2014-07-28 Structure: adj clause test and phrases

Homework: exercises 2 and 3 (218-219)
2 both of which were directed by James Cameron
3 all of whom are highly regarded European directors
4 all of which have earned a great deal of money
  (they continue to make money -> present perfect)
5 all of whom have played the role of James Bond
6 neither of whom is/was known as a singer

2 Spider man, based on the popular comic book, is one of the highest-earning movies of all time.
3 The Pirates of the Caribbean films, starring Johnny Depp, are all very popular.
4 Clint Eastwood has directed many big movies, including Million Dollar Baby, Gran Torino, and Invictus.
5 The Harry Potter Novels, written by J. K. Rowling, have translated well to the screen.

		   , which was directed by Clint Eastwood,
Million Dollar Baby, directed by Clint Eastwood, was good.

active  -> present participle (= verb+ing)
passive -> past participle

which + [be] or who(m) + [be] can be removed to make an adjective phrase
---
a cafe that/which has great coffee
a cafe where they had/have great coffee
a cafe where there was/is great coffee

the chemical which can keep you awake
the chemical that can keep you awake

sugar, which often has
---
p. 225: make a list with your partner of all the problems people are making in this theater (try to use adjective phrases in your sentences)
---
adjective phrases can begin with adjectives, prepositions, and present or past participles

   (which is)
My car, newer than yours, is in my garage. (adjective)
       ^

   (which is)
The car in my garage is newer than yours. (preposition)
       ^

   (which is)
My car, idling in the driveway, is ready to go. (present ppl.)
       ^

  (which was)
My car, stolen last night, was very expensive. (past ppl.)
       ^
---
One man, smoking a cigarette, is wearing a red jacket.
Two men, with their feet on the seats in front of them, are talking with each other.
Two kids, running in the theater, are annoying people close to them.
One man, with his children, is bothering other people.
The woman sitting next to the man eating a hot dog is bullying the woman next to her.
One man, holding his food in his hands, is surprised by a banana peel.

(We can use present participles if it's happening right now or it happens over a period of time. A short action that happened in the past, such as, "He brought his kids," cannot be made into an adjective phrase with verb+ing.)