lab_python_SNZ_2_decision_trees

"""

Задача 2 Problem 2 (2 / 8)
Да се промени функцијата за предвидување, така што таа ќе ја печати само класата која ја предвидува (а не речник како сега). Притоа да се проверува дали во листот има повеќе од една класа. Ако има само една класа тогаш се предвидува истата, но ако има повеќе од една треба да се испечати таа со најголем број на инстанци. Ако во листот има неколку класи со ист број на инстанци да се предвиде првата класа по азбучен ред.

"""

trainingData=[['slashdot','USA','yes',18,'None'],
        ['google','France','yes',23,'Premium'],
        ['google','France','yes',23,'Basic'],
        ['google','France','yes',23,'Basic'],
        ['digg','USA','yes',24,'Basic'],
        ['kiwitobes','France','yes',23,'Basic'],
        ['google','UK','no',21,'Premium'],
        ['(direct)','New Zealand','no',12,'None'],
        ['(direct)','UK','no',21,'Basic'],
        ['google','USA','no',24,'Premium'],
        ['slashdot','France','yes',19,'None'],
        ['digg','USA','no',18,'None'],
        ['google','UK','no',18,'None'],
        ['kiwitobes','UK','no',19,'None'],
        ['digg','New Zealand','yes',12,'Basic'],
        ['slashdot','UK','no',21,'None'],
        ['google','UK','yes',18,'Basic'],
        ['kiwitobes','France','yes',19,'Basic']]


class decisionnode:
    def __init__(self, col=-1, value=None, results=None, tb=None, fb=None):
        self.col = col
        self.value = value
        self.results = results
        self.tb = tb
        self.fb = fb


def sporedi_broj(row, column, value):
    return row[column] >= value


def sporedi_string(row, column, value):
    return row[column] == value


# Divides a set on a specific column. Can handle numeric
# or nominal values
def divideset(rows, column, value):
    # Make a function that tells us if a row is in
    # the first group (true) or the second group (false)
    split_function = None
    if isinstance(value, int) or isinstance(value, float):  # ako vrednosta so koja sporeduvame e od tip int ili float
        # split_function=lambda row:row[column]>=value # togas vrati funkcija cij argument e row i vrakja vrednost true ili false
        split_function = sporedi_broj
    else:
        # split_function=lambda row:row[column]==value # ako vrednosta so koja sporeduvame e od drug tip (string)
        split_function = sporedi_string

    # Divide the rows into two sets and return them
    # set1=[row for row in rows if split_function(row)]  # za sekoj row od rows za koj split_function vrakja true
    # set2=[row for row in rows if not split_function(row)] # za sekoj row od rows za koj split_function vrakja false
    set1 = [row for row in rows if
            split_function(row, column, value)]  # za sekoj row od rows za koj split_function vrakja true
    set2 = [row for row in rows if
            not split_function(row, column, value)]  # za sekoj row od rows za koj split_function vrakja false
    return (set1, set2)


# Create counts of possible results (the last column of
# each row is the result)
def uniquecounts(rows):
    results = {}
    for row in rows:
        # The result is the last column
        r = row[len(row) - 1]
        if r not in results: results[r] = 0
        results[r] += 1
    return results


# Probability that a randomly placed item will
# be in the wrong category
def giniimpurity(rows):
    total = len(rows)
    counts = uniquecounts(rows)
    imp = 0
    for k1 in counts:
        p1 = float(counts[k1]) / total
        for k2 in counts:
            if k1 == k2: continue
            p2 = float(counts[k2]) / total
            imp += p1 * p2
    return imp


# Entropy is the sum of p(x)log(p(x)) across all
# the different possible results
def entropy(rows):
    from math import log
    log2 = lambda x: log(x) / log(2)
    results = uniquecounts(rows)
    # Now calculate the entropy
    ent = 0.0
    for r in results.keys():
        p = float(results[r]) / len(rows)
        ent = ent - p * log2(p)
    return ent


def buildtree(rows, scoref=entropy):
    if len(rows) == 0: return decisionnode()
    current_score = scoref(rows)

    # Set up some variables to track the best criteria
    best_gain = 0.0
    best_criteria = None
    best_sets = None

    column_count = len(rows[0]) - 1
    for col in range(0, column_count):
        # Generate the list of different values in
        # this column
        column_values = {}
        for row in rows:
            column_values[row[col]] = 1
        # Now try dividing the rows up for each value
        # in this column
        for value in column_values.keys():
            (set1, set2) = divideset(rows, col, value)

            # Information gain
            p = float(len(set1)) / len(rows)
            gain = current_score - p * scoref(set1) - (1 - p) * scoref(set2)
            if gain > best_gain and len(set1) > 0 and len(set2) > 0:
                best_gain = gain
                best_criteria = (col, value)
                best_sets = (set1, set2)

    # Create the subbranches
    if best_gain > 0:
        trueBranch = buildtree(best_sets[0])
        falseBranch = buildtree(best_sets[1])
        return decisionnode(col=best_criteria[0], value=best_criteria[1],
                            tb=trueBranch, fb=falseBranch)
    else:
        return decisionnode(results=uniquecounts(rows))


def printtree(tree, indent=''):
    # Is this a leaf node?
    if tree.results != None:
        print str(tree.results)
    else:
        # Print the criteria
        print str(tree.col) + ':' + str(tree.value) + '? '
        # Print the branches
        print indent + 'T->',
        printtree(tree.tb, indent + '  ')
        print indent + 'F->',
        printtree(tree.fb, indent + '  ')


def classify(observation, tree):
    if tree.results != None:
        lista=[]
        maxi=0
        # print tree.results
        for k in tree.results:
            if tree.results[k]>=maxi:
                maxi=tree.results[k]
        for k in tree.results:
            if tree.results[k] == maxi:
                lista.append(k)
        lista.sort()
        return lista[0]
    else:
        vrednost = observation[tree.col]
        branch = None

        if isinstance(vrednost, int) or isinstance(vrednost, float):
            if vrednost >= tree.value:
                branch = tree.tb
            else:
                branch = tree.fb
        else:
            if vrednost == tree.value:
                branch = tree.tb
            else:
                branch = tree.fb

        return classify(observation, branch)


if __name__ == "__main__":


    referrer=input()
    location=input()
    readFAQ=input()
    pagesVisited=input()
    serviceChosen=input()

    testCase=[referrer, location, readFAQ, pagesVisited, serviceChosen]

    t=buildtree(trainingData)
    print classify(testCase,t)