2018-09-15 Saturday: 6 Wellbeing (food)

Greg Malivuk
[email protected] (I only check this from school.)
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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Homework: Write a postcard (from Boston or from a real or imagined vacation you took somewhere else). Use some of the informal features from p. 65, but NOT leaving out words.
	Also: read the article on p. 75 and do parts 3, 4, 5 on p. 74
Also also: Next week’s topic will be food, and it’s the last class of this session. Bring some food from your country (that we’ll be able to eat in class). If your food needs plates, bowls, or utensils, bring those yourself, because the school usually doesn’t have them.
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part 3
1 chocolate
2 drug
3 energy
4 food and drinks
5 sleep cycle
part 4
makes you more alert
relieves pain
reduces asthma symptoms
increases reaction speed
is habit-forming
part 5
1 It used to be based on the sun, now it’s based on the clock.
2 electric (or other artificial) lights, caffeine
3 The body doesn’t function at its best, physically, mentally, or emotionally.
4 We use caffeine to be awake, we need help staying awake because we don’t get enough sleep, and we don’t get enough sleep because we use caffeine. (This isn’t really a paradox, but a vicious cycle.)
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https://ed.ted.com/lessons/how-does-caffeine-keep-us-awake-hanan-qasim
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p. 70 “Pizza with a pedigree”
Read the article.
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32010R0097 - full official EU documentation of “Pizza Napoletana”
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CE = Common Era (same years as AD = anno domini)
BCE = Before the Common Era (same years as BC = Before Christ)
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Of the basic ingredients (tomatoes, flour, cheese, oil), which one was definitely not on any pizza in 997?
Tomatoes are originally from Mexico. No Eurupeans 1000 years ago had ever seen one.
Do you know any other foods which are common in many places now, which were originally from the Americas (not Europe, Africa, or Asia)?
- avocado
- blueberries
- chili peppers
- potatoes
- corn
- chocolate
- vanilla
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Grammar: modals for advice and recommendations
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modal verbs: can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to, had better
similar expressions: have to, be able to, be going to, be allowed to
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Modals don’t change with person (he/she/it), are followed by the base form, and must be first in a verb phrase
The similar expressions don’t have to be first, and they change for he/she/it: He has to go. I will have to check tomorrow.
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must / have to = no choice, this is your only option
should = yes choice, but this is your best option
could / may / might = yes choice, this is one option (from many)
don’t have to = yes choice, this is not your only option (you can do something else)
shouldn’t = yes choice, but this is not a good option
may not / can’t / not allowed to = no choice, you don’t have permission
must not = no choice, this is not an option
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p. 71 part 5 - Choose the correct modal (or similar expression) and make sentences that have the same meaning as these food labels (with that modal).
1 Vegetarians can eat this.
2 People with nut allergies shouldn’t eat this.
3 You shouldn’t exceed the recommended daily intake of salt.
4 This sample is not allowed to be sold. / You are not allowed to sell this sample.
5 This food has to be heated thoroughly before serving. / You have to heat this thoroughly before serving.
6 This food shouldn’t be eaten by diabetics. / Diabetics shouldn’t eat this food.
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In your group, discuss whether you have to, don’t have to, should, or shouldn’t do these things:
keep eggs in the fridge
wash rice before you cook it
eat fish on the day you buy it
cook meat until it isn’t pink
keep butter in the fridge
keep mayonnaise in the fridge
rinse pasta after cooking it
Also, share any other things that your host family does differently with food than you think they should.
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BREAK
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FOOD
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p. 72 - What do you think “Imaginary Eating” might be? Could it be useful for anything?
Read the paragraph.
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/12/101209-chocolate-obesity-science-mind-diet-weight-loss-eat-food/ - National Geographic article about this research
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/330/6010/1530.full.pdf - Science magazine article about the research (if you register for free you can see the article)
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Remember, in English, “gain”, “earn”, and “win” have very different meanings.
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part 3 - Listen to the conversation. Mark each sentence true or false.
1 T
2 T
3 T
4 F
5 T
6 T
part 4 - Listen again and choose the correct ending to each sentence
1 I’ll believe it when I see it.
2 If you don’t train your mind, you won’t be able to lose weight.
3 I won’t find out unless I try.
4 When I want to eat a snack, I’ll try just imagining it.
5 I’ll never have to buy chocolate again if this technique works.
6 As soon as it starts working, I’ll let you know.
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Grammar: first conditional = future real conditional
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“If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.”
- real, because it really can rain tomorrow
- future, because it’s about the future
(The present real conditional also exists: “If you are at least 21 years old, you can drink in the US.”)
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form: if + [present], [future] (OR [future] + if + [present])
(It can be any present tense and any future tense, including continuous, perfect, passive, etc.)
	“If it’s raining tomorrow, I’m staying home.”
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p. 73 part 7 - Complete the sentences with the correct verb forms.
1 believe, will be
2 ‘ll need, want
3 don’t buy, won’t be able
4 find, will you let
5 go, ‘ll check
6 ‘ll give up, do
7 don’t try, ‘ll never know
8 will you do, doesn’t work
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unless = if + not
You will fail the test if don’t study.
You will fail the test unless you study.

I’ll cook dinner if you get home tonight. = You may or may not get home tonight. If yes, I’ll cook.
I’ll cook dinner when you get home tonight. = You will get home tonight. Then I’ll cook.

I’ll watch Netflix all night unless you get home. = You may or may not get home tonight. If yes, I’ll stop watching Netflix then.
I’ll watch Netflix until you get home. = You will get home tonight. Then I’ll stop watching Netflix.
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I’m enjoying this class so far. = I’m enjoying it, but it’s not finished yet.
I was enjoying this class until now. = I just stopped enjoying it (because something bad happened).
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For all conditional and time clauses, don’t use the future tense. (The main clause should be future.)
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In your group, the teenager will try to convince the parent(s) to let her borrow the car for the evening.
Use conditional and time clause sentences to make promises to convince them.
Parents: don’t be a pushover
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Now, children try to convince their teacher not to tell their parents about cheating on a test. (Again, use conditionals to make promises like, “If you don’t tell my parents, I’ll clean the classroom after class every day next week.”)
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Vocabulary: p. 73 part 9 - Do you know the words and expressions in the box?
cut down on = reduce (do something less than you used to)
give up = stop (You can give up smoking when you quit smoking.)
cut out = remove (You need to cut out all refined sugar from your diet.)
take up = start doing something (You can take up a new sport.)
fatty food = food with a lot of fat in it
fattening food = food that makes you fat
junk food = food that has a lot of calories but not other nutrition (We sometimes say they’re empty calories.)
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Homework: 5-6 test