/*
 *   main.cpp
 *   Christmas Tree V5
 *
 *   Created by Julius Zitzmann on 28.12.2017.
 *   Copyright © 2017 Julius Zitzmann. All rights reserved.
 *
 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */

#include <iostream>
#include <random>
#include <Windows.h>

using namespace std;

short main()
{

	// ===== Variable Definition =========================

	char           cAgain     { 'Y' } ;
	unsigned short usHeight   {  0  } ;
	unsigned short usWidth    {  1  } ;
	unsigned short usWidthMax {  0  } ;

	random_device rdRandom;
	mt19937 mtRandom(rdRandom());

	// ===== END Variable Definition =========================


	// ===== Preparation =========================

	// This loop will be executed at least once. It will iterate if the user wants to build another tree.
	do
	{

		// Clear the screen for a clean output.
		system("cls");

		// Reset the variables.
		cAgain     = 'Y' ;
		usHeight   =  0  ;
		usWidth    =  1  ;
		usWidthMax =  0  ;

		// ===== END Preparation =========================


		// ===== Input =========================

		// This loop will iterate infinitely until the user input is valid.
		while (1)
		{

			// Set the output text color to bright white.
			SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), 15);

			// Ask the user for the height of the tree.
			cout << "Please enter the height of the christmas tree (5-80): ";
			cin >> usHeight;

			// If the input fails then clear the input buffer.
			if (cin.fail())
			{
				cin.clear();
				cin.ignore(32767, '\n');
			}

			// If the input is valid (height is between 5 and 80) then break out of the loop.
			if (usHeight >= 5 && usHeight <= 80)
				break;

			// If the input is not valid then output an error message and iterate the loop.
			else
				cerr << "The input you just made is not valid, please try again!\n"
					<< '\n';
		}

		cout << '\n';

		// ===== END Input =========================


		// ===== Output =========================

		// Determine the maximum width the tree will have.
		usWidthMax = (usHeight * 2 - 1) - ((usHeight - 1) / 5) * 6;

		if (usHeight % 5 == 1)
			usWidthMax = usWidthMax + 4;

		if (usHeight % 5 == 2)
			usWidthMax = usWidthMax + 2;

		// This loop outputs a certain number of spaces, 'x's, 'O's, 'I's and a new line for each height.
		for (unsigned short usTemp{ 1 }; usTemp <= usHeight; usTemp++, usWidth = usWidth + 2)
		{

			// This loop outputs a certain number of spaces to center the tree.
			for (short sTemp{ (usWidthMax - usWidth) / 2 }; sTemp > 0; sTemp--)
				cout << ' ';

			// This loop outputs an 'x' for each width, if not an 'O' or an 'I' because of the random integer.
			for (unsigned short usTemp2{ usWidth }; usTemp2 > 0; usTemp2--)
			{

				// There is a 12,5 % chance that it is a special character.
				if (mtRandom() % 8 == 0)
				{

					// There is a 50 % chance that it is a red 'O'.
					if (mtRandom() < 2147483648)
					{

						// Set the output text color to red.
						SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), 4);
						cout << 'O';
					}

					// There is a 50 % chance that it is a light yellow 'I'.
					else
					{

						// Set the output text color to light yellow.
						SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), 14);
						cout << 'I';
					}
				}

				// There is a 87,5 % chance that it is a normal character.
				else
				{

					// Set the output text color to light green.
					SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), 10);
					cout << 'x';
				}
			}

			cout << '\n';

			// If five lines were drawn then start a new block.
			if (usTemp % 5 == 0)
				usWidth = usWidth - 6;
		}

		// This loop outputs three lines of centered 'H's.
		for (unsigned short usTemp{ 3 }; usTemp > 0; usTemp--)
		{

			// This loop outputs a space for each width/2-1 to center the trunk.
			for (short sTemp{ usWidthMax / 2 }; sTemp > 0; sTemp--)
			{
				cout << ' ';
			}

			// Set the output text color to yellow.
			SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), 6);
			cout << "H\n";
		}

		cout << '\n';

		// ===== END Output =========================


		// ===== Loop control =========================

		// Set the output text color to bright white.
		SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), 15);

		// Ask the user if he wants to build another tree.
		cout << "Do you want to build another tree? [Y/n] ";
		cin >> cAgain;

		// If the input fails then clear the input buffer.
		if (cin.fail())
		{
			cin.clear();
			cin.ignore(32767, '\n');
		}

		// If the user entered 'Y' or 'y' then tell the user that the application will iterate.
		if (cAgain == 'Y' || cAgain == 'y')
		{
			cout << "Okay let's build another tree! Ready?\n";
			system("pause");
		}

		// If the user entered 'N' or 'n' then tell the user that the application will close.
		else if (cAgain == 'N' || cAgain == 'n')
		{
			cout << "Okay, Bye!\n";
			system("pause");
		}

		// If the user entered something else then tell the user that the application will close.
		else
		{
			cout << "Interpreting inaccurate answer as \"No\". Bye!\n";
			system("pause");
		}
	}

	// Iterate the loop if the user entered 'Y' or 'y' before.
	while (cAgain == 'Y' || cAgain == 'y');

	// ===== END Loop control =========================


	// Exit the application with code 0.
	return 0;
}