2014-07-24 Structure: adjective clauses (12)

Homework: p. 196-198
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A
1 e
2 h
3 f
4 g (especially people who start their own business)
5 b
6 a
7 c (charisma, character, characteristic)
8 d
B
1 F - "Most people don't fit perfectly"
2 T
3 T
4 F
5 T - "They embrace risk and change"
6 F - "They're extroverts."
7 T
8 F
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Adjective Clauses
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clause: part of a sentence that has a subject and a verb
adjective: a word that characterizes a noun
-> adjective clause: a clause that characterizes a noun

An extrovert is a person who is energized by others.
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
That's the man who(m) I met yesterday. (object of "met")
= That's the man I met yesterday.

(If an adjective clause has another subject, "who", "which", or "that" can be removed.)

The man who I met yesterday is standing over there now.
        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

I read a book which was written by you.
I read a book which you wrote.
= I read a book you wrote.

I live in a house whose door is broken.
	    The house's door is broken.
I met a person whose brother works with you.
        The person's brother works with you.

I met a woman. Her name was Sally.
-> I met a woman whose name was Sally.

This is the restaurant where we ate last night.
This is the restaurant that we ate at last night.

I met him the year (when) I graduated from high school.
		   (that)
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My sister who lives in Florida is going to get married.
(I have several sisters, "who lives in Florida" DOES identify which sister I'm talking about, so it's necessary information. If I don't include it, you can ask "which one?")

My sister, who lives in Florida, is going to get married.
(I have just one sister, the adjective clause does NOT identify her, it's just extra information.)

-no "that" in non-identifying clauses (no "that" after commas)
-you can't leave out "who" or "which" after a comma

I met him in 2001, when I graduated from high school.
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non-identifying = non-restrictive = non-defining (yes comma)
  identifying   =   restrictive   =   defining   (no comma)

Identifying clauses answer the question, "Which one(s)?"
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p. 203 B - is each clause identifying or non-identifying?
2 who resembles a daisy		I
3 (whom) you know		I
4 who started...years ago	N
5 whose energies...alone	I
6 which is why...business	N (which=the whole sentence)
7 whom most...person		N
8 which can translate...others	N (which = the sentence)
9 who like...adventure		I
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p. 204 exercise 3 - make the second sentence an adj. clause
1 The company that I work for makes computers.
2 The company, which is names Excelsior Computer, has existed for 15 years. (non-identifying because it's the same company I already mentioned in #1)
3 The building where we do most of our work is located downtown. (the company may have more than one building, so we need to identify this one)
4 The office that I work in has been remodeled. (identifying because there may be several offices)
5 Darren Corgatelli, whose wife is my aunt, is the boss.
6 Darren, whom I've known since I was a child, is an excellent boss.
7 Sarah Corgatelli, who is Darren's wife, keeps the company running smoothly.
8 I joined the company in 1995, when I graduated from college.
(I joined the company when I graduated from college in 1995.)
9 I admire my colleagues whose advice has been invaluable.
(I admire some of them, some of them have good advice.)
  I admire my colleagues, whose advice has been invaluable.
(I admire all of them, all of them have good advice.)
10 Part of my job is telemarketing, which I like the least.
The part of my job which I like the least is telemarketing.

There's a car in my garage that I've been working on.
(= There's a car that I've been working on in my garage.)
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subject	object	possessives	(pron+[be])
I	me	my	mine
you	you	your	yours	(you're)
we	us	our	ours
they	them	their	theirs	(they're)
she	her	her	hers
it	it	its	its	(it's)
he	him	his	his
who	who(m)	whose	whose	(who's)
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Homework: finish 202-203 and do p. 206 exercise 5
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The building where I work is downtown.

The building that  I work in is downtown.
The building which I work in is downtown.
The building       I work in is downtown.

The building in which I work is downtown. (more formal)
The company for which I work makes computers.
The man to whom you spoke yesterday is here again.

I live in a house whose door is broken.
I live in a house the door of which is broken.
I live in a house that has a broken door.

Stephen Spielberg has made many movies, one of which is my favorite movie of all time.

Leonardo DiCaprio has been in many good movies, none of which have earned him an Oscar.