function yourtheme_get_node_count($content_type) {
     $query = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {node} n ".
              "WHERE n.type = :type";
     $total = db_query($query, array(':type' => $content_type))->fetchField();
     return $total;
}

echo 'Pages: ' . YOURTHEME_get_node_count('page');
echo 'Products: ' . YOURTHEME_get_node_count('product');

$view = new view;
$view->name = 'nodecounts';
$view->description = '';
$view->tag = 'default';
$view->base_table = 'node';
$view->human_name = 'Node counts';
$view->core = 7;
$view->api_version = '3.0';
$view->disabled = FALSE; /* Edit this to true to make a default view disabled initially */

/* Display: Master */
$handler = $view->new_display('default', 'Master', 'default');
$handler->display->display_options['title'] = 'Node counts';
$handler->display->display_options['group_by'] = TRUE;
$handler->display->display_options['access']['type'] = 'perm';
$handler->display->display_options['cache']['type'] = 'none';
$handler->display->display_options['query']['type'] = 'views_query';
$handler->display->display_options['query']['options']['query_comment'] = FALSE;
$handler->display->display_options['exposed_form']['type'] = 'basic';
$handler->display->display_options['pager']['type'] = 'none';
$handler->display->display_options['style_plugin'] = 'default';
$handler->display->display_options['row_plugin'] = 'fields';
$handler->display->display_options['row_options']['inline'] = array(
  'type_1' => 'type_1',
  'type' => 'type',
);
$handler->display->display_options['row_options']['separator'] = ': ';
$handler->display->display_options['row_options']['hide_empty'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['row_options']['default_field_elements'] = 1;
/* Field: Content: Type */
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['id'] = 'type_1';
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['table'] = 'node';
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['field'] = 'type';
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['label'] = '';
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['alter']['alter_text'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['alter']['make_link'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['alter']['absolute'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['alter']['external'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['alter']['replace_spaces'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['alter']['trim_whitespace'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['alter']['nl2br'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['alter']['word_boundary'] = 1;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['alter']['ellipsis'] = 1;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['alter']['strip_tags'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['alter']['trim'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['alter']['html'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['element_label_colon'] = FALSE;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['element_default_classes'] = 1;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['hide_empty'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['empty_zero'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['hide_alter_empty'] = 1;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['link_to_node'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type_1']['machine_name'] = 0;
/* Field: COUNT(Content: Type) */
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['id'] = 'type';
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['table'] = 'node';
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['field'] = 'type';
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['group_type'] = 'count';
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['label'] = '';
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['alter']['alter_text'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['alter']['make_link'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['alter']['absolute'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['alter']['external'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['alter']['replace_spaces'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['alter']['trim_whitespace'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['alter']['nl2br'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['alter']['word_boundary'] = 1;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['alter']['ellipsis'] = 1;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['alter']['strip_tags'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['alter']['trim'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['alter']['html'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['element_label_colon'] = FALSE;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['element_default_classes'] = 1;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['hide_empty'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['empty_zero'] = 0;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['hide_alter_empty'] = 1;
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['separator'] = '';
$handler->display->display_options['fields']['type']['format_plural'] = 0;

/* Display: Block */
$handler = $view->new_display('block', 'Block', 'block');

$query = new EntityFieldQuery();

$query->entityCondition('entity_type', 'node') // grab nodes
->entityCondition('bundle', 'blog') // filter by blog type
->propertyCondition('status', 1) // filter by published
->count(); // count

$result = $query->execute();

$query = new EntityFieldQuery();
$query->entityCondition('entity_type', 'node')
    /* this is the content type machine name */
    ->entityCondition('bundle', 'product')
    /* You can set extra properties using fieldCondition and properties with propertyCondition */
    ->fieldCondition('field_product_status', 'tid', key(taxonomy_get_term_by_name('New')))
    ;

$result = $query->execute();
if (isset($result['node'])){
    $count_of_new_product_nodes = count($result['node']);
}

drush sqlq 'select count(node.nid) as node_count, node_type.type from node inner join node_type on node.type = node_type.type group by node_type.type'

node_count  type
17  category_2012
20  category_2013
19  category_2014
3   competition
19  entry_2012_breakthrough
89  entry_2012_digitalother
50  entry_2012_directdirect
19  entry_2012_filmsecscn
17  entry_2012_insights
12  entry_2012_outdoor
31  entry_2012_promo
19  entry_2013_breakthrough
100 entry_2013_digitalother
40  entry_2013_directdirect

drush sqlq 'select count(node.nid) as node_count, node_type.type from node inner join node_type on node.type = node_type.type group by node_type.type' | grep 2014

$count = db_select('node')
  ->condition('type', 'some-type')
  ->countQuery()->execute()->fetchField();

SELECT
  COUNT({node}.nid) AS node_count,
  {node_type}.type
FROM {node}
  INNER JOIN {node_type} ON {node}.type = {node_type}.type
GROUP BY {node_type}.type;