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- A block cipher operates on blocks or chunks of text
- Multiples of 64, i.e. 64, 128, 192 etc
- DES (64bits) can only be used for 32GB before starting to leak information about message contents
- AES (128bits) can be used for 256EB
- Hash function
- MD5
- SHA & SHA-1
- SHA 3
- HAVAL
- RIPMD-160
- Message authentication code (MAC)
- symmetric 2 ways
- AES best crypto
- DES discard 8 bits
- AES is symetric
- AES 128 bit
- SBOX = byte to byte substitution (AES?)
- RC$ - WEP and SSL
- Asymetric - private key and public key pair
- RSA
- Diffie-Hellmann
- El Gamal
- Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC
- Asymetric needs private key
- RSA in software = 100 times slower than DES
- El Gamel - used in recent PGP
- symettric = confidentiality
- Asymetric = auth and non-repudiation
- SHA-1 = 160Bit hash. similar to MD5
- SHA-2 ?(256 and 512)
- ipsec
- Uses HMAC-MD5-96 or HMAC-SHA-1-96 to provide integrity
- ESP Mode uses 3DES, RC5, IDEA, 3IDEA, CAST or Blowfish
- SSL/TLS
- Encrypts messages using symmetric algorithms
- Calculates MAC for message integrity
- Key exchange via Diffie-Hellman or RSA
- TLSv1 is backward compatible with SSLv3
- Uses a HMAC instead of MAC
- PGP = hybrid system
- MAC
- HMAC
- CBC-MAC
- CMAC
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