CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[LIST_CLIENTS]

    CREATE TABLE #CLIENT(
         --Varchar And Numeric Values goes here
     )

  /*Several Select's and Insert's against the Temporary Table*/

  SELECT * FROM #CLIENT

END

sp_configure 'Show Advanced Options', 1
GO
RECONFIGURE
GO

sp_configure 'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries', 1
GO
RECONFIGURE
GO

    SELECT *
    INTO #CLIENT
    FROM OPENROWSET
    ('SQLOLEDB','Server=(local);Uid=Cnx;pwd=Cnx;database=r8;Trusted_Connection=yes;
    Integrated Security=SSPI',
    'EXEC dbo.LIST_CLIENTS ''20110602'', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL')

Msg 208, Level 16, State 1, Procedure LIST_CLIENTS, Line 43
Invalid object name '#CLIENT'.

USE tempdb;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.proc_x
AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON;

    DECLARE @x TABLE(id INT);
    INSERT @x VALUES(1),(2);
    SELECT * FROM @x;
END
GO

SELECT *
  INTO #client
  FROM OPENQUERY
  (
    [loopback linked server name],
    'EXEC tempdb.dbo.proc_x'
  ) AS y;

SELECT * FROM #client;

DROP TABLE #client;

DROP PROCEDURE dbo.proc_x;

IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.temptable', 'U') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DROP TABLE dbo.temptable
END

CREATE TABLE dbo.temptable
(    ... )

declare @t table(ID int, Name varchar(15));
if (0 = 1) select ID, Name from @t;         -- fake SELECT statement
create table #T (ID int, Name varchar(15));
select ID, Name from #T;                    -- real SELECT statement

declare @fmtonlyOn bit = 0;
if 1 = 0 set @fmtonlyOn = 1;
set fmtonly off;
create table #T (ID int, Name varchar(15));
if @fmtonlyOn = 1 set fmtonly on;
select ID, Name from #T;