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- update
- update is used to resynchronize the package index files from their sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched
- from the location(s) specified in /etc/apt/sources.list. For example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and
- scans the Packages.gz files, so that information about new and updated packages is available. An update should always be
- performed before an upgrade or dist-upgrade. Please be aware that the overall progress meter will be incorrect as the size of
- the package files cannot be known in advance.
- upgrade
- upgrade is used to install the newest versions of all packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated
- in /etc/apt/sources.list. Packages currently installed with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no
- circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not already installed retrieved and installed. New
- versions of currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install status of another package will
- be left at their current version. An update must be performed first so that apt-get knows that new versions of packages are
- available.
- dist-upgrade
- dist-upgrade in addition to performing the function of upgrade, also intelligently handles changing dependencies with new
- versions of packages; apt-get has a "smart" conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most important
- packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. The dist-upgrade command may therefore remove some packages. The
- /etc/apt/sources.list file contains a list of locations from which to retrieve desired package files. See also
- apt_preferences(5) for a mechanism for overriding the general settings for individual packages.
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