2017-10-14 Saturday: 5 Travel

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
“2017-10-14 Saturday: 5 Travel”
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Homework: units 3-4 test
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Warm-up: Find Someone Who
Ask yes/no questions (in present perfect) to find students’ names to write. After you write a name, ask a follow-up question (for example: “What skill did you teach someone?”) and write a sentence with more information.
Most of the additional information sentences should be simple past.
(The questions are present perfect because they’re about experiences during your whole life.)
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p. 58 part 1 - Look at the map and guess the answers. Then listen and check.
1 almost 2,000 miles
2 Gabon
3 working on a project
4 on foot and by boat
5 fifteen months
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Read the article about Mike Fay.
part 2 - Which paragraph does each question go with?
a 3
b 2
c 4
d 1
e 5
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What tense is paragraph 2? Why?
	- Present perfect, because these things happened at an unspecified time, and they might happen more or change now or in the future.
What tense is paragraph 3? Why?
	- Simple past, because these things happened and finished at specific times in the past.
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Grammar: Present Perfect vs. Simple Past
(present perfect form = have/has + past participle)
We use present perfect for things that aren’t finished or that could happen more in that time.
I have brushed my teeth once today. - I will brush my teeth again today.
I brushed my teeth twice yesterday. - I won’t brush my teeth again yesterday.
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I have had one cup of coffee today. = I might have more.
I had one cup of coffee today. = I won’t have more.
I haven’t eaten breakfast today. = I still might eat breakfast.
I didn’t eat breakfast today. = I won’t eat breakfast.
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p. 59 part 7 - Complete the paragraph with the correct forms of the verbs.
1 have also flown
2 has done
3 once spent
4 didn’t have
5 filled (4 and 5 are about “that journey” of 11 months on the Pacific coast)
6 has used
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“once”
- At the beginning of the sentence or together with the verb, “once” usually means simple past.
- At the end of the sentence, “once” usually means perfect (along with “twice”, “three times”, etc.)
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A less-common synonym is marked, which means it stands out when we hear or use it in a sentence.
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part 9 - Which tense are these expressions usually used with?
present perfect: already, since, so far, this month, once, for, in the last ten years, recently, lately
simple past: in 2009, last summer, yesterday, once, for, a few years ago, not long ago, until now
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“last year” = 2016
“in the last year” = 2016-10-14 to now
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It’s been good so far. = It’s still good now but I don’t know what will happen later.
It was good until now. = Now it’s not good any more.
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part 10 - Complete each sentence so it’s true for you and compare with your partner.
1 I’ve improved my English a lot in the last two years.
2 I’ve lived in the United States for nine months.
3 I’ve driven to New York many times.
4 I’ve already paid my cellphone bill this month. / I’ve already carved a pumpkin this month.
5 I had a great vacation two months ago.
6 I once worked in a bank for eight months.
7 I have been eating salad at lunchtime. (This means I’ve been doing it repeatedly for some time.)
8 After I left school, I went to the grocery store.
  After I left school, I went to college.
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BREAK
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p. 60 - Where do you think these pictures are from? Why?
A - Hong Kong
B - Ireland
C - India
D - Bali
part 1 - In which of these places (or where else) can you find the things in the box?
busy street - A C
crowded market - C
exotic scenery - B (C) D
peaceful setting = relaxing surroundings - B D
remote village - B D
safe resort - A C D
tropical beach - D
unspoiled coastline - B
vibrant city - A C
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Read the “Geography” article.
What kinds of vacation are people doing in each place?
Caribbean and Antarctica: cruises
Kenya and South Africa: safaris, bush camps
Spain and Egypt: vacation packages
China: cultural tours
US, Australia, NZ: independent travelers, backpackers
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Grammar: present perfect continuous
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form = have/has + been + verb(ing)
meaning = action that started in the past and continues now (single or repeated action)
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I’ve eaten salad at lunchtime. = I have done it one or more times at some time in the past.
I’ve been eating salad at lunchtime. = I’ve been doing it repeatedly and will probably continue.
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I’ve written a book. = I finished.
I’ve written three books. = I finished all three of them.
I’ve been writing a book. = I haven’t finished yet.
I’ve been writing three books. = I haven’t finished any of them.
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Sometimes there’s no difference:
I’ve lived in Boston for almost 10 years. = I’ve been living in Boston for almost 10 years.
But be careful, there is a difference when we don’t say the time:
	I’ve lived in Mexico. = I lived there for a while at one time.
	I’ve been living in Mexico. = I started in the past and still live there.
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I’m thinking about moving to a new apartment.
I’ve been thinking about moving to a new apartment. - This emphasizes that I’ve been thinking for a while.
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p. 61 part 8 - Match the activities (1-6) and the results (a-f), then write sentences that include present perfect and present perfect continuous.
1 e - We’ve been tracking elephants today. We’ve taken some amazing photos.
2 I have been lying by the pool and I’ve finished my book.
3 I’ve been looking for a cheap deal, but I haven’t found one.
4 I’ve been touring European cities and I have seen dozens of churches.
5 I’ve been following the coastal path and I’ve walked ten miles.
6 I’ve been visiting local markets and I have spent a fortune.
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Pronunciation: -s and -ed endings
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You pronounce a vowel only if the last sound of the word is “similar” to the ending.
+s: if the last sound is /s/, /z/, /ʃ/ (‘sh’), or /ʒ/ (‘zh’), then prounce it like “es”
	misses, rises, washes, judges; Chris’s, Elise’s, Ish’s, Marge’s
+ed: if the last sound is /t/ or /d/, then pronounce it like “ed”
	needed, wanted (For every other sound, you don’t pronounce the ‘e’ or add a syllable.)
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http://www.dialectsarchive.com/ - Varieties of English from all over the world.
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p. 65 - Writing a Postcard
Read the postcard from Sydney.
part 1 - Answer these questions about the postcard.
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How can you tell this is informal?
part 2a - find examples of each of these things
abbreviations: b/c, ps, pics
parenthetical comments: (wow!) (fell off every time!)
contractions: haven’t
exclamation marks: most sentences
informal expressions: Hi, out of this world, wow
listing items: after “So far have:”
leaving out words: (I) finally made it to Sydney after (an) 18-hour delay in Bangkok.
	(The) weather here (is) glorious, (the) beaches (are) out of this world
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Homework: write a postcard in an informal style like p. 65, but don’t leave out words
	also: read the article on p. 63 and do p. 62 parts 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

	Optional: Because next week’s topic is food, you can bring something (simple) from your country to share with the class and talk about. Please bring utensils and plates and anything else your food will need, because we don’t have many of those things at the school.