General presentation of the miraculous language of the Qur'an

In the Name of God Almighty, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

The Qur’an (God's final revelation) is miraculously inimitable because it has come forth with the most eloquent words compounded in the most beautiful composition containing the most valid ideas such as
	 believing in the unity of God,
	 declaring Him to be Transcendent in His qualities,
	 calling (humanity) to His obedience,
	 elucidating the way of worshipping Him,
	 as well as prescribing what is permitted and what is prohibited,
	 what is forbidden and what is allowed,
	 in addition to admonishing and correcting,
	 commanding what is good and forbidding what is evil,
	  and guiding to good qualities and restraining from bad ones.
In all this, it has put every one of these things in its place which cannot be substituted by a more appropriate one, and nothing can be imagined that is more suitable than it.

When a theory is proposed, typically there's not just "such and such is what I think is going on, here is why" -- the best presentation is alongside a falsification test, which basically adds, "and if I'm wrong, here's how to tell..."
Such as, with Einstein's theory of relativity; he didn't just say "here is what I think is going on, here is why", he also gave ways to demonstrate and calculate to show if he was correct, or not, empirically.

There is only one religion that demonstrates such empirical and clear falsification tests for anyone to investigate, and that is Islam (Islam means "Submission to the Will of God")
There are not just the reasons and overwhelming evidences for the proof of Islam, and not just the various rational pathways for belief in Islam, but Islam also has falsification tests for knowing with certainty that it is revealed and prescribed to us by the Most Wise Creator.

One of those falsification tests is:

1) The Qur'an, God's final revelation, is perfect and free from error, although being delivered to the illiterate and uneducated Prophet mentioned in the Bible, Muhammad ﷺ.
If the Qur'an is not from God, then it would have many contradictions within it.

So, if you can demonstrate even a single contradiction or error in the Qur'an, then you have proven that it is not from God.

1400 years and no one has demonstrated any such contradiction, not a grammatical, syntactical, or even scientific error.

How could a man, from being illiterate, become the most important author in the whole of Arabic literature?
How could he then pronounce truths of a scientific nature that no other human being could possibly have developed at that time, and all this without once making the slightest error in his pronouncement on the subject?

The other of the falsification tests is:

2) If God did not send this Qur'an, then it is fabricated Arabic speech of man. Thus, to prove that it is fabricated, produce even a SINGLE CHAPTER the like thereof.

Almost 1400 years, and the shortest chapters only three verses. No one has ever given even three verses that are in the inimitable form of speech that the Qur'an is in.

The pagan Arabs also had a culture of rhetoric and eloquence - with the poet having one of the most renown and well-paying professions
The Qur'an came in a unique form of speech that is unlike any other before or after it. The best of the Arab poets only admitted their incapability to meet this challenge. Yet, the most trained in the language could not meet the challenge relayed by Muhammad ﷺ, who was illiterate, uneducated, and never trained in poetry or known for poetry.

They had comprehensive knowledge of all of the branches of speech in the Arabic language - every form of rhyme and prose was understood by these rhetoricians and poets. Their classifications are as such that all Arabic poetry pre&post-islam fall into this classification.

An analogy to the "counter-example" that the Qur'an challenges this society of poetry and prose with, is more easily understood with an analogy of engineering & architecture.

Say, for example, that you are among a people that are the best in the world at building houses -- your city is full of the most educated architects and engineers.
A man of your city that you know as honest, but also know as never trained or educated in architecture or engineering & has never built a house, claims to be sent by God with a message:
"Worship God alone & obey Him."

And to prove that this man has been sent by God, he says that God has fashioned for him a miraculous house that no one can ever fabricate the like thereof. Not even if you gathered every builder in the world!
So, you and your people would be the best to assess this challenge and ascertain whether or not this claim is true.

You go and investigate the house, and you find that it is a stunning and marvellous palace, a wonderful ingenuity. It has beautiful walls, an incredibly solid structure, and is crafted magnificently of bricks.
These bricks tower the walls and ceilings and construct an impressive house, one that you've never seen before.

Upon closer inspection, you see these are the same bricks that your people have used for quite some time.
The same bricks you have used on several projects!

Indeed, your people can enumerate every knowable way to fashion bricks into a construction.

So, you take a closer look at the bricks that the walls consist of, that hold up the very ceiling-- and you see that, while they do support each other, they are not actually touching each other whatsoever.

The bricks are each suspended, not touching, yet still a structure.

