds and Infinitives:
- gerund = verb(ing), used as a noun (subject, object, after some verbs, prepositions and possessives)
- John is smoking. - present continuous (verb(ing) = present participle)
- John’s worst habit is smoking. - gerund (verb(ing) = noun)
- The movie is boring. - verb(ing) = adjective
- infinitive = to + base form (after some verbs and adjectives, at the end of the sentence for purpose)
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- verb + gerund:
- enjoy, dislike, adore, imagine, keep, mind, suggest
- verb + infinitive:
- want, need, learn, expect, have
- verb + gerund or infinitive (same meaning):
- love, like, hate, start, prefer
- verb + gerund or infinitive (different meaning):
- stop, quit, remember, forget, regret, try
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- Infinitives of Purpose:
- Why do you dance?
- I dance (in order) to feel young.
- Who did you go with to buy milk? I went with Mary to buy milk.
- (normally preposition + gerund, but infinitives of purpose can always go at the end of a sentence)
- What do you suggest to improve my English?
- (normally suggest + gerund, but infinitives of purpose can always go at the end of a sentence)
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- The object of prepositions and some verbs must be a gerund, but sometimes the object is a question word, so an infinitive of purpose can go directly after those prepositions and verbs.
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- What do you have to drink? (“hafto” = need to: What are you required to drink?)
- What do you have to drink? (“have...to” pronounced separately: What do you have that I can drink?)
- Where are you going to study? (“gonna” = Where will you study?)
- Where are you going to study? (“going...to” pronounced separately: Where are you going in order to study?)
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- Homework: p. 158 practice 1 and 2
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