async def transfer(self, item: RestoreItem, semaphore):
    raw_path = ""
    async with semaphore:
        try:
            print("processing: " + item.source)
            local_path = await self._download(item.source)
            await self._upload(local_path, item.destination)
            print("done: " + item.source)
        except Exception as err:
            print("failed: " + item.source)
            print("error: " + str(err))
            stack_trace = traceback.format_exc()
            await self._log_error_notes(item.source, err, stack_trace)
        finally:
            if raw_path and os.path.exists(raw_path):
                os.remove(raw_path)

async def _download(self, s3_path):
    print('downloading: ', s3_path)
    bucket, key = get_s3_bucket_and_key(s3_path)
    raw_path = os.path.join(self._raw_dir, key)
    raw_dir = os.path.dirname(raw_path)
    if not os.path.exists(raw_dir):
        os.makedirs(raw_dir)

    response = await self._s3.get_object(Bucket=bucket, Key=key)
    async with response["Body"] as stream:
        with io.FileIO(raw_path, "w") as file:
            data = await stream.read()
            while data:
                file.write(data)
                data = await stream.read()

    return raw_path