There are no wires.

There are no magnets.

There are no lasers, no energy pulses, no sound waves.

The bricks are simply stuck.

You and your people could only admit, then, that none of you could ever construct bricks together in such a manner, or a house the like thereof, not even a single room could you match.

If you can understand this, then you would understand why the pagan Arabs accused this miraculous sophistication of language from the Qur'an of being supernatural sorcery, & not just any pagan Arabs, but also the best of their poets sent to combat the Qur'an and save their pagan society.
This miraculous sophistication in language was also met with miraculous sophistication in intimate knowledge of the previous scriptures and of the scientific nature.

Among the other facets of the miraculous nature of the Qur'an are the following:
	The inimitability of the Qur’an
	 The literary miracle of the Qur’an
	 The preservation of the Qur’an
	 Predictions about the future
	 Lost knowledge of the past
	 Knowledge about the natural world
	 Elucidations about the origins of life
	 The existence of God, His Names, and His Attributes
	 Universal laws, objective morals, and guidance
	 The ease by which the Qur’an is memorized
	 The lack of errors and contradictions within it
	 Personal experiences related to the Qur’an

To begin with the objective criteria of the challenge; the Arabic language and Arab speech are divided into two branches.
One of them is rhymed poetry.
It is a speech with metre and rhyme, which means every line of it ends upon a definite letter, which is called the 'rhyme'.
This rhymed poetry is again divided into metres or what is called as al-Bihar, literally meaning 'The Seas'.
This is so called because of the way the poetry moves according to the rhythmic patterns.
There are sixteen al-Bihar:
at-Tawil, al-Bassit, al-Wafir, al-Kamil, ar-Rajs, al-Khafif, al-Hazaj, al-Muttakarib, al-Munsarih, al-Muktatab, al-Muktadarak, al-Madid, al-Mujtath, al-Ramel, al-Khabab and as-Saria'.
Each one rhymes differently.
The other branch of Arabic speech is prose, which is non-metrical speech. The prose may be a rhymed prose. Rhymed prose consists of cola ending on the same rhyme throughout, or of sentences rhymed in pairs.
This is called "rhymed prose" or saj.
Prose may also be straight prose (mursal). In straight prose, the speech goes on and is not divided in cola, but is continued straight through without any divisions, either of rhyme or of anything else. Prose is employed in sermons and prayers and in speeches intended to encourage or frighten the masses.

The Qur'an is not verse, but it is rhythmic. The rhythm of some verses resemble the regularity of saj, and both are rhymed, while some verses have a similarity to Rajaz in its vigour and rapidity. But it was recognized by Quraysh critics to belong to neither one nor the other category.

So the challenge is to produce in Arabic, three lines, that do not fall into one of these sixteen Bihar, that is not rhyming prose, nor like the speech of soothsayers, and not normal speech, that it should contain at least a comprehensible meaning and rhetoric, i.e. not gobbledygook.
Now I think at least the Christian's "Holy Spirit" that makes you talk in tongues, part of your "Tri-Unity" of God should be able to inspire one of you with that!

It is interesting to know that all the pre-Islam and post-Islamic poetry collected by Louis Cheikho falls in the above sixteen metres or al-Bihar. Indeed the pagans of Mecca repeated accuse Prophet Muhammad ﷺ for being a forger, a soothsayer etc.
The Arabs who were at the pinnacle of their poetry and prose during the time of revelation of the Qur'an could not even produce the smallest surah of its like.
The Qur'an's form did not fit into any of the above mentioned categories. It was this that made the Qur'an inimitable, and left the pagan Arabs at a loss as to how they might combat it as Alqama bin Abd al-Manaf confirmed when he addressed their leaders, the Quraysh:
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Oh Quraysh, a new calamity has befallen you. Mohammed was a young man the most liked among you, most truthful in speech, and most trustworthy, until, when you saw gray hairs on his temple, and he brought you his message,
you said that he was a sorcerer, but he is not, for we seen such people and their spitting and their knots;
you said a diviner, but we have seen such people and their behavior, and we have heard their rhymes;
you said a soothsayer, but he is not a soothsayer, for we have heard their rhymes;
and you said a poet, but he is not a poet, for we have heard all kinds of poetry;
you said he was possessed, but he is not for we have seen the possessed, and he shows no signs of their gasping and whispering and delirium.
Oh those of Quraysh, look to your affairs, for by Allah a serious thing has befallen you.
